ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate the macular microvascular changes in patients with intermediate uveitis (IU) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT?A) and to determine the relationship of OCT?A measurements with disease duration and activity. Methods: This cross?sectional study was performed at the uvea department of a tertiary hospital. Patients with IU (8 women, 8 men; mean age: 28.80 ± 12.80 years) were included in the study. The macular thickness measurements obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Heidelberg Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and macular superficial and deep vessel density (VD) parameters obtained by OCT?A (Avanti RTVue?XR; Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA) were compared with healthy subjects (12 men, 22 women; mean age: 28.40 ± 8.32 years). Eyes with pathology including marked obvious edema in the macula were not included in the study. Results: The macular thickness was found to be higher in the patient group (p < 0.001). The deep and superficial VD measurements in almost all quadrants in both superficial and deep layers were significantly lower in the IU patient group (p < 0.05). Macular thickness was increased in the active state of IU (p = 0.03), however, none of the OCT?A parameters showed a significant difference between active and inactive IU patients (p > 0.05). No correlation was observed between OCT?A parameters and total IU disease duration. Conclusion: Quantitative analyses of macular vascular structures demonstrate significantly reduced VD in both superficial and deep retinal layers in IU patients. Considering the importance of the macula in visual prognosis, OCT?A can provide crucial data for the monitoring and follow?up of IU patients.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the results of intracameral dexamethasone and intracameral triamcinolone acetonide injection in patients that underwent cataract surgery with phacoemulsification. Materials and Methods: Sixty eyes of 60 patients that underwent cataract surgery with phacoemulsifi cation were randomized into two groups. Preoperative visual acuity of all patients was 0.5 or lower and intraocular pressures were under 21mmHg. After surgery, eyes in group 1 (30 eyes) were injected with 0.4 mg/0.1 ml dexamethasone into the anterior chamber, and eyes in group 2 (30 eyes) were injected with 2 mg/0.05 ml triamcinolone acetonide into the anterior chamber. All eyes received standard postoperative prednisolone acetate and moxifloxacin eye drops. The biomicroscopic evaluation, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure measurements were done at baseline (preoperatively) and on postoperative days 1, 7 and 30. Results: There were no statistically signifi cant diff erences in mean visual acuity, the amount of anterior cells and fl are between the two groups (P ≥ 0.05). Mean intraocular pressure values at postoperative fi rst day were signifi cantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (P = 0.009). The mean intraocular pressures on days 7 and 30 after surgery were not statistically diff erent between the two groups (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: Intracameral dexamethasone and intracameral triamcinolone acetonide were similarly effective in controlling postoperative infl ammation following phacoemulsifi cation. However, the intraocular pressures on postoperative fi rst day were higher in patients receiving intracameral triamcinolone acetonide. The highest intraocular pressure in triamcinolone acetonide group was 24 mmHg, and stabilized in a few days, therefore using triamcinolone acetonide may impose a minimal risk to patients. Nevertheless, intracameral dexamethasone seems to be a bett er alternative to apply at the end of surgery to suppress the infl ammation during the fi rst 24 hours.
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the Humphrey visual field parameters in patients with pituitary adenoma and classify the visual field defects in this patient group. Forty primary pituitary adenoma patients underwent neuro-ophthalmological examination and Humphrey Perimetry 30-2 visual field test at Baskent University, Departments of Ophthalmology, and Neurosurgery, between 2003 and 2005. Global indices, mean +/- SD and pattern standard deviation [PSD] of pituitary adenoma patients [group 1] were taken as the test parameters and compared with age- and sex- matched controls [group 2]. There were no significant differences between groups 1 and 2 with respect to mean age or gender distribution [P>0.05]. The MD and PSD results of group 1 according to the age groups and gender were not statistically significant [P>0.05]. The MD and PSD results of subjects in group 2 were within normal limits, and no special visual field defects were observed. When compared with healthy controls, the MD and PSD values of patients with hypophyseal adenomas were statistically significantly [P<0.05]. In group 1, the mean adenoma size was 13.34 mm and no statistically significant correlation was found between the adenoma size and either the MD or PSD values [P>0.05]. Sixteen [40%] patients had visual field defects, the specific complete bitemporal hemianopsia was found in 5 [12.5%] patients. Only in 3 patients [7.5%] the primary diagnosis was made by ophthalmologic examination. Although ophthalmologists rarely have a role in the primary diagnosis of hypophyseal adenoma, routine ophthalmologic examination is still important. To detect early visual field abnormalities, automated perimetry should be performed as a part of routine examination in patients with suspected hypophyseal adenomas