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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(4): 288-296, ago. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-795892

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar las pacientes obstétricas críticamente enfermas asistidas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Obstétricos (UCIO) de la Maternidad "Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza" de Maracaibo, estado Zulia, durante 2011-2014. MÉTODOS: Investigación de tipo descriptiva con diseño retrospectivo, la cual incluyó una muestra por cuotas de todas las embarazadas críticamente enfermas que ingresaron en la UCIO; se analizaron las características asociadas a la morbilidad materna extrema y la mortalidad asociada a la misma. RESULTADOS: En el periodo estudiado, 0,74% (548/73.588) de todos los ingresos obstétricos ingresaron a la UCIO, principalmente debido a trastornos hipertensivos (53%), infecciones (23,27%) o hemorragias (13,79%). Entre los factores de riesgo encontrados destacan: edad entre 19-35 años (58,19%), procedencia rural (59,05%), bajos niveles educativos (>80% escolaridad menor a secundaria), concubinas (60,78%), control prenatal ausente o inadecuado (74,57%), multiparidad (37,93%), embarazo pretérminos (65,95%), realización de cesárea segmentaria (62,50%), presencia de enfermedad de la gestación (59,05%) e ingreso durante el puerperio (80,17%). Se encontró que la estancia hospitalaria en la UCIO fue corta (5,91±8,17 días), siendo las disfunciones más frecuentes la cardiovascular (50,43%), hematológica (41,37%) o respiratoria (31,46%). Se registraron 38 muertes maternas entre todas las pacientes con morbilidad materna extrema ingresadas a la UCIO, con una tasa de letalidad de 6,93%. CONCLUSIÓN: Si bien las pacientes obstétricas críticamente enfermas representan menos del 1% de todos los ingresos efectuados, contribuyeron con más de la mitad de la mortalidad materna registrada en la institución.


AIM: To characterize the critically ill obstetrical patients assisted in the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit (OICU) at the maternity "Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza" in Maracaibo, Zulia state, Venezuela, during 2011-2014. METHODS: A descriptive research with retrospective design was developed, which included a quota sample of all critically ill pregnant women who joined the OICU; the characteristics associated with extreme maternal morbidity and mortality associated with it were analyzed. RESULTS: In the study period, 0.74% (548/73,588) of all obstetric patients was admitted to the OICU, mainly due to hypertensive disorders (53%), infections (23.27%) or bleeding (13.79%). Among the risk factors found are: age between 19-35 years (58.19%), rural origin (59.05%), low educational levels (>80% lower secondary), concubines (60.78%), absent or inadequate prenatal care (74.57%), multiparity (37.93%), preterm pregnancy (65.95%), performing segmental cesarean section (62.50%), presence of gestation illness (59.05%) and income during the postpartum period (80.17%). It was found that the hospital stay in OICU was short (5.91±8.17 days); the most frequent dysfunctions were: cardiovascular (50.43%), hematological (41.37%) or respiratory (31.46%). Were recorded 38 maternal deaths among all patients with extreme maternal morbidity admitted to OICU, with a fatality rate of 6.93%. CONCLUSION: Although critically ill obstetric patients represent less than 1% of all obstetrics patients admitted made contributed more than half of maternal deaths recorded in the institution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy Complications/mortality , Venezuela/epidemiology , Maternal Mortality , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Critical Illness , Critical Care/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay , Obstetrics
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(3): 194-201, jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-788909

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de síndrome de HELLP (SH) en gestantes críticamente enfermas ingresadas a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Obstétricos (UCIO) de la Maternidad "Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza", de Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela, periodo 2011 a 2015. MÉTODOS: Investigación descriptiva con diseño retrospectivo, donde se revisaron las historias clínicas de gestantes ingresadas a la UCIO con diagnóstico de SH, analizándo sus características clínicas y epidemiológicas. RESULTADOS: Hubo una prevalencia del 13,60% (111/816), tasa de letalidad de 1,23% (10/8l6) y tasa de mortalidad materna específica de 15,08/100.000 nacidos vivos. Las características clínicas más prevalentes fueron: edad 25,8 ± 6,9 años, estancia en UCIO 4,76 ± 4,46 días, embarazos pretérminos 69,37%, antecedentes de abortos 24,32%, primíparas 42,34%, control prenatal ausente o inadecuado, embarazos simples 95,5%, preeclámpticas 67,57%, antecedentes de condiciones preexistentes 47,75%, sin hábitos como tabaco o alcohol 81,99%, ingresaron embarazadas 89,19% y cesárea 74,77%. Se diagnosticaron mayoritariamente casos de SH incompleto (56,76%), siendo las complicaciones más observadas la disfunción hematológica (98,2%), disfunción hepática (91,9%) y disfunción renal (70,3%). CONCLUSIÓN: La prevalencia de SH resultó más elevada que lo reportada en estudios nacionales e internacionales, presentando características clínicas y epidemiológicas que deben ser consideradas para su prevención y diagnóstico precoz.


AIMS: To determinate the prevalence of HELLP syndrome (HS) in critical pregnant women admitted to the Obstetrics Intensive Care Unit (OICU) of the "Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza", in Maracaibo, Zulia state, Venezuela, during 2011 to 2015. METHODS: A descriptive research with retrospective design was due, in which were reviewed the clinical files of all pregnant admit into the OICU complicated with HS, was analyzed establish the clinical and epidemiological features. RESULTS: We found a prevalence of 13.60% (111/816), fatality rate of 1.23% (10/816) and specific maternal mortality rate of 15.08/100,000 live births. The most prevalent clinical characteristics were: age 25.8 ± 6.9 years, stay in UCIO 4.76 ± 4.46 days, pre-terms pregnancies (69.37%), history of abortions (24.32%), primiparous (42.34%), absent or inadequate prenatal care, singleton pregnancies (95.50%), preeclampsia (67.57%), history of pre-existing conditions (47.75%), without habits such as tobacco or alcohol (81.99%), admitted pregnant (89.19%) and cesarean section (74.77%). Also, were mainly diagnosed cases of incomplete HS (56.76%); the most observed com-plications were hematologic dysfunction (98.2%), liver dysfunction (91.9%) and renal dysfunction (70.3%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HELLP syndrome was higher than reported in national and international studies, presenting clinical and epidemiological characteristics that should be considered for prevention and early diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , HELLP Syndrome/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Pre-Eclampsia , Venezuela , Maternal Mortality , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Longitudinal Studies , Morbidity , Gestational Age , HELLP Syndrome/mortality
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