ABSTRACT
Purpose: To report the demographic profile of patients registered through e?Sanjeevani OPD seeking teleophthalmology services. Methods: This was a cross?sectional data analysis of patients with ocular complaints registered through the e?Sanjeevani platform at a tertiary care center. It was a doctor?to?doctor consultation, where teleophthalmology consultants provided teleconsultation services at subcenters (SCs), primary health centers (PHCs), and community health centers (CHCs). Data regarding the patient’s age, gender, residential address, provisional diagnosis, and treatment prescribed were recorded from May 2021 to February 2022 (9 months). Results: In total, 5138 patients were teleconsulted from the mean age of the patients was 37.64 ± 19.34 years. Among these patients, 44% were males and 56% were females. Most of the teleconsultation calls were made from Palwal district (19.8%), followed by Hisar (14.5%) and Sonipat. The most common provisional diagnosis was dry eyes (21%), followed by allergic conjunctivitis (18%), refractive error (15%), and cataract (14%). These constituted approximately 70% of the diagnosis made through teleconsultations. The rest of the eye problems were diagnosed as stye, blepharitis, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, pterygium, subconjunctival hemorrhage, etc., The majority of the patients were managed medically (56.6%) and approximately 11.6% of the patients were referred for surgical intervention. Conclusion: e?Sanjeevani is an effective way to provide teleconsultations to patients in remote locations. The majority of the patients seeking ophthalmology consultations can be managed conservatively. Patients requiring surgical intervention can be referred timely, thus avoiding any delay in treatment
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. The clinical and economic burden of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) stems from its central role in the pathophysiology of foot ulceration and lower limb amputation, reduction in quality of life. Simple screening methods are of limited value in early neuropathy. Nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are the most sensitive and specific DPN detection method. Material and Method: This study was conducted to detect the sensory-motor neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus by clinical examination and nerve conduction study. In this study, 50 cases of type 2 diabetes were taken. Results: Majority of patients presented with tingling sensation and followed by burning feet. In 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus on clinical examination, most of the patients had involvement of both upper and lower limbs followed by only lower limb involvement, whereas on NCS, there were more patients with both upper and lower limbs involvement as compared to clinical studies. Maximum patients had symmetrical limb involvement clinically, but on NCS, the number of patients with symmetrical limb involvement was even more. Conclusion: It was found that patients with diabetes mellitus, diabetic peripheral neuropathy is highly prevalent, but in the majority of patients, it is subclinical. Sensitivity and negative predictive values of the neurological examination are low. Therefore, routine nerve conduction velocity measurement for the assessment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy appears to be warranted in these patients. Thus, the author concluded in this study, detection of neuropathy is earlier and significant with NCS compared to clinical.
ABSTRACT
Background: Information from Ayurveda meeting the analytical challenges of modern technology is anarea of immense relevance. Apart from the cerebral task of bringing together two different viewpoints,the question at the pragmatic level remains ‘who benefits whom’.Objective: The aim is to highlight the challenges in integration of information (Ayurvedic) and technology using test examples of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolomics and anti-HIV-1 potential of select Ayurvedic medicinal plants. The other value added objective is implications andrelevance of such work for Ayurveda.Materials and methods: Six medicinal plants (Azadirachta indica, Tinospora cordifolia, Swertia chirata,Terminalia bellerica, Zingiber officinale and Symplocos racemosa) were studied using high resolutionproton NMR spectroscopy based metabolomics and also evaluated for anti-HIV-1 activity on threepseudoviruses (ZM53 M.PB12, ZM109F.PB4, RHPA 4259.7).Results: Of the six plants, T. bellerica and Z. officinale showed minimum cell cytotoxicity and maximumanti-HIV-1 potential. T. bellerica was effective against all the three HIV-1 pseudoviruses. Untargeted NMRprofiling and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the six plants, all of which had different Ayurvedicpharmacological properties, showed maximum differences in the aromatic region of the spectra.Conclusion: The work adds onto the list of potential plants for anti-HIV-1 drug molecules. At the sametime, it has drawn attention to the different perspectives of Ayurveda and Western medicine underscoring the inherent limitations of conceptual bilinguism between the two systems, especially in thecontext of medicinal plants. The study has also highlighted the potential of NMR metabolomics in studyof plant extracts as used in Ayurveda.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
ABSTRACT
Background: An in vivo comparative evaluation to determine the accuracy of working length between radiographic and electronic apex locators. Aim: The study was aimed at evaluating the accuracy of electronic apex locator, to determine the working length of root canal, and to compare it with the radiographic method of working length determination. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 teeth selected for the study had to go for extraction because of periodontal or orthodontic reasons. Access cavity was prepared and the clinical estimated working length (CEWL) was determined with 10-25 no. K-file. A radiograph was then taken for determining the radiographic estimated working length (REWL). For electronic measurement of root canal, a 10 no. K-file was advanced toward the apex until it reached a 0.5 mm short of apex as shown by the apex locator. After fixing the file with a light cured composite, the tooth was extracted, the tooth surface was then longitudinally grounded using straight fissure diamond bur until the root canal and the tip of the file were visible. The distance of file from the minor constriction was measured with help of stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis : The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis for this study. Results: The chi-square test where χ2 = 21.034 with P = 0.000 indicated that a significant difference exists among the groups. The electronic method showed highest number of cases with the working length at the minor constrictor. Conclusion: The electronic method for determining the working length of root canal was found to be more accurate than the radiographic method.