ABSTRACT
Introduction: Health improvement, control of communicable diseases and increase in life expectancy among the elderly of developed and developing countries has greatly increased. Since the health care and social needs of older adults differ from that of other adults, it is necessary to identify the needs of the elderly in order to make proper plans that will promote their health. The aim of this paper is to critically review these researches
Methods: A comprehensive literature review on the needs assessment of elderly health was applied searching English and Persian databases in Pub Med, Science Direct, ProQuest, Elsevier, Magiran, ISC and using key words including, Health need, Assessment, Elderly, Aging, Older adults, Aged and Health care needs
Results: Initial search yielded 745 references, considering the inclusion criteria, 21 papers were reviewed. Results revealed that in conducting needs assessment, various methods and procedures in various health dimensions including physical health, mental health, emotional, care, social, cultural, economic, nutritional, service, security, legal and educational needs have been utilized. Some of the dimensions had been more explored and some rarely
Conclusion: Most of the conducted studies had mainly focused on the elderly physical health needs and had neglected to take in to account other needs such as social and health care needs. In order to comprehensively recognize the health needs of the elderly, identifying their health care and care services is also important. Furthermore, in addition to quantitative studies, discovering the older adults' perceptions of their own health needs is also necessary. It seems that the challenge ahead of managers, experts and researchers on elderly health is trying to design comprehensive mechanisms of health need assessment and considering it as a reference for any future planning
ABSTRACT
This study was performed to determine the effect of health education on the improvement of intake of fruits and vegetables aiming at preventing colorectal cancer among high school girls in the city of Shahr-e-kord. Colorectal cancer is one of the most important and most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Every year, nearly one million new cases of colorectal cancer are recognized around the world and nearly half of them lose their lives due to the disease. 130 students were randomly divided to two groups, which experimental [65] and controls [65] were chosen from the city of Shahr-e-kord for this experimental study. The instruments for data collecting were selfmade questionnaire health belief model based and food frequency questionnaire. The HBM FFQ questionnaires were completed before, immediately and two months after education by participants. After pre-test, 5 educational session classes in experimental group were performed. Finally, data collected and analyzed by SPSS16 computer software [Ttest, T-Paired, repeated measure ANOVA]. Findings of the study showed that before the intervention there was no significant differences between the scores of different structures of HBM model in two groups [P>0.05], after the intervention there was significant differences between experimental and control groups in the levels of knowledge, structures of HBM model and performance for preventing colorectal cancer [p<0.001]. Performing educational programs based on health belief model increases the knowledge and improves the attitudes and practices of students regarding prevention of the colorectal cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective[s]: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice in breast feeding mothers in the field of physical activities and related factors on exercises
Methods: Tow hundred breast feeding mothers referring health and treatment centers of Tehran have been random selected from five centers through the questionnaire and their knowledge, attitude and related factors on exercise were studied. Regarding practice, Global physical activity questionnaire from World Health organization was used evaluating the three fields of work, exercise, leisure time, going from one place to another, level of physical activity. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistical software after being collected
Results: According to the data from this research, 74.5% of mothers were highly aware while 80.5% had positive attitude toward exercising during lactation. In term of physical exercise only 14% were performing some type of sport activity. Regarding physical activity, 58% of the subjects had average physical activity among the total activities in all three fields. As well the study showed that the average physical activity among lactating mothers in the field of work was 38 min per day, going from one place to another using bicycle or walking for 15 min per day and 5 min per day of exercise in the field of sport activities. Among the most important factors of having no sport activity the reasons were having no enough time, having small children, giving no importance to sport activities and lack of exercise space for women respectively
Conclusion: However most of breast feeding mothers in this study had high knowledge and positive attitude toward the benefits of exercises during lactation, their activity level was so limited. So it is recommended that health employees, especially those in health and treatment centers should encourage mothers to perform and follow both health behaviors, namely exercise and breast feeding and arrange short term exercise plans for lactating mothers in post labor and lactation care services. Further researches on the effects of health training models on exercises in lactating mothers seem to be necessary
ABSTRACT
Aging is natural course of life which accompanied by changes of metabolism, The exchanges susceptible elderly to malnutrition in researched was do in this back ground about 3-13% of aged population involved to malnutrition that this rate increased to 30-60% in institulized elderly. In this study we assessed the effects of medical care staffs education on nutritional situation of elderly livid in KAHRIZAK charity Foundation in TEHRAN during 4 months. 192 elderly which lived in KCF and equal or older than 65 satisfied in including to this study randomely. [50 males and 142 females] although for inclusion they had not involved to an staged liver and renal disease and had not history of surgery during one month before initiated of study. We checked HB, HCT, LDL, NDL, FBS, CRP, ALB, Although assessed MNA, MMSE, ADL, Norton sore before and after educational intervention. Educational workshop operated for medical and nursing staffs of KCF during 3 days. Clinical and Para clinical assessments did 4 months, again, after that, and collected data entered to EXEL and analyzied by SPSS soft wares. Before educational intervention 35.9% of elderly had very severe or severe malnutrition that after intervention decreased to 18.3% mean of ALB, HB, HCT, LDL, F.B.S increased after intervention and significant [p<0/05]. Nutritional situation correlated to age, mouth and swallowing disorders, poly farmacy, cognitive condition, ADL score in eating and Norton scores significant. Base of this findings is concluded medical and nursing staffs nursinghomes has significant effects on decrease of moderate and Severe malnutrition in elderly. Education in this instated have to continue and not cross over like this study for significant Paraclinical improvements of nutritional indicators