ABSTRACT
A epidemia da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) aumentou a prevalência, multiresistência e formas disseminadas da tuberculose. O acometimento neurológico da tuberculose apresenta elevada morbidade e mortalidade, classificando-se em formas difusas (meningite) e localizadas (tuberculoma e abscesso). Relatamos três casos de tuberculomas cerebrais em pacientes com AIDS: um deles com diagnóstico definitivo, confirmado com histopatologia e dois com diagnóstico provável, baseado em informação clínica, radiológica, isolamento de Mycobaterium tuberculosis fora do sistema nervoso central e adequada resposta ao tratamento tuberculostático. Discutimos também aspectos diagnósticos, terapêuticos e prognósticos dos tuberculomas, enfatizando suas diferenças com os abscesos tuberculosos cerebrais. Apesar de serem relatados de forma infreqüente, os tuberculomas devem sempre ser considerados no diagnóstico diferencial das lesões expansivas cerebrais em pacientes com AIDS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/drug therapyABSTRACT
Tuberculous brain abscesses in AIDS patients are considered rare with only eight cases reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 34-year-old woman with AIDS and previous toxoplasmic encephalitis who was admitted due to headache and seizures. A brain computed tomography scan disclosed a frontal hypodense lesion with a contrast ring enhancement. Brain abscess was suspected and she underwent a lesion puncture through a trepanation. The material extracted was purulent and the acid-fast smear was markedly positive. Timely medical and surgical approaches allowed a good outcome. Tuberculous abscesses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of focal brain lesions in AIDS patients. Surgical excision or stereotactic aspiration, and antituberculous treatment are the mainstay in the management of these uncommon lesions
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Brain Abscess , Tuberculoma, Intracranial , Brain Abscess , Drainage , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculoma, IntracranialABSTRACT
Bacteremia due to non-typhi Salmonella is more frequent in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, focal complications have been rarely described. We report a case of liver abscess due to Salmonella enteritidis in an HIV-infected patient who recently returned to Sao Paulo, Brazil, from a trip in the Caribbean. A good clinical and radiological response was seen with both percutaneous catheter drainage and antibiotic treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first culture proven case of non-typhi Salmonellaliver abscess in an HIV-infected patient in Brazil