Consciousness Research of Procurement Processes of Medical Materials / 日本農村医学会雑誌

At medical fields, how should procurement processes of medical material be? We tried to research that onto Hospitals affiliated with the National Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives for health and welfare using questionnaire researchmethod to grasp the actual conditions of medical material procurement processes. The research was proceeded taking the hospitals which have more than a hundred beds as the object. The research requested 97 hospitals and fifty-three hospitals responded. From the research, we could get the following results. The enough results to judge as results; implementation of plan of buying budgets 79%, affirmance of clearance asset 89%, clarification of necessity 96%, trial calculation of profitability and productivity 98%, research for the use utility after adoption 76%, supplement of a job lot 91%, consideration of safety 96%, prime cost dropby joint purchase 61%. On the other hand, it is considered that following things are not enough results;document audit with suppliers' business outline and supplier record 34%, purchasing administrator's lack of acknowledgements of medical material 55%, dealing with immovable stock in subsequent occasion after changes of doctors 41%, efficient ability as in analysis of time by purchase products 59%, transaction expenditure of wastes 46%, reduction of labour by joint purchasing 59%. On the whole, it may be said that hospitals, which have purchase board , are trying to select products from various sides. However, it cannot be said that Secretariat's knowledge a bout medical product are not good enough to selectit. Therefore, deliberating with participants to the committee is important andclue. In this case, substance should be described visually and objectively as in a chart graph. It may bring us excellent purchasing on medical products by consideration of selecting standard.

Nutritional assistance for elite athletes / 体力科学

We performed dietary guidances for 15 male elite athletes (23±3 years of age) participating a training program for vigorous endurance run. Nutrient allowances for the athletes were determined by the guidelines of Japanese Dietary Allowances (5 th ed.), considering their physical activities at the highest level IV; total energy 3, 500 kcal, protein 140g, lipid 100g, carbohydrate 510g, calcium 1, 500 mg, iron 25 mg, vitamin A 8, 000 IU, thiamine 4.0 mg, riboflabin 5.0 mg and vitamin C 200 mg per day. We also developed food group allowances for the athletes based on their nutrient allowances and current young-aged Japanese dietary styles ; cereals 400 g, potatoes and starches 60 g, sugars 20 g fats and oils 30g, pulses 120g, meats 150g, fishes and shellfishes 150g, eggs 80g, milks 600g, green and yellow vegetables 300 g, the other vegetables 350 g, fruits 400 g and algae 20 g per day. For the experimental period of 45 days, daily diets adjusted to approximate 120% of the dietary allowances were served to the athletes who were free taking snacks and drinks. Dietary guidances for the athletes were assessed by monitors of their dietary intakes, physical constitution and clinical examinations in blood. Means of the dietary intakes of the athletes were 96-99% of the dietary allowances, determined by a nutritional survey with the 24 hrs recall method. There were less changes in the physical constitution of the athletes before, during and after the experimental period; body weight 57±2 kg and body fat 8.8 ± 2.4%. Values of the clinical marks in the blood of the athletes were maintained normally for a half year including the experimental period; red blood cells 507±9×104 cells/mm3, hemoglobin 15±0.4g/dl and hematocrit 46.6±0.7%.<BR>It is concluded that suitable nutritional guidances and managements for young-aged male vigorous endurance runners lead good in their health and physical maintenances, which may have important consequences for their physical development as elite athletes.