ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of a Chinese medicinal composition ( Xiadanqi) on the prevention of radon exposure induced injuries of lung in vitro and in vivo. Methods:Mice were randomly divided into three groups of blank control group, radon-exposed group alone and radon-exposed group intervened with Chinese medicinal composition. The pathological changes of lung tissues in each group after 120 WLM were observed by HE and Masson staining, and the expressions of α-SMA protein and Vimentin protein in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. The levels of oxidative stress in lung tissue of each group were detected with SOD and MDA kits. At the same time, a radon exposed cell model and a radon exposure + Xiadanqi intervention cell model were constructed using an ecological radon chamber. The cell adhesion abilities of different groups were detected by an adhesion kit. The cell migration ability of each group was determined by the transwell migration experiment. The expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin protein was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with the radon exposure group, the concentration of MDA was decreased ( t=4.43, P<0.05), the activity of SOD was increased ( t=3.22, P<0.05), and α-SMA and Vimentin protein expressions were decreased ( t=3.08, 7.57, P<0.05) in lung tissue of mice intervened with 2 mg/g Xiadanqi. In vitro, compared with radon exposure group, the migration ability was reduced ( t=4.78, 13.01, P<0.05), the cell adhesion property was enhanced ( t=3.41, 12.55, P<0.05), the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased ( t=2.96, 19.57, P<0.05), and the expression of Vimentin protein was obviously reduced ( t=21.00, 33.32, P<0.05) in radon-exposed cells with the treatment of Chinese medicine (150 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml). Conclusions:The Chinese medicinal composition ( Xiadanqi) has a certain radioprotective effect on radon exposure induced injury by reducing oxidative stress, attenuating EMT and fibrosis, and thus it may be applied as a protective agent for radon induced injury.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the approval of Chinese medicines’patent application in the United States. METHODS:The requirements of patent eligibility in the United States were interpreted;two important patent cases(“Mayo case”and“Myriad case”)were analyzed in recent years,and the effects of“patent eligibility guideline”on Chinese medicines’patent ap-plication in the United States were also analyzed;the suggestions were put forward according to the situation of Chinese medicines’ patent application. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Patent eligibility required that patent protection objects should be included in ob-ject range which could be vested patent right stated in patent law. The analysis of“Mayo case”“Myriad case”and patent eligibility guideline indicated that if related Chinese medicines’patent was to obtain patent approval in the United States,notable difference between the medicine and natural products as well as the order of nature must be clearly stated;technical attributes should be em-phasized,and different patent application ideas were adopted for different types of invention in order to guarantee patent eligibility. At present,small number of Chinese medicine’s patent in the United States come from China,and relevant enterprises should liber-ate themselves from the misperception that Chinese medicines do not hold patent eligibility. Hence,it is suggest that the first claim in the patent should not be too definite in Chinese medicines’patent application,afford more comprehensive application,strength-en patent protection of classic Chinese medicine recipe and stress patent eligibility.