ABSTRACT
In recent years, rituximab(RTX) has been increasingly used in the treatment of refractory primary nephrotic syndrome in children, and has achieved positive effects.Experimental evidence suggests that RTX may exert its therapeutic effects by directly acting on B cells and T cells, interfering with the interaction between B cells and T cells, and directly protecting podocytes.However, the number of studies on the mechanism of RTX in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome is limited and there is no definitive evidence, so there is no consensus in the academic community.This article summarizes experimental research results and reasonable speculations put forward by many scholars in recent years, and summarizes the significance of the research on the mechanism of RTX and the existing research gaps in this field, in order to provide theoretical guidance for the clinical application of RTX.