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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(5): 601-606, Sept.-Oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656216

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: This study sought to describe the profile and geographic distribution of reported cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, from 2002 to 2009. METHODS: Human data were collected from the Brazilian National Information System for Notifiable Diseases. Canine cases and entomological data were obtained from the Information Service for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis Control/Campo Grande, MS. RESULTS: A total of 951 records from 2002 to 2009 were investigated. The number of reported cases of VL in males was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than that in females. The higher frequency observed among males was associated with age (p < 0.0001), which increased in individuals aged 40 years and older. The overall fatality rate was 7.4%. Entomological surveys conducted in 2006, 2007, and 2009 showed the insect vector Lutzomyia longipalpis to be present in all urban regions of the county. CONCLUSIONS: VL cases in humans and dogs, as well as in vectors, occurs in all urban regions of Campo Grande. Despite not observing tendencies of increase or reduction in the incidence of the disease due to aging, the major incidence in men is higher in those aged 40 years or above.


INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o perfil e a distribuição geográfica de casos notificados de leishmaniose visceral, na Cidade de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brasil, entre os anos de 2002 e 2009. MÉTODOS: Os dados de casos humanos foram obtidos a partir da Ficha de Notificação do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação. Os casos caninos e dados entomológicos foram obtidos do Sistema de Controle de Leishmaniose/Campo Grande, MS. RESULTADOS: Foram notificados 951 casos de leishmaniose visceral entre 2002 e 2009. A ocorrência destes nos indivíduos do sexo masculino foi significativamente maior (p<0,0001) do que nos do sexo feminino. Essa superioridade na frequência de notificações em homens associou-se à idade (p<0,0001), sendo mais intensa nos indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos. O coeficiente de letalidade foi de 7,4%. O levantamento entomológico feito em 2006, 2007 e 2009 demonstrou dispersão do vetor em todas as regiões urbanas do município com captura de L. longipalpis nos três anos. CONCLUSÕES: Casos de LV em humanos e em cães assim como o vetor ocorrem em todas as regiões urbanas Campo Grande. Embora não haja tendência de aumento, nem de redução na incidência da doença à medida que a idade dos indivíduos aumenta, a superioridade na incidência em homens é maior no grupo de pessoas com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Male , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Psychodidae/parasitology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Incidence , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 107(3): 396-401, May 2012. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-624022

ABSTRACT

The relationships between environmental exposure to risk agents and health conditions have been studied with the aid of remote sensing imagery, a tool particularly useful in the study of vegetation cover. This study aims to evaluate the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of the abundance of Lutzomyia longipalpis and the reported canine and human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases at an urban area of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The sandfly captures were performed in 13 residences that were selected by raffle considering four residences or collection station for buffer. These buffers were generated from the central house with about 50, 100 and 200 m from it in an endemic area of VL. The abundance of sandflies and human and canine cases were georreferenced using the GIS software PCI Geomatica. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and percentage of land covered by vegetation were the environmental variables extracted from a remote sensing IKONOS-2 image. The average NDVI was considered as the complexity of habitat and the standard deviation as the heterogeneity of habitat. One thousand three hundred sixty-seven specimens were collected during the catch. We found a significant positive linear correlation between the abundance of sandflies and the percentage of vegetation cover and average NDVI. However, there was no significant association between habitat heterogeneity and the abundance of these flies.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Male , Ecosystem , Insect Vectors/physiology , Psychodidae/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/transmission , Endemic Diseases , Geographic Information Systems , Housing , Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Psychodidae/classification , Risk Factors , Seasons , Urban Population
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 40(4): 420-425, jul.-ago. 2007. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-460248

ABSTRACT

O município de Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, apresenta ocorrência de casos humanos e caninos de leishmaniose visceral desde 2002 e é classificado como área com transmissão intensa. O estudo foi realizado no período de maio de 2003 a abril de 2005, em parceria com a Fundação Nacional de Saúde e a Secretaria de Saúde do Estado, com o objetivo de conhecer o comportamento e a sazonalidade da espécie Lutzomyia longipalpis. As capturas foram realizadas com armadilhas luminosas, tipo CDC, em doze estações distribuídas na zona urbana. As estações com maior densidade situam-se na parte sul da cidade e a abundância relativa aumentou durante, ou logo após, as precipitações pluviométricas. Nos meses frios e secos a quantidade foi reduzida e a abundância relativa foi maior no peridomicílio. A borrifação com alphacypermetrina, em intervalos de quatro meses, contribuiu para a diminuição do vetor em três das quatro estações borrifadas e, das oito que não sofreram intervenção química, cinco tiveram aumento.


The municipality of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, has presented cases of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis since 2002, and is classified as an area of intense transmission. This study was carried out from May 2003 to April 2005, in partnership with the National Health Foundation and the State Health Department, with the objective of determining the behavior and seasonality of the species Lutzomyia longipalpis. Captures were accomplished using luminous traps of CDC type, at twelve stations distributed in the urban zone. The stations with the highest population densities were situated in the southern part of the city and the relative abundance increased during or immediately after rainfall. During the cold and dry months, the number of specimens was reduced and the relative abundance was higher in habitats surrounding homes. Spraying with alpha-cypermethrin at four-month intervals contributed towards reducing the vector numbers in three of the four sprayed stations. Among the eight stations that did not receive chemical interventions, five showed an increase.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Male , Insect Vectors/physiology , Psychodidae/physiology , Brazil , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Psychodidae/classification , Seasons
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