ABSTRACT
Hospitals are important and vital centers for public services,which their nature of activity and type of provided services, require a calm and silent environment. This study was done to evaluate noise exposure dose among nurses of 6 hospitals in Qom city. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 12 nurses working in 6 educational hospitals affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences were selected randomly at the first stage. To assess the noise exposure level, two calibrated dosimeters [TES model, Taiwan] were used. In the second stage, demographic data such as age, sex, years of employment, daily working hours, etc. were collected using a questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed using central statistical indices, frequency distribution, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's test at the significance level of less than 0.05. In this study, in all the studied hospitals, the level of noise exposure was higher than permissible limit. On the other hand, the received noise dose was significantly higher in the emergency, obstetrics and gynecology, and infectious wards [alpha<0.05]. Also, most of the noise sources were reported respectively for ventilators, serum pumps, and suction apparatus and other sources, such as the sound of air conditioning systems, incubators, etc. were in the second priority. The sounds of these devices were at the conversation frequencies [500-3000 Hz]. The results of this study showed that noise levels were higher than permissible limit in various wards of the hospitals, Therefore, intervention programs to control and reduce noise pollution in the hospital could be implemented in a prioritized way through a study by analysis of the causes and patterns of sound production.
ABSTRACT
Background: Although vegetables have important role to our diets but in case of infection with microbes they can act as a source of infection for variety of intestinal diseases namely cholera. Present study aimed to figure out the status of vegetable disinfection behavior and its modifiable determinants during cholera outbreak in Qom province in 2011.
Material and Methods: In a descriptive-analytic study on 554 women [who were household-keeper], vegetable disinfection behavior and its determinants were investigated. In this study, the multistage sampling method was used. A researcher-tailored questionnaire was used to gather data. The valid and reliable questionnaire was comprised of 85 questions and was completed by subjects. Then, the collected data was analyzed by SPSS software [version 19] and using Pearson correlation coefficient [CI=95%].
Results: The mean and standard error [SE] of age of subjects were about 31.24+-8.45 Women's knowledge score on use of vegetable disinfectants had a mean and SE of 71.5+-11.65. Altogether, only 15.99% of women [87 persons] reported a complete disinfection of vegetables. The strongest relationship was found between Vegetable disinfection behavior and the perceived barriers that based on Pearson correlation coefficient was a significant but reverse relationship. [r=-0.567, p=0.019].
Conclusion: Our findings showed that house-keeping women had a poor behavior regarding vegetable disinfection. Consequently, poorly-disinfected vegetables are still a prominent health problem respecting spread of intestinal diseases especially cholera.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is considered as one of the most important health issues in 3rd millenary that the number of the patients is increasing. Self-care has been known as one of the most effective method for The prevention and control of diabetes complications. This research was performed to assess the selfcaring grades in diabetic patients who come to Qom diabetes community in 1391.
Materials and Methods: this cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study was conducted on 251 diabetic patients referring to the Qom diabetes community and was selected randomly. Demographic and information record checklist and also standard SDSCA questionnaire were used to collect data. Obtained information was analyzed through SPSS software 18 and p value lower than 0.05 was considered as significant level.
Results: Results showed a proportion of 32.99% have never performed any self-caring activity and only 7.97% of them followed these every day. The mean values of FBS and HbA1c were 157.74 mg/dl and 7.74 mg/dl, respectively and also selfcaring score was 46.53. There was observed a significant reverse association between FBS and HbA1c values.
Conclusion: Self-caring is substantially unacceptable in diabetic patients who are under covered of Qom diabetes community and they don't perform some self-caring actions like diary regime, appropriate exercise, control of blood glucose, foot caring and also taking medicine or insulin injection completely and regular. For this reason, these patients had inappropriate values of FBS and HbA1c
ABSTRACT
The redness of eye is the main sign of eye inflammation. The most common causes of eye redness is benign diseases like conjunctivitis, but because of the more dangerous and more emergence causes, quick recognition prevents eye disorders in the future. This study was done for appointing the causes of eye redness in children under 10 years. This study is a cross sectional study, in which 50 children under 10-years old who referred to ophthalmology clinic of Kamkar hospital were examined by an ophthalmologist in winter, 2011. Demographic data and causes of illness were gathered by a scholar-made questionnaire. Results were analyzed by central statistic indices and Chi- square using SPSS software [version 19]. P-value<0.05 was considered significant. The most common cause of referring were conjunctivitis, trauma and congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, respectively. 60% patients were male and 40% were female. The most prevalent signs were itching [70%], eye tearing [54%] and eyes itching [40%]. Eye redness affected one eye in 66% in two eyes in 34% of patients. The most prevalent part of affected eyes was fornical [78%]. Eye redness is more common in male, but no significant difference was observed between the genders and causes of eye redness. There was no significant diversity among different age groups and causes of redness. The recognition of causes of eye redness can prevent optical restrictions, so all physicians should be carefully educated
ABSTRACT
A potential brain damage, as a result of premature birth, can cause damage to intelligence quotient [IQ]. Due to the high incidence of preterm birth and its associated disorders and its impact on society and according to a few studies in this field, this study with the aim of evaluating association between IQ and preterm birth was conducted. This historical cohort study was done on 282 children of school age, dividing into two groups of cohort [n = 147] and controls [n = 156]. Demographic characteristics and findings of Raven's test for assessing IQ were gathered in children. Data were analyzed by SPSS software at a significance level of less than 0.05. The mean and standard deviation of IQ in cohort groups and control were the 99.46 +/- 9.91 and 100.02 +/- 8.61, respectively. The mean gestational age was 33.74 weeks in cohort group and 38.63 weeks in the control group. Mean birth weight and head circumference in the cohort and control group were 2226.81gr, 32.72 cm and 3260.57gr, 33.97 cm, respectively. Mean score of IQ was not significantly different between two groups, but IQ had significant correlation with birth weight and head circumference [r=0.179, P=0.002 and r=0.299, P<0.001, respectively]. Unlike results of a few previous studies on this issue, no significant differences were found between the two groups. It is recommended that future assessments study should be done on broader populations and should be considered behavioral and psychological dimensions
ABSTRACT
Background: Snoring is a common factor of sleep disturbances in children, and may influence their growth. This study aimed to assess the relationship between snoring with height and weight growth in 2-12-year-old children of Qom
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 100 children with snoring [65 boys, 35 girls] and 100 normal children [40 boys, 60 girls] were selected and analyzed. Data were collected from parents of children by filling out Berlin questionnaire and percentile of Height and Weight. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 18 and P value below than 0.05 was considered significant
Results: The mean [SD] age, weight and height of studied children were 6.81 [ +/- 2.93] years, 25.39 [ +/- 11.56] kilograms and 116.11 [ +/- 20.01] 35% centimeters, respectively. There was significant correlation between weight percentile and snoring in children above 7 years old [p=0.024]. Also there was a significant correlation between severity of snoring and weight [p=0.047]. There was no significant difference between snoring and height in case and control children
Conclusion: This study shows the relationship between sleep disturbances, especially snoring, and growth disorders. Informing of parents and physician about this issue may help early diagnosis and treatment of sleep disturbances in children