ABSTRACT
Background: Hip bone is the most sexually dimorphic bone in adult human skeleton, which provides sufficientevidence for sex determination even if fragmentary remains are available, and thus it is of great use both formedico-legal and archaeological purposes. Recent improved researches on metric assessment of variousparameters of hip bone are an effort to decrease ambiguity in assessment methods. Present study aims todetermine the sexual dimorphism in the morphometric parameters of ischial component of dry hip bone.Material and Methods: Present study was conducted on 100 undamaged hip bones, of known sex and unknownage (M:F=80:20, R:L= 50:50) procured from the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar.The various dimensions measured were (1) Height of Ischium, (2) Length of Ischium upto the farthest point onacetabular rim, (3) Lower Spinal Height, (4) Front Spinal Height. The observations were statistically evaluated tofind out sex & side related differences.Results: All these parameters were significantly longer in males as compared to females. Also these were more onright side in both sexes but the difference was statistically insignificant.Conclusions: The results of the present study can be used for sex determination from the fragmentary remains ofhip bone. The study also advocates a need for more studies of similar parameters for other regional populationsto build up larger databases due to paucity of comparative data
ABSTRACT
Background: Different bones of the human skeleton present age-, sex- and race-related dissimilarities, so thatusing visual criteria & metric techniques, age, sex, and race of an individual can be estimated from these bones.One such bone is the hip bone whose characteristic morphology makes it interesting from anatomical,anthropological, and forensic point of view. Its features are important not only for the anatomist but also for theanthropologist, for population studies & for forensic experts for specimen recognition and gender determinationof skeletal remains. The three constituent parts of hip bone i.e ilium, ischium and pubis depict different genderspecific features. The pubis showing pubertal changes first of all are being considered in this article. Its differentparameters will be definitely helpful to anatomists, anthropologists & forensic experts in their respective fields.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 adult undamaged human hip bones, (M:F=80:20,R:L= 50:50) obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar. The variousdimensions of the pubis measured were (1) Mid Pubic Width, (2) Length of Pubic Crest, (3) Length of Pubic Bone,(4) Length of Pubic bone upto acetabulum. The observations were statistically evaluated to find out sex & siderelated differences.Results: All the pubic parameters measured were significantly larger in female bones as compared to malebones, except the mid pubic width. However no significant side specific pattern could be determined in either sex.Conclusions: There is a relative paucity of region specific data for the various parameters of pubis in the accessibleliterature. Thus the present study advocates the significance of pubis in sexual dimorphism, for sex determination& provides reference values for the North India region.