Amino Acid Supplementation Improves the Production of Extracellular Peptidases by Aspergillus Section Flavi and their Ionic Immobilization

Abstract Bioprocess studies have been highlighted due to the importance of physiological processes and industrial applications of enzymes. The potential of peptidase production from Aspergillus section Flavi using different amino acids as a supplemental nitrogen source was investigated. A production profile revealed that amino acids had positive effects on peptidase production when compared to the control without amino acids. Optimal production (100 U/mL) was obtained with Arginine amino acid in 96 h of fermentation. Extracellular peptidase from Aspergillus section Flavi was identified in submerged bioprocesses by in situ activity. Biochemical studies revealed that the maximum activities of the enzyme extract were obtained at pH 6.5 and a temperature of 55°C. The inhibition by EDTA and PMSF suggests the presence of more than one peptidase while the Ni2+ and Cu2+ had a negative influence on the enzyme activity. When the crude extract was reversibly immobilized on ionic supports, DEAE-Agarose and MANAE-Agarose the derivative showed different profiles of thermal and pH stabilities. Hence, this study revealed the basic properties and biochemical characteristics that allowed the production improvement of this class of enzyme. Moreover, with known properties stabilization and immobilization process is required to further explore its biotechnological capacities.

Peptidase with Keratinolytic Activity Secreted by Aspergillus terreus During Solid-State Fermentation

The aim of this study was to evaluate peptidase production by Aspergillus terreus in solid-state bioprocess and evaluate its parameters. The best conditions were 5.0 g of wheat bran as substrate, incubation temperature 30°C, inoculum 2.0x105 spores/g and 75% saline volume, with production reaching 677 U/mL (5400 U/g culture medium) after 72 h of fermentation. Biochemical characterization of the crude enzymatic extract showed the optimum pH and temperature of 6.5 and 55°C, respectively. The stability at different temperatures and pH values showed that the extract could endure different pH. The evaluation of the ions influence and inhibitors proved that the enzyme required an ion for better activity, which was corroborated with the inhibition of EDTA and PMSF, characterizing serine and/or metallo peptidase. The extract was also tested for specific activities and showed promising results for keratinolytic and collagenolytic activities (0.252 and 0.165 OD/mL, respectively).

Colecistectomia durante a gravidez: relato de seis casos / Cholescystectomy during pregnancy: six cases related

Os autores apresentam seis casos de colecistite aguda, decorrentes de litíase biliar durante a gravidez. Os sintomas mais freqüentes foram febre, cólica biliar, calafrios, intolerância à gordura e vômitos. Todas as pacientes foram submetidas à colecistectomia durante a gravidez. Em cinco casos realizou-se colangiografia transoperatória, dos quais três pacientes foram submetidas à coledocotomia por coledocolitíase. A cirurgia é indicada quando não houver resposta ao tratamento clínico, na persistência de dor e(ou) febre, na presença de sinal de Courvoisier, assim como de sinais de irritação peritoneal e persistência de icterícia obstrutiva. O momento mais adequado para se realizar a cirurgia é uma importante consideração para que se diminua a morbimortalidade fetal e materna.