Effect of strength training versus raloxifene on bone weight, blood glucose, lipid and antioxidant profile in ovariectomized rats

We compared the effect of the treatment with strength training (ST) and raloxifene (RALOX) on bone weight, blood glucose, lipid, and antioxidant profile in ovariectomized rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: ovariectomy + VEHICLE (control); ovariectomy + RALOX; ovariectomy + ST; ovariectomy + RALOX + ST. Thirty days after ovariectomy, the animals underwent the treatment with RALOX (750 µcg day-1) and/or ST (three sessions week-1). Thirty days after, all groups were scarified, tibia and femur were weighed, and the blood was collected for analysis of the lipid profile, glucose, and antioxidants catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH). The ST group showed greater femur weight (0.82 ± 0.18 g) and RALOX + ST had greater tibia weight (0.61± 0.17 g) than CONTROL with femur weight of 0.65 ± 0.08 g and tibia of 0.49 ± 0.08 g with no differences between treatments (p > 0.05). ST group showed significantly higher catalase (181.7 ± 15.4 µM g-1) compared to the other groups. In contrast, the GSH value was lower in ST group (89.2 ± 8.1 µM g-1) compared to RALOX (175.9 ± 17.1 µM g-1) and RALOX + ST (162.8 ± 12.1 µM g-1), but the values of these two groups did not differ from CONTROL(115.3 ± 21.1 µM g-1). Total cholesterol did not differ between groups (p > 0.05), but exercise alone(54.3 ± 2.5 mg dL-1) or with RALOX (53.0 ± 1.5 mg dL-1) resulted in higher HDL cholesterol than CONTROL (45.5 ± 2.5 mg dL-1). Only RALOX+ST presented lower glucose (140.3 ± 9.7 mg dL-1) values than CONTROL (201.7 ± 30.6 mg dL-1). In conclusion, ST promotes similar benefits on bone and metabolic parameters compared to pharmacological treatment in ovariectomized rats.(AU)

Influence of menopause on body fat induced by aerobic training

AIMS :to compare the influence of menopause on body fat, induced by a physical training program. METHODS: Twenty-one sedentary women, 10 postmenopausal (MN; 54.6 ± 5.1 years, 42.9 ± 4.1 % body fat) and 11 in the ovulatory state (OS; 35.1 ± 5.4 years, 44.1 ± 5.5 % body fat), performed a training program with aerobic exercise (12 weeks, five times / week, 60 minutes per session). Before and after this program, the following measurements were taken: sum of skin fold (∑D), body fat percentage (%F), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and abdominal circumference (AC). RESULTS: MN and OS significantly reduced ΣD (38.5 ± 25.1 mm and 27.7 ± 19.4 mm, respectively), but without differences between the groups. MN group women obtained relative reduction in the suprailiac fold, significantly greater than OS (25 ± 10 vs. 11.5 ± 12 mm), and also a greater reduction in the %F (13.5 ± 8% vs. 6.6 ± 6%). There were very slight reductions in WHR in both groups (0.009 ± 0.02 and 0.005 ± 0.03 in MN and OS, respectively), as well as AC (reduction of 3.5 ± 3 cm and 3.9 ± 2.9 cm for MN and OS), with no differences between groups. CONCLUSION: The postmenopausal women responded to a training program with a greater reduction of body fat, but in only one of four evaluated body composition variables.(AU)

Chá Verde Atenua a Hipotensão Induzida por Exercício: Um Estudo Randomizado, Placebo-Controlado / Green Tea Attenuates Hypotension Induced by Physical Exercise: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study

Fundamentos: Estudos mostram que a administração crônica de chá verde reduz a pressão arterial (PA) de repouso, enquanto que uma única sessão de exercício também promove redução da PA. Objetivo: Investigar se uma única dose de chá verde antes da sessão de exercício melhora a hipotensão pós exercício (HPE). Métodos: Estudo randomizado, placebo-controlado, duplo cego. Quinze pacientes hipertensos (53 ± 3,3 anos) participaram de duas sessões: chá verde + exercício (CVE) e placebo + exercício (PLE). Trinta minutos após ingestão de 2 g de chá verde ou placebo, os pacientes realizaram 60 minutos de caminhada na esteira a 60-85% da frequência cardíaca máxima. A PA foi medida em repouso e a cada 10 minutos após o exercício por 60 minutos. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas antes da ingestão do chá verde ou placebo e imediatamente após o exercício para determinar as concentrações de malondialdeído (MDA) e nitrito (NO). Resultados: No dia PLE, a HPE foi detectada em todos os tempos pós-exercício (redução na PA de 6,5 a 11,8 mmHg), enquanto que no dia CVE, HPE ocorreu somente aos 20 e 40 minutos pós-exercício, respectivamente. A redução na pressão sanguínea foi significativamente maior no PLE aos 10, 20 e 30 minutos pós-exercício em comparação a CVE. Além disso, CVE causou uma resposta diastólica hipertensiva, enquanto no dia PLE, a HPE diastólica foi observada somente aos 20 minutos pós-exercício. Não foram observadas mudanças nas concentrações de MDA ou NO em resposta ao exercício. Conclusão: A suplementação com chá verde anterior a uma sessão de exercício aeróbico atenuou a HPE sistólica e induziu uma resposta hipertensiva ao exercício aeróbico em pacientes hipertensos

Background: Studies have shown that chronic administration of green tea decreases blood pressure (BP) at rest, while a single exercise session also promotes reduction of BP. Objective: To investigate whether if a single dose of green tea prior to aerobic exercise session improves post-exercise hypotension (PEH). Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Fifteen hypertensive patients (53 ± 3.3 years) participated in two study sessions: green tea+exercise (GTE) and placebo+exercise (PLE). Thirty minutes after ingesting 2g of green tea or placebo, they performed 60 minutes of treadmill walking at 60 to 85% of maximum heart rate. BP was measured at rest and at every 10 minutes after exercise for 60 minutes. Blood samples were taken before ingestion of green tea or placebo and immediately after exercise to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite (NO) concentrations. Results: On PLE day, systolic PEH was detected at all post-exercise time points (BP reduction by 6.5-11.8 mmHg), whereas on GTE day, PEH was found only at 20 and 40 minutes post-exercise (BP reduction by 5.9 and 5.8 mmHg, respectively). BP reduction was significantly higher in PLE at 10, 20 and 30 minutes post-exercise compared with GTE. In addition, GTE resulted in hypertensive diastolic response, while on PLE day, diastolic PEH was seen only at 20 minutes post-exercise. No changes in MDA or NO concentrations in response to exercise were observed. Conclusion: Green tea supplementation prior to an aerobic exercise session attenuated systolic PEH and induced diastolic hypertensive response to aerobic exercise in hypertensive patients

Influência de informações de saúde no estilo de vida de participantes de ginástica laboral / Influence of health information in stretch break participants' lifestyle / Influencia de las informaciones de salud en el estilo de vida de participantes de gimnasia laboral

Objetivo: Verificar a influência de informações de saúde no estilo de vida de participantes de ginástica laboral (GL). Métodos: Participaram 14 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, integrantes do programa de GL da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), nos quais se aplicaram, entre março e maio de 2010, avaliação antropométrica e entrevista semiestruturada. A análise quantitativa utilizou média, desvio padrão e frequências absolutas. Os dados qualitativos foram baseados na análise de conteúdo, emergindo três categorias: mudanças comportamentais na prática de exercícios físicos e alimentação, lembranças de informações repassadas na avaliação antropométrica e exercícios físicos preferidos. Resultados: Os sujeitos estavam pré-obesos (26,03 kg/m²), com risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e pré-hipertensão. Cinco aumentaram a prática de exercícios físicos (EF), cinco pretendiam passar a se exercitar, três mantiveram a prática de EF, um passou a realizar EF com seu cônjuge e, dos dois que começaram a se alimentar melhor, um não pretendia se exercitar. A caminhada foi praticada por seis indivíduos. Conclusão: A transmissão de dados salutares concisos provenientes de um programa de GL pode ter reflexos positivos no estilo de vida do colaborador, sendo a caminhada o exercício físico preferido pelos participantes investigados.

Objective: To verify the influence of health information on the lifestyle of stretch break (SB) participants. Methods: The study comprised 14 subjects of both sexes, members of the SB program of the Federal University of Paraiba (FUPB), who underwent, between March and May 2010, anthropometric evaluation and semi-structured interview. The quantitative analysis used mean, standard deviation, and absolute frequencies. The qualitative data was based on content analysis, emerging three categories: behavioural changes in the practice of physical exercise and eating, memories of information passed on the anthropometric measurements, and preferred exercise. Results: The subjects were pre-obesity (26.03 kg/m²), with increased risk of developing chronic noncommunicable diseases and pre-hypertension. Five of them increased the practice of physical exercise (PhE), five intended to start exercising, three continued the PhE practice, one began practicing PhE with his partner and, from those two who started to eat better, one did not intend to exercise. Walking was practiced by six individuals. Conclusion: Transmission of concise health information proceeding from a SB program may have positive reflexes in the worker?s lifestyle, and walking was the preferred modality of physical exercise among the investigated participants. Clinical trials register: NCT01943734

Objetivo: Verificar la influencia de las informaciones de salud en el estilo de vida de participantes de gimnasia laboral (GL). Métodos: Participaron 14 sujetos de ambos sexos integrantes Del programa de GL de la Universidad Federal de Paraíba (UFPB) em los cuales se aplicaron la evaluación antropométrica y entrevista semi-estructurada entre marzo y mayo de 2010. El análisis cuantitativo utilizó la media, desviación típica y frecuencias absolutas. Los datos cualitativos se basaron en el análisis de contenido emergiendo tres categorías: cambios de conducta en la práctica de ejercicios físicos y alimentares, recuerdos de informaciones repasadas en la evaluación antropométrica y ejercicios físicos preferidos. Resultados: Los sujetos eran preobesos (26,03 kg/m²), con riesgo aumentado en desarrollar enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles y pre-hipertensión. Cinco aumentaron la práctica de ejercicios físicos (EF), cinco intentaron empezar un EF, tres mantuvieron la práctica de EF, uno empezó a realizar EF con su compañero y de los dos que empezaron a alimentarse mejor, uno no tenía la intención de practicar EF. La caminata fue practicada por seis individuos. Conclusión: La transmisión de los datos saludables concisos de un programa de GL puede reflejar positivamente en el estilo de vida del colaborador, siendo la caminata el EF elegido por los participantes investigados.