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1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 96(5): 593-599, Set.-Dec. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1135069

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with leprosy in children who were intradomiciliary contacts of notified adults with the disease in an endemic municipality in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Method: Case-control study with 204 children under 15 years of age, living in an endemic municipality. Cases (n = 40) were considered as the children with leprosy registered at the National Information System of Notifiable Diseases in 2014 and 2015, who were intradomiciliary contacts of at least one adult diagnosed with the disease in the family, and as a control group (n = 164) of children living within a radius of up to 100 m of the notified cases. Data were obtained through medical file analysis, interviews, and blood samples for anti-PGL-I serological test by the ELISA method. The binary logistic regression technique was used, with p ≤ 0.05. Results: After adjustments, the following were associated with leprosy: age (95% CI: 1.24-9.39, p = 0.018), area of residence (95% CI: 1.11-6.09, p = 0.027), waste disposal (95% CI: 1.91-27.98, p = 0.004), family history of the disease (95% CI: 3.41-22.50, p = 0.000), and time of residence (95% CI: 1.45-7.78, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Factors associated with the disease indicate greater vulnerability of children aged 8-14 years, associated with living conditions and time of residence, as well as the family history of the disease.


Resumo Objetivos: Analisar os fatores associados à hanseníase em crianças contatos intradomiciliares de adultos notificados com a doença em município endêmico, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Método: Estudo caso-controle com 204 menores de 15 anos residentes em um município endêmico. Consideraram-se casos (n = 40) crianças registradas com hanseníase no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação em 2014 e 2015 e que eram contatos intradomiciliares de pelo menos um adulto diagnosticado com a doença na família e como grupo controle (n = 164) crianças residentes a um raio de 100 metros dos casos notificados. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de análise de prontuários, entrevistas e coleta de amostras de sangue para investigação sorológica do anti-PGL-I pelo método Elisa. Usou-se a técnica de regressão logística binária e p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Mostraram-se associados à hanseníase após ajustes: idade (IC 95%: 1,24-9,39; p = 0,018), zona de residência (IC 95%: 1,11-6,09; p = 0,027), destino de lixo (IC 95%: 1,91-27,98; p = 0,004), história da doença na família (IC 95%: 3,41-22,50; p = 0,000) e tempo de moradia (IC 95%: 1,45-7,78; p = 0,005). Conclusão: Os fatores associados à doença indicam maior vulnerabilidade em menores de 8 a 14 anos, ligadas as condições e ao tempo de moradia, bem como a história da doença na família.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Leprosy/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Case-Control Studies , Housing
2.
Hansen. int ; 44: 1-14, 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, CONASS, HANSEN, HANSENIASE, SESSP-ILSLPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1224203

ABSTRACT

A hanseníase afeta os nervos periféri-cos e a pele levando a ocorrência de incapacidades na ausência de tratamento específico oportuno. Portanto, parâmetros sorológicos são necessários para intervenções terapêuticas precoces. A detecção de anticorpos contra o glicolipídio fenólico I (PGL-I) é amplamente empregada no diagnóstico e classificação clínica, enquanto a proteína Leprosy IDRI Diagnostic (LID)-1 foi desenhada com a intenção de melhorar o diagnóstico de pacien-tes paucibacilares. Posteriormente, este antígeno foi conjugado com o na-tural dissacarídeo ligado ao radical oc-til (ND-O) do PGL-I, originando o NDO--LID, para aumentar sua sensibilidade. Nesta revisão, avaliamos 16 estudos, comparando a performance desses três antígenos (PGL-I, LID-1 e NDO--LID) para diagnóstico da hanseníase e avaliação de contatos domiciliares. Verificamos grande variação quanto às populações envolvidas, tamanho das amostras, classificação clínica dos pacientes e metodologia utilizada, dificultando a comparação. Entre os pacientes multibacilares, a positividade anti-PGL-I variou de 54,0 a 96,0%, en-quanto para LID-1 foi de 47,4 a 94,8% e para NDO-LID apresentou níveis de 60,0 a 98,9%. Nos pacientes paucibacilares, a positividade variou de 6,4 a 52,9% quando PGL-I foi utilizado, 4,0 a 60% contra LID-1 e 16,0 a 63,6% frente ao NDO-LID. Para os contatos domiciliares, as respostas anti-PGL-I, LID-1 e NDO-LID foram 13,2%, 21,7% e 22,9%, respectivamente. O antígeno NDO-LID apresentou maior sensibilidade na maioria dos estudos refletindo seu potencial como ferramenta para o diagnóstico da hanseníase, principalmente em pacientes MB, entretanto, o reconhecimento desse antígeno por contatos domiciliares saudáveis reforça o valor da avaliação clínica para o diagnóstico da hanseníase.(au)


Leprosy affects skin and peripheral nerves bringing several disabilities in absence of specific treatment. So that, effective diagnostic tools are required for early therapeutic interventions. Detection of antibodies against phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) is widely employed in the diagnosis and clinical classification while the leprosy IDRI diagnostic (LID-1) protein was designed to improve the diagnosis of paucibacillary patients. More recently, this synthetic antigen was conjugated with the natural octyl disaccharide (ND-O) of PGL-I, originating the NDO-LID in order to increase its sensitivity. Here, we evaluate 16 studies, comparing the performance of these three antigens (PGL-I, LID-1 and NDO-LID) for leprosy diagnosis and evaluation of the household contacts. We verified among the different studies high variation regarding to population involved, sample size, clinical classification of patients and methodology used, making difficult the comparison. Among multibacillary patients, anti-PGL-I positivity ranged from 54.0 to 96.0%, while for LID-1 it was between 47.4 to 94.8% and for NDO-LID presented levels from 60 to 98.9%. In paucibacillary patients, responsiveness ranged from 6.4 to 52.9% when PGL-I was used, 4.0 to 60% against LID-1 and 16.0 to 63.6% if NDO-LID was employed. For household contacts, the responseanti-PGL-I, LID-1 and NDO-LID was13.2%, 21.7% and 22.9%, respectively.NDO-LID antigen showed higher sensitivity in most studies reflecting its potential as tool for leprosy diagnosis, mainly of MB patients, however, the recognition of this antigen by healthy household contact reinforces the value of the clinical evaluation to leprosy diagnosis.(au)


Subject(s)
Leprosy/diagnosis , Serologic Tests , Contact Tracing , Antigens
3.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 12(supl.1): 118-120, 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-528779

ABSTRACT

A systematic investigation on the trypanocidal effect of several natural products isolated from Brazilian plant species has been carried out. In this paper we report on the results obtained from the screening of 26 diterpenes from natural sources or of synthetic/microbial transformations origin (mainly derivatives of kaurenoic acid) against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas'disease. In the in vitro assays, kaurenoic acid, kaurenol, acutifloric acid and stemodin showed a complete elimination of parasites from the blood. Therefore, such diterpenoids can be considered as starting materials for molecular modification in the search for lead compounds for clearance of infected blood to be used in transfusions. Blood previously treated with active compounds was submitted to an infectivity test. Samples proceeded from treatment with kaurenol and kaurenoic acid showed to be completly clean from T. cruzi as no infection was observed in mice inoculated with contaminated blood treated by these compounds.

4.
Hansen. int ; 22(2): 44-9, jul.-dez. 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-222032

ABSTRACT

Os poucos estudos já publicados sobre a determinaçäo de fenótipo secretor dos antígenos ABH na saliva de hansenianos têm demonstrado näo haver uma correlaçäo significativa entre estas substâncias e a suscetibilidade à doença. No presente estudo avaliamos 74 pacientes, sendo 27 virchovianos, 23 tuberculóides e 24 dimorfos, quanto à presença de antíngenos ABH nos eritrócitos e na saliva, pela reaçäo de aglutinaçäo em tubo e inibiçäo de aglutinaçäo. A frequência dos grupos sanguineos ABO e do fenótipo secretor e näo secretor nestes pacientes e no grupo controle foram: O= 40,5(por cento) 49(por cento); AB= 6,8(por cento) 3,6(por cento) e näo secretor= 31,1(por cento) 17,5(por cento). Analisando-se os resultados apresentados nos hansenianos, observamos que näo houve antígenos ABH pesquisados nos eritrócitos e na saliva


Subject(s)
Phenotype , Antigens/analysis , Leprosy , ABO Blood-Group System/analysis , Saliva , Erythrocytes
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