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1.
Clinics ; 70(1): 1-6, 1/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735869

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound with a second-generation contrast agent in distinguishing between occlusion and pseudo-occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery, comparing it with that of conventional Doppler ultrasound and the gold standard, computed tomography angiography. METHOD: Between June 2006 and June 2012, we screened 72 symptomatic vascular surgery outpatients at a public hospital. Among those patients, 78 cervical internal carotid arteries were previously classified as occluded by Doppler ultrasound (without contrast). The patients were examined again with Doppler ultrasound, as well as with contrast-enhanced ultrasound and computed tomography angiography. The diagnosis was based on the presence or absence of flow. RESULTS: Among the 78 cervical internal carotid arteries identified as occluded by Doppler ultrasound, occlusion was confirmed by computed tomography angiography in only 57 (73.1%), compared with 59 (77.5%) for which occlusion was confirmed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (p>0.5 vs. computed tomography angiography). Comparing contrast-enhanced ultrasound with Doppler ultrasound, we found that the proportion of cervical internal carotid arteries classified as occluded was 24.4% higher when the latter was used (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that, in making the differential diagnosis between occlusion and pseudo-occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery, contrast-enhanced ultrasound with a second-generation contrast agent is significantly more effective than conventional Doppler ultrasound and is equally as effective as the gold standard (computed tomography angiography). Our findings suggest that contrast-enhanced ultrasound could replace computed tomography angiography in this regard. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Contrast Media , Carotid Artery, Internal , Carotid Artery, Internal , Carotid Stenosis , Carotid Stenosis , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods , Angiography/methods , Diagnosis, Differential , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
3.
Clinics ; 66(2): 267-274, 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-581513

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this retrospective study is to analyze and compare the results of conventional surgical repair and endovascular treatment of blunt aortic injury over the past 8 years. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (25 male; mean age, 35 years) were treated for blunt aortic injury between April 2001 and March 2009 in a university hospital in Brazil. Twenty-six patients were included in the study: five were treated with operative repair (OR) and 21 with endovascular treatment (TEVAR). Two patients were excluded from analysis: one was managed conservatively, and one was treated with endovascular treatment for chronic dissection related to aortic trauma. RESULTS: Mean age was lower in the OR group than in the endovascular treatment group (17.8 vs. 38 years, P = .003). There was one death in the OR group and four deaths in the endovascular treatment group. Mean follow-up for the overall group was 33.6 months, with 48.7 months (range 8-83 months) for the OR group, and 29.8 months (range 2-91 months) for the TEVAR group. Mean time elapsed from injury to repair was 23.4 hours (range 8-48 h, median 20 h) for the OR group and 30.3 hours (range 2-240 h, median 18 h) for the TEVAR group (P = .374). The duration of surgery was shorter in the endovascular treatment group (142 versus 237 minutes; P = .005). There were no significant differences with respect to the number of postoperative days requiring mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU stay or duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective analysis, endovascular treatment was a safe method for repair of blunt aortic trauma, with immediate and midterm results that were comparable to those results obtained with operative repair. No complications from the stent graft were identified during follow-up. Nevertheless, long-term follow-up is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of this treatment.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Aorta, Thoracic/injuries , Aorta, Thoracic/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/surgery , Brazil , Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/mortality
5.
J. vasc. bras ; 10(4,supl.2): 1-32, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-623421

ABSTRACT

São apresentadas, nessa separata, as principais orientações sobre a atenção às complicações do pé diabético. A neuropatia, com suas diversas apresentações que acometem os membros inferiores dos diabéticos, as lesões da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), as múltiplas apresentações da infecção do pé diabético, e, principalmente, os cuidados preventivos que possam impedir o estabelecimento ou a evolução dessas complicações são tratados de forma sistemática e simplificada, visando a atenção integral desses doentes. Especial cuidado é dado às orientações diferenciadas para os diversos níveis de atenção nos serviços públicos de saúde, porta de entrada virtual de 80% dos infelizes portadores dessa complicação. São aqui apresentados modelos de atenção e sugeridos protocolos que podem contribuir para a efetiva redução do número de amputações, internações e óbitos de diabéticos com complicações nos membros inferiores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/surgery , Peripheral Vascular Diseases , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/rehabilitation , Diabetic Neuropathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Neuropathies/prevention & control , Diabetic Neuropathies/blood , Diabetic Foot/therapy , Foot Ulcer/pathology , Foot Ulcer/prevention & control , Foot Ulcer/therapy , Amitriptyline/administration & dosage , Amputation, Surgical/rehabilitation , Lower Extremity/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Risk Factors , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods
7.
Clinics ; 63(1): 67-70, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-474930

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To measure the pulsatility of human aneurysms before and after complete exclusion with an endograft. METHOD: Five aortic aneurysms obtained during necropsy were submitted to pulsatile perfusion before and after implantation of a bifurcated endograft. The specimens were contained in a closed chamber filled with saline solution. A vertical tube attached to the chamber was used to measure volume dislocation in each systole. Mural thrombus was kept intact, and the space around the device was filled with human blood. After each experiment, the aneurysm was opened to check for the correct positioning and attachment of the device. RESULTS: The level of the saline column oscillated during pulsation in each case, with respective amplitudes of 17, 16, 13, 7, and 25 cm before the endograft insertion. After the insertion, the amplitudes dropped to 13, 12, 9, 3.5, and 23 cm, respectively. The differences were not significant. During the post-experimental examination, all devices were found to be in position and well attached to the neck and iliacs. No endoleak was detected during perfusion or by visual inspection. CONCLUSION: Pulsation of an endograft is transmitted to the aneurysm wall even in the absence of endoleak, and should not be interpreted as procedural failure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/physiopathology , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Pulsatile Flow/physiology , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Cadaver
8.
Clinics ; 61(2): 107-112, Apr. 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-426290

ABSTRACT

Os aneurismas da artéria poplítea são freqüentes e estão associados a eventos trombo-embólicos que podem acarretar isquemia grave com risco de perda da extremidade inferior acometida. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução clínica dos pacientes e ultra-sonográfica dos aneurismas de artéria poplítea excluídos pela técnica de Edwards. MÉTODO: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes com diagnóstico de aneurisma da artéria poplítea operados no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, no período compreendido entre os anos de 1996 a 2004. Foram incluídos os pacientes submetidos à exclusão do aneurisma pela técnica de Edwards e que possuíam diâmetro transverso máximo do aneurisma mensurado no período pré e pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Dezesseis pacientes foram submetidos a correção cirúrgica de 20 aneurismas. O diâmetro do aneurisma no período pré-operatório variou entre 1,3 cm a 6,1 cm (média 3,1cm). O controle ultrasonográfico foi realizado em intervalo de 1 mês a 7 anos do procedimento cirúrgico. Houve diminuição do diâmetro do aneurisma de artéria poplítea em 10/20 extremidades (variação de 0,2 cm a 2,3 cm), aumento em 7/20 (variação de 0,3 cm a 3,3 cm) e estabilidade em 3/20. Observou-se a ocorrência de fluxo no saco aneurismático em 5 dentre os 20 procedimentos. Destes, três apresentaram crescimento do mesmo (60% dos casos com fluxo). CONCLUSÃO: Esta amostra de pacientes, sem rotura ou sinais e sintomas de compressão, associada à análise da literatura, demonstra que o seguimento estreito do aneurisma excluído é necessário.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aneurysm/surgery , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Aneurysm , Popliteal Artery , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies
9.
São Paulo med. j ; 123(6): 292-294, Nov.-Dec. 2005. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-420123

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A isquemia do membro superior não é tão comum quanto a isquemia do membro inferior, mas quando não diagnosticada ou diagnosticada de forma errada determina grave seqüela e até perda da extremidade. RELATO DE CASO: O caso de uma paciente com isquemia do membro superior, devida a disostose cleidocraniana, é apresentado. Esta é uma causa extremamente rara de compressão do segmento arterial subclávio-axilar que evoluiu para trombose arterial. Somente dois casos foram previamente relatados na literatura com esta condição e nesta forma de apresentação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Arm/blood supply , Cleidocranial Dysplasia/genetics , Ischemia/etiology , Axillary Vein , Cleidocranial Dysplasia/complications , Subclavian Artery
10.
J. vasc. bras ; 4(3): 255-264, set. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-448098

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar como pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica têm sido tratados, em nosso meio, com relação aos fatores de risco e comorbidades. MÉTODO: Questionário sobre pesquisa e tratamento da dislipidemia, diabetes, exercício, uso de anti-plaquetários, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial no paciente com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica foi aplicado entre os médicos presentes na reunião mensal de março de 2004 da Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular - Regional São Paulo. RESULTADOS: Dos 102 questionários distribuídos, 75 foram respondidos (taxa de resposta de 73,5 por cento). Entre os consultados, 82 por cento pesquisam rotineiramente perfil lipídico e 20 por cento visam alvo de LDL-colesterol abaixo de 100 mg/dl; 94 por cento realizam pesquisa para diabetes melito; 97 por cento recomendam exercício; 79 por cento prescrevem aspirina; 97 por cento aconselham que os pacientes parem de fumar e 60 por cento se restringem ao aconselhamento isoladamente; 18 por cento não realizam a medida da pressão arterial durante a consulta e 19 por cento visam alvo pressórico de 130 x 80 mmHg. Considerando todas as avaliações em conjunto - intervenção no estilo de vida, no sentido de parar de fumar, orientação de exercícios, uso de anti-plaquetários, realização de pesquisa para diabetes melito, controle rigoroso da pressão arterial e lípides - observou-se que 7 por cento dos entrevistados seguem todas essas recomendações como uma rotina estabelecida. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo demonstrou que, em nosso meio, a pesquisa e o tratamento dos fatores de risco e comorbidades nos pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica estão sendo sub-realizados.


OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this survey was to evaluate how patients with peripheral obstructive arterial disease have been treated, concerning risk factors and comorbidities. METHOD: A questionnaire was applied to all physicians attending the monthly meeting of the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery - São Paulo Section. Questions were asked about the following major risk factors: treatment of dyslipidemia, diabetes, exercise regimens, antiplatelet therapy, smoking and arterial hypertension. RESULTS: Of the 102 questionnaires, 75 were answered (response rate of 73.5 percent). Of these, 82 percent routinely measure cholesterol levels and 20 percent aim at an LDL cholesterol target below 100 mg/dl; 94 percent perform a screening for diabetes mellitus; 97 percent recommend patients to an exercise program; 79 percent prescribe aspirin; 97 percent recommend patients to quit smoking and 60 percent only do it by counseling; 18 percent do not measure blood pressure and 19 percent have a target pressure of 130 x 80 mmHg. Considering the recommendations as a whole - lifestyle intervention in order to quit smoking, aerobic exercise, prescription of antiplatelet therapy, screening for diabetes mellitus, rigorous control of blood pressure and lipids - it was observed that 7 percent of interviewees follow all of them as an established routine. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that patients with peripheral arterial disease are currently undertreated with regard to the screening and treatment of risk factors and comorbidities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arteriosclerosis/complications , Arteriosclerosis/diagnosis , Intermittent Claudication/complications , Intermittent Claudication/therapy , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Exercise/physiology , Risk Factors , Hypertension/complications
12.
J. vasc. bras ; 3(2): 95-101, jun. 2004. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-414489

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar relevantes aspectos anatômico-morfológicos dos aneurismas da aorta abdominal encontrados em necropsia. Método: Foram estudados 43 espécies compreendendo a aorta abdominal aneurismática. Para restabelecer o diâmetro arterial e a morfologia do aneurisma, um dispositivo que permite a distensão da parede arterial com pressão controlada foi introduzido na luz arterial. As medidas feitas nos espécimes consistiram de diâmetro transverso (látero-lateral e ântero-posterior), comprimento do aneurisma, diâmetro transverso e comprimento do colo proximal e distal...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology , Autopsy
13.
J. vasc. bras ; 1(2): 89-96, set. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-364723

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência das anormalidades do diâmetro da aorta infra-renal encontradas em necropsia e prevalência dos óbitos de origem cardiovascular entre os portadores de anomalias do diâmettro arterial e a população testemunho de amostra.Métodos:Entre os anos de 1992 e 1995, foram dissecadas as aortas abdominais de 645 indivíduos submetidos a necropsia, analisando-se as variações do diâmetro arterial nesse segmento. A fim de não subestimar o diâmetro aórtico, foi criado um dispositivo que distende a parede da aorta com pressão intraluminal controlada. Quanto ao diâmetro, as aortas foram consideradas normais, com aneurisma, ectasia, arteriomegalia ou hipoplasia.Resultados: Foram encontrados 29 (4,5 por cento) aneurismas, sendo 25 íntegros, com diâmetro inferior a 5,0 cm, e quatro rotos, com diâmetro superior a 5,0 cm. Dezenove (2,9 por cento) aortas apresentavam ectasia, 10 (1,6 por cento) arteriomegalia e nenhuma apresentava hipoplasia. Os óbitos por doenças cardiovasculares foram mais freqüentes nos indivíduos portadores de aneurismas da aorta do que no grupo testemunho (p<0,05).Conclusões: A prevalência das anomalias do diâmetro aórtico infrarenal é alta em uma população submetida a necropsia. As dilatações aórticas identificam um grupo de indivíduos com alta probabilidade de óbito por doença cardiovascular...


Subject(s)
Humans , Aneurysm , Aorta, Abdominal , Dissection , Prevalence
14.
São Paulo med. j ; 119(4): 150-153, July 2001. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-302322

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Primary aortoenteric fistulas usually result from erosion of the bowel wall due to an associated abdominal aortic aneurysm. A few patients have been described with other etiologies such as pseudoaneurysm originating from septic aortitis caused by Salmonella. OBJECTIVE: To present a rare clinical case of pseudoaneurysm caused by septic aortitis that evolved into an aortoenteric fistula. CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old woman was admitted with Salmonella bacteremia that evolved to septic aortitis. An aortic pseudoaneurysm secondary to the aortitis had eroded the transition between duodenum and jejunum, and an aortoenteric fistula was formed. In the operating room, the affected aorta and intestinal area were excised and an intestine-to-intestine anastomosis was performed. The aorta was sutured and an axillofemoral bypass was carried out. In the intensive care unit, the patient had a cardiac arrest that evolved to death


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aortic Diseases , Aortitis , Intestinal Fistula , Aneurysm, False , Sepsis , Fistula , Aorta , Aortic Diseases , Aortitis , Intestinal Fistula , Aneurysm, False , Fistula
15.
São Paulo med. j ; 118(1): 13-6, Jan. 2000.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-255041

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Surgical treatment of carotid body paragangliomas is a challenge to the surgeon because of the large vascularization of the tumor, involvement of the carotid vessels and the close anatomical relationship with the cranial nerves. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old patient was submitted to resection of two carotid body paraganglioma tumors found in the right-side and left-side carotid bodies at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries. Two surgeries were performed at different times and neither of them presented any morbidity. Arteriography was fundamental for diagnosis of the small, asymptomatic tumor on the right side. DESIGN: Case Report


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carotid Body/surgery , Carotid Body Tumor/surgery , Carotid Arteries , Carotid Body , Carotid Body Tumor/diagnosis , Intraoperative Complications
16.
Rev. med. (Säo Paulo) ; 78(3): 364-70, mar.-abr. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-256410

ABSTRACT

Os paragangliomas do corpo carotideo, embora raros, despertam grande interesse na clinica cirurgica devido as caracteristicas peculiares desta afeccao. O corpo carotideo atua como quimiorreceptor (formado por celulas paraganglionares), respondendo as variacoes do teor sanguineo de O2 e CO2. Embriologicamente o corpo carotideo desenvolve-se do mesenquima do terceiro e quarto arcos branquiais e elementos neurais originados da crista ectodermica. A malignidade destes tumores e definida pela presenca de metastases para linfonodos ou orgaos a distancia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Paraganglioma/surgery , Carotid Body/surgery , Paraganglioma/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
17.
Acta oncol. bras ; 7(2): 91-95, maio-ago. 1987. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-42114

ABSTRACT

A utilizaçäo de quimioterapia intensificou o uso de cateteres totalmente implantáveis. Esta análise consiste de 34 pacientes acompanhados por um ano e seis meses, nos quais se utilizaram 36 cateteres. Considera-se falhas: infecçäo (3), ulceraçäo (2) e obstruçäo (1). A análise dos resultados mostrou 94% de funcionalidade no 1ª mês, 87% no 2ª mês, 83% do 3ª ao 6ª mês e, a partir daí, situou-se em 77%


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Catheterization/methods , Drug Therapy/methods
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