Estimation of age from epiphyseal fusion in iliac crest.

Scientific estimation of age of an individual whether living, recently dead person, disintegrated and decomposed dead bodies, skeletal remains or incomplete skeleton or fragmentary remains is a vexing problem for medical jurist, in both civil and criminal cases and is an important part of examination in medico-legal practices. A large number of researchers have studied this process, hoping to understand its origin, evolution and consequences as well as to try to combat it. In the present study 100 individuals are studied between the age group of 16 to 25 years in male and female separately i.e. 50 males and 50 females, whose X- ray examination is done at Rajindra Hospital; Patiala, Punjab. The study is undertaken to know the time of fusion of epiphyses of iliac crest. In this study, every individual’s X-ray pelvis AP view is taken to know fusion of iliac crest epiphyses. SAA

Comparison of lambdoid suture closure by X-Ray and CT scan in two states of India.

In the present study, herewith comparison is done for closure of squamous suture of skull of living individuals from Punjab and Rajasthan. The cases studied in Punjab are 100 individuals between the age group of 45 years to 70 years with age interval of five years and twenty cases from each age group were studied who were CT scanned for closure of squamous suture at Rajindra Hospital Patiala (Punjab). In Rajasthan (SMS Hospital Jaipur), X-ray examination of 100 individuals was done having age group 40 years to 70 years with age interval of ten years in male and female separately for squamous suture closure and accordingly the squamous suture is divided into 2 parts-(1) Upper half(½), (2)Lower half (½). In both studies, squamous suture is studied ectocranially. It is seen that endocranially suture closure will not give reliable results and sometimes endocranially sutures remain unfused for whole life. No differences in right or left side of squamous suture have been reported by Todd and Lyon. Occasionally there is considerable sclerosis and condensation along the various sutures, particularly sagittal, squamous and coronal suture.

Age estimation from medial end of clavicle by x- ray examination.

Fixing up of the individuality of a person, no matter if it is new born baby in the hospital or in criminal cases and in civil cases like marriage, inheritance of property, passport, insurance claims, disputed sex and missing persons etc. has got its own importance. In the present study 100 individuals are studied between the age group of 16 to 25 years in male and female (separately), whose X- ray examination is done at Rajindra Hospital ; Patiala, Punjab. Male and female individuals were studied with age interval of two years and ten cases from each age interval were taken. The study is undertaken to know the fusion of medial end of clavicle to know the fusion of epiphysis. In this study, every individual’s X-ray chest AP view is taken to know fusion of epiphysis at medial end of clavicle.

Age estimation in old individuals by CT scan of skull.

Determination of age goes on becoming difficult as the age advances particularly after the age of 40 years with conventional methods. To overcome this problem the present study was carried out. In the present study 100 cases with age range of 40 to 70 years were taken. The study was carried out to estimate timings of suture closure with the help of axial sections at different levels of sutures of skull on CT scan. The closures of lambdoid, parieto-mastoid, coronal and squamous sutures were studied and grading was done depending upon closure of sutures. Each suture was found to close at particular age group. Each individual was exposed to CT scan and 3 axial sections (cuts) were taken for each individual. Each suture was found to close at particular age group.