ABSTRACT
Background: Tobacco abuse is one of the biggest curses that modern society has come across. It is not confined to any one country or region alone, but has widely afflicted the globe. The most susceptible time for initiating use of tobacco in India is adolescence and early adulthood, ages 15-24 years while some start as young as 10 years.Approximately 55,500 adolescent start using tobacco every day in India, joining the 7.7 million young people under the age of 15 who already use tobacco on a regular basis.Methods: It is a community based cross-sectional study conducted among school going adolescent boys of urban field practice area of medical college during July to September 2017. Data was collected through pretested semi-structured self -administered questionnaire given to students by the investigators. Data collected were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 17 software.Results: The prevalence of ever use of tobacco was 17.5% among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area. In the present study it was observed that 174 (95.1%) adolescent boys had knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco. 110 adolescents (60.1%) had knowledge that passive smoking was harmful.Conclusions: The study suggests that the prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area of medical college. The knowledge of students regarding harmful effects of tobacco was not adequate. Attitude and practice regarding tobacco consumption is also not satisfactory.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION The acetabulum of the hip bone is an important parameter for determination of sex.Morphometry of hip bone is of interest to anatomist, forensic experts and anthropologist. The parameters are also of clinical importance for orthopaedic surgeons. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to find the Diameter of acetabulum, Depth of acetabulum, Diameter of acetabular Notch and Shape of the anterior ridge of the acetabulum in North Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS 57 human ossified adult hip bones were includedfrom the Anatomy and forensic Department in this study. After determination of sex, the measurements were taken with the help of digital vernier calipers and a metallic scale. RESULTS In this study the measurements of diameter of acctabulum is larger in female in both sides than that of male and significant statistically. The Acetabular Depth in female is more in left side but slightly less in right side than male. The Acetabular Diameter and Acetabular Depth in left side is more than right side. The anterior acetabular ridge in this study is more (43.9%) of curved type. CONCLUSION Morphometric study will help detection of disputed sex by Forensic Experts &Orthopedic Surgeons for planning the total hip replacement. The Acetabular Depth in female is more in left side but slightly less in right side than male. The measurements are more in left side than that of right side.