ABSTRACT
Introduction: Foot Ulcer is the most frequent complicationof Diabetes Mellitus related to lower extremities with highmorbidity. Infection is an important component of foot ulcer.The present study was undertaken to study the clinical andmicrobiological profile of diabetic foot ulcer in a tertiary carecenter.Material and Methods: It is a prospective observational studywhich has been conducted at VIMSAR, Burla from November2017 to November 2019. Consecutive patients of Diabeticfoot ulcers were included in this study. After admissiondetailed history and biochemical investigations were donein all cases. Nerve Conduction study, doppler of lower limbwere performed to assess peripheral neuropathy and vasculardisease. The ulcers were graded according to Wagner’sstaging. Swabs were taken for culture and sensitivity.Results: Out of 1234 patients of DM admitted to the hospital,116 (9.4%) patients had foot ulcer. There were 87 (75.0%)males and 29 (25.0%) females with M:F ratio of 3:1. 95(81.9%) patients were from rural and 21 (18.1%) from urbanarea. Majority (n=44, 38.0%) of patients belonged to 51-60years of age and only 3 (2.0%) were within 21 to 30 years.Type-1 and -2 DM was found in 4 (3.0%) and 112 (97.0%)patients and the duration of DM was given. Grade-2 ulcerwas found in 62 (53.5%) cases. Risk factors like peripheralneuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy were present in(n=65, 56.1%), 24 (20.7%) and 35 (30.1%) cases respectively.Early signs of ulcerative lesion like abundant callus, crackfoot, blistering was present in 28 (24.1%), 54 (46.6%),10(8.6%) cases respectively.Conclusion: This study showed that foot ulcer is a commonchronic complication of DM mostly found in elderly patientswith poor glycemic control from rural areas. S.aureus andP.aeruginosa are the common organisms detected from theulcer.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Uric acid (urate), an organic compound ofcarbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen has been thought to beprotective against ageing, oxidative stress and oxidative cellinjury owing to its oxidant property. Recent epidemiologicaland clinical evidences suggest that hyperuricaemia might be arisk factor for cardiovascular disease where enhanced oxidativestress plays an important pathophysiological role. The studyis taken up to determine serum uric acid levels in AcuteCoronary Syndromes (ACS) and to compare the incidence ofcomplications in hyperuricaemic and normouricaemic acutecoronary syndrome patients.Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study wasconducted in the Department of Medicine in collaborationwith Department of Biochemistry, RIMS, Imphal fromOctober 2014 to September 2016, among 73 normouricaemicACS patients and 73 hyperuricaemic ACS patients. Clinicaland anthropometric data were taken from each subject.Laboratory evaluation involves serum uric acid by enzymaticcolorimetric method.Results: The mean serum uric acid level in the studypopulation was 5.96 ± 1.88 mg/dl. Arrhythmias occurred in27.4% of hyperuricemic patients and 5.5% of normouricemicpatients. It is observed that 27 patients developed congestivecardiac failure (CCF), out of which 17 patients (22.3%)were hyperuricaemic and 10 patients (13.7%) werenormouricaemic. Pulmonary edema (PE) was observed in 35hyperuricaemic and 28 normouricaemic patients (47.9% and38.4% respectively).Conclusions: Complications of ACS such as arrhythmias,CCF and PE occurred more frequently in hyperuricaemicindividuals. Thus, it can be concluded that serum uric acidlevel can be considered a suitable marker for predicting ACSrelated future adverse events.