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1.
Indian J Lepr ; 2018 Sep; 90(3): 177-188
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-195012

ABSTRACT

This study has been carried out to verify the association between physical disability, activity limitation and social participation of people who had leprosy. This is an ecological analytical study, carried out from 2003 to 2014 in eleven cities belonging to the Epidemiological Surveillance Group of Taubaté-SP, Brazil. Individuals who had leprosy and were discharged after cure were evaluated through simplified neurological assessment, disability grade, activity limitation and social participation. Two hundred and ten people were assessed, with average age of 55.62 years. Among them, 72.86% individuals reported some health problem and the majority complained of pain. The prevalent operational classification for leprosy was multibacillary (70.48%). 156 individuals (75.29%) presented with physical disability, either in moderate or severe grade, and 60.48% had some level of activity limitation. The most frequent degree of social restriction (19.52%) was mild. There was strong correlation between social participation and activity limitation (r=0.5798; p<0.0001). To conclude, both physical disabilities as well as activity limitations were frequent in these persons. Activity limitation was significantly associated with multibacillary forms, physical disabilities, low educational level and pain. As for decreased social participation, the association was more evident among people who had family income less than three minimum wages, with visible physical damages and presence of severe pain.

2.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 18(2): 415-422, 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-787949

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito antibacteriano e tripanocida in vitro do extrato hidroalcóolico das raízes de Tradescantia sillamontana Matuda (Commelinaceae), conhecida popularmente como veludo branco. Foi avaliada a atividade antibacteriana in vitro frente às bactérias Streptococcus mitis (CIM = 100 µg/mL; CMB = 150 µg/mL), Streptococcus mutans (CIM = 200 µg/mL; CMB = 220 µg/mL), Streptococcus sanguinis (CIM = 400 µg/mL; CMB = 425 µg/mL), Streptococcus sobrinus (CIM = 400 µg/mL; CMB = 420 µg/mL) e Bacteroides fragilis (CIM = 400 µg/mL; CMB = 430 µg/mL) pelo método de diluição em caldo. Os protozoários da família tripanossomatídeo causam doenças tropicais que costumam ser negligenciadas que costumam ser como a tripanossomíase, para a qual estão disponíveis poucos medicamentos. Neste contexto, o extrato hidroalcóolico das raízes de T. sillamontana também foi avaliado frente às formas tripomastigotas da cepa Y de Trypanosoma cruzi, com promissora atividade frente a este protozoário (IC50 = 2,4 µg/mL). Quando avaliada a atividade citotóxica frente a fibroblastos da linhagem LLCMK2, o extrato apresentou moderada citotoxicidade (CC50 = 480,37 µg/mL). Os resultados ora apresentados para o extrato hidroalcóolico das raízes de Tradescantia sillamontana Matuda demonstraram promissoras atividades antibacteriana e tripanocida, sendo uma fonte alternativa de produtos naturais com atividades contra T. cruzi e algumas bactérias do gênero Streptococcus e Bacteroides.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro, antibacterial and trypanocidal effect of the hydroalcoholic extract from the roots of Tradescantia sillamontana Matuda (Commelinaceae), commonly known as Veludo branco. The in vitro antibacterial activity against the standard bacteria Streptococcus mitis (MIC = 100µg/mL; MBC = 150 µg/mL), Streptococcus mutans (MIC = 200µg/mL; MBC = 220 µg/mL), Streptococcus sanguinis (MIC = 400µg/mL; MBC = 425 µg/mL), Streptococcus sobrinus (MIC = 400µg/mL; MBC = 420 µg/mL) andBacteroides fragilis (MIC = 400µg/mL; MBC = 430 µg/mL), using microdilution broth methods. Protozoans from the trypanosomatid family cause neglected tropical diseases such as trypanosomiasis, for which few drugs are available. In this context, the hydroalcoholic extract of the Tradescantia sillamontana roots was also investigated with regards to the in vitro effects against the trypomastigote forms of theY strain of Trypanosoma cruzi, showing strong activity against this parasite (IC50 = 2.4 µg/mL). When performing cytotoxic activity against fibroblasts LLCMK2 line, the extract showed moderate cytotoxicity (CC50 = 480.37 mg/mL). The results presented for the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Tradescantia sillamontana Matuda demonstrated effective antibacterial and trypanocidal activities and were shown to be an alternative source of natural products with activity against T. cruzi and some bacteria of the genus Streptococcus and Bacteroides.


Subject(s)
Trypanocidal Agents/analysis , Plant Roots/classification , Tradescantia/classification , /analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Commelinaceae/classification
3.
Pensar prát. (Impr.) ; 17(1): 14-25, jan.-mar. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-869237

ABSTRACT

O estilo de vida do adolescente estل relacionado com uma série de atitudes que colocam sua saْde em risco e comprometem o estado fيsico e mental. Diante deste cenلrio, a religiمo tem se tornado um fator mediador para a adoçمo e aceitaçمo de comportamentos considerados benéficos à saْde. O presente ensaio procurou discutir a influência da religiosidade para a prلtica de atividade fيsica, como também no consumo de substâncias psicoativas.Como principais consideraçُes, observou-se que os princيpios adotados pelas doutrinas religiosas vمo de encontro à adoçمo de condutas nocivas, aconselhando aspectos positivos na vida do jovem. Assim, aqueles que aderem uma determinada religiمo, passam a incorporar um conjunto de valores e prلticas que desencorajam o desvio individual.


The adolescent lifestyle is related to a several attitudes that bring some risks for their lives and affect their physical and mental health. In face of this context, the religion is becoming a mediator fact to the adoption and acceptation of positive behaviors to their health. This trial discussed about the influence of the religiousness on the practice of physical activity, and also on the consumption of psychoactive substances. As the main considerations, we observed that the principles adopted by the religious doctrines are against the bad conducts, guiding them to look for positive aspects. Therefore, those ones who take some religion get many values and practices that prevent their individual deviation.


El estilo de vida del dolescente se relaciona con uma serie de acciones que ponen en riesgo su salud. En este contexto, la religiَn se ha convertido en un factor de mediaciَn parala adopciَn de conductas que se consideran beneficiosas para la salud. Este trabajo tuvocomo objetivo discutir la influencia de la religiosidad sobre actividad fيsica, asي como el consumo de substancias psicoactivas. La principal conclusiَn observada es que los principios adoptados por las doctrinas religiosas van en contra de la adopciَn de conductas nocivas, favoreciendo aspectos positivos de la vida de los jَvenes. Por lo tanto, aquellos que se adhieren a una religiَn, han de incorporar um conjunto de valores y prلcticas que desalientan la adopciَn de un estilo de vida poco saludabl.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Life Style , Religion , Adolescent , Behavior
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 69(1)Feb. 2009.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467974

ABSTRACT

Reproduction of the isopod Cubaris murina was studied in the laboratory in order to observe the offspring number per brood, the number and duration of the incubation periods, and the influence of repeated mating on number of young per brood. An experiment was conducted with two different groups: female/male pairs and females that were isolated after mating. No significant difference was found between the two reproductive female groups for the mean number of young per brood (x = 25) and the duration of the incubation periods (x = 17 days). One mating was enough for at least five broods, with no reduction in brood size. There was no significant difference between the number of adult males and females. Low-density cultures had a significantly higher growth rate compared to high-density cultures. Furthermore, the experimental results for optimization isopod culture conditions for terrestrial ecotoxicity testing are reported.


A reprodução do isópodo Cubaris murina foi investigada em laboratório para observar: o número de filhotes por ninhada, número e duração dos períodos de incubação, e se repetidas cópulas influenciam o número de juvenis por ninhada. Um experimento foi conduzido com dois diferentes grupos: pares com uma fêmea e um macho e fêmeas mantidas individualmente depois da cópula. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois grupos de fêmeas em relação ao número de filhotes por ninhada (x = 25) e a duração dos períodos de incubação (x = 17 dias). Uma cópula foi suficiente para ao menos cinco ninhadas, sem redução em seu tamanho. A proporção sexual dos adultos de C. murina em laboratório não apresentou diferenças significativas entre a proporção de machos e fêmeas nos cultivos. A densidade influencia o crescimento dos isópodos de forma significativa: culturas com baixa densidade têm maior taxa de crescimento do que culturas com alta densidade. Os resultados experimentais sobre a eficiência dos cultivos em laboratório para ensaios ecotoxicológicos terrestres são apresentados.

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