Diagnosis of oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS patients who used HAART and developed diabetes mellitus

Aim: To assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS patients and a possible correlation of the development of diabetes mellitus due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) Methods: 56 patients were examined, divided into two groups, Group 1, the HIV group, with 28 patients known to be HIV+, who developed diabetes mellitus due to HAART, and Group 2, the control group, with 28 patients with HIV- diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Results: In Group 1, normal salivary flow rate and buffering capacity were observed in 18 (64.3%) patients, but the bleeding index high (46.53%) and higher incidence of periodontal disease was found in this group. In Group 2, 11 (39.2%) and 15 (53.5%) patients had low and normal salivary flow rate, respectively. High T-CD4 indices with mean value of 22.46 for each patient, showing xerostomia in 9 (32.1%) patients and dental caries in 11 (39.3%). Conclusions: Regarding the oral and general manifestations, the HIV group showed higher rates of pathologies when compared with the control group. The HIV group and the control group were diagnosed with diabetes, but this condition in the HIV group presented earlier than in the control group, suggesting a possible association with HAART.

Study of emotional and psychological factors that may interfere in the dental treatment / Estudo dos fatores emocionais e psicológicos que podem interferir no tratamento odontológico

Introduction - Submission to dental treatment has been reported by patients as a condition giving rise to stress because they may experience some discomfort causing them to postpone visits to the dental office because of situations that include pain. Identify these conditions is a challenge that dentists should include their care procedures in order to modify this pessimistic view where the main focus (oral health) can be achieved. This work results in the identification of factors that interfere with patient-dentist approximation for the dental treatment. Material and Method - We interviewed 54 patients. Results - The results were significant: 14.85% said they going to the dental office is stressful, 83.3% reported that the dentist managed to deal with fear and anxiety during the dental treatment, 22.0% had requested to stop a consultation because of not keeping the self control. The most common symptoms: palpitations, cold hands, panic, increased sweating. When questioned about what most frightened them: equipment used during the consultations is the main cause of fear. Conclusion - It was concluded that the patient-dentist relationship is a complex and extensive subject, however, it identifies situations that may be related to fear, so that when controlled it facilitates adherence and reduce the dropout to dental treatments, improving clinical and practical care and the patient approach to the dentist.

Introdução - Submeter a tratamento odontológico (TO) tem sido relatado, por pacientes, como condição geradora de estresse, pois acredita-se experimentar algum desconforto levando-os a adiar idas aos consultórios odontológicos a situações limítrofes como a dor. Identificar tais condições é mais um desafio que os cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) devem incluir aos seus atendimentos, com objetivo de modificar esta visão pessimista onde o foco principal (saúde bucal) possa ser atingido. Este trabalho resulta na identificação dos fatores que interferem na aproximação paciente-CD para o TO. Material e Método - Foram entrevistados 54 pacientes. Resultados - Os resultados foram significativos: 14,85% afirmaram que ir ao consultório odontológico é estressante, 83,3% relataram que o CD conseguiu lidar com situações de medo e ansiedade durante o TO; 22,0% já solicitaram interromper a consulta por não conseguir manter o autocontrole. Os sintomas mais frequentes: palpitações, mãos frias, pânico, sudorese aumentada. Quando interrogados sobre o que mais os amedrontam: equipamentos utilizados durante os atendimentos são principais desencadeadores de medo. Conclusão - Conclui-se que a relação paciente-CD é um assunto complexo e extenso, contudo, identifica as situações que devem ser relacionadas ao medo, para que, ao contorná-las possam facilitar aderência e diminuir evasão aos TO, melhorando o atendimento clínico-prático bem como a aproximação dentista-paciente.