ABSTRACT
Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a well-known predictor of mortality in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). The assessment of RV function is often difficult due to complex geometry and hemodynamic factors. Objective: We aim to analyze RV function in patients with severe mitral and/or aortic valve disease using two-dimensional strain (2DS) imaging and conventional echocardiographic parameters, comparing it with right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) measured by three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE). Methods: Fifty-three patients with severe mitral and/or aortic VHD underwent complete transthoracic echocardiogram in the preoperative setting for cardiac surgery, including conventional echocardiographic parameters of RV function and speckle-tracking derived 2DS indices: RV global longitudinal strain (RVGS) and RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWS). Conventional echocardiographic and 2DS parameters were compared with real-time 3DE RVEF using Spearman correlation test. For comparison between two groups of patients based on the presence of RV dysfunction (normal RVEF ≥ 44% - A, abnormal RVEF < 44% - B), we used nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis was used to assess the clinical utility of all RV function variables in defining RV dysfunction. P values <0,05 were considered statistically significant.Results: We found a significant correlation between all parameters and RVEF (p<0.05), with best results for RV fractional area change (FAC), RVGS, and RVFWS. Dividing the population into two-groups based on RVEF, we found 14 patients with RV dysfunction (27.4%), and significant differences between the groups for all RV function variables. For detection of RV dysfunction defined by 3DE, ROC curve analysis showed the best area under the curve (AUC) for RVGS (0.872), RVFWS (0.851) and FAC (0.932). Conclusions: We observed significant correlation between RVGS, RVFWS and RVEF, with good accuracy in detecting RV dysfunction, comparable to FAC and better than other conventional parameters of RV function assessment. The evaluation of RV myocardial deformation with 2DS may have additional diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with severe left-sided VHD
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Echocardiography/methods , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging , Heart Valve Diseases/etiology , Aortic Valve , Atrial Fibrillation , Stroke Volume , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional/methods , Mitral ValveABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar o padrão da função diastólica em uma grande série de pacientes na fase crônica da doença de Chagas (DC), correlacionando-o com a gravidade clínica. Métodos: Foram incluídos 902 pacientes consecutivos com sorologia positiva para a doença de Chagas e sem evidências de cardiopatia não-chagásica. Todos foram submetidos a um protocolo de avaliação clínica, eletrocardiográfica, radiológica e ecocardiográfica. A função diastólica foi avaliada ao Doppler através da análise do fluxo mitral, sendo classificada em normal (NL), déficit do relaxamento (DR), pseudonormal (PN) e restritiva (R). A gravidade da forma clínica foi definida em estágios, segundo a classificação de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) da American Heart Association (AHA) adapatda para DC, adotada pelo Consenso Brasileiro de DC de 2005. Estágios: A: eletrocardiograma (ECG) alterado e ecocardiograma (ECO) normal; B1: ECO alterado, com fração de ejeção (FE) maior que 45 por cento, sem IC; B2: ECO alterado, com FE menor que 45 por cento, sem IC; C: IC compensada e D: IC refratária. Pacientes com ECG normal não são incluídos na classificação. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 46 maior ou menor que 11 anos, com leve predomínio do sexo feminino (54 por cento). Entre os 412 pacientes com ECG normal, 18 por cento apresentavam DR e o restante tinha função diastólica normal...