ABSTRACT
Objective:To obtain luteolin and apigenin rich fraction from the ethanolic extract ofCynodon dactylon (L.) (C. dactylon) Pers and evaluate the fraction’s cytotoxicity and anti-Chikungunya potential using Vero cells.Methods:The ethanolic extract ofC. dactylon was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) fraction. Reverse phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies were carried out to identify the major phytochemicals in the fraction using phytochemical standards. Cytotoxicity and the potential of the fraction against CHIKV were evaluatedin vitrousing Vero cells. Reduction in viral replication was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after treating the viral infected Vero cells with the fraction.Results:Reverse Phase-HPLC and GC-MS studies confirmed the presence of flavonoids, luteolin and apigenin as major phytochemicals in the anti-CHIKV ethanolic fraction ofC. dactylon. The fraction was found to exhibit potent viral inhibitory activity (about 98%) at the concentration of 50 μg/mL as observed by reduction in cytopathic effect, and the cytotoxic concentration of the fraction was found to be 250 μg/mL. RT-PCR analyses indicated that the reduction in viral mRNA synthesis in fraction treated infected cells was much higher than the viral infected control cells.Conclusions:Luteolin and apigenin rich ethanolic fraction fromC. dactylon can be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent against CHIKV infection as the fraction does not show cytotoxicity while inhibiting the virus.
ABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Acidosis , Colonic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Tract/surgery , Intestinal Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Acute cholecystitis is a common cause of right upper quadrant pain in patients presenting at the emergency department. Early diagnosis and recognition of associated complications, though challenging, are essential for timely management. Imaging studies, including ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, are increasingly utilised for the evaluation of suspected cases of cholecystitis. These investigations help in diagnosis, identification of complications and surgical planning. Imaging features of acute cholecystitis have been described in the literature and are variable, depending on the stage of inflammation. This article discusses the spectrum of cholecystitis-associated complications and their imaging manifestations. We also suggest a checklist for the prompt and accurate identification of complications in acute cholecystitis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Abdominal Pain , Diagnosis , Cholecystitis , Diagnostic Imaging , Cholecystitis, Acute , Diagnostic Imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Emergency Medicine , Methods , Emergency Service, Hospital , Inflammation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Traumatic injury to the male external genitalia is frequently encountered, but acute traumatic dislocation of the penile structure is extremely rare, with only a few reports found in the literature. We herein report the case of a 21-year-old man who sustained blunt trauma to the pelvis following a motor vehicle accident, and had features suspicious of penile dislocation. With the use of computed tomography and bedside ultrasonography, a diagnosis of penile dislocation was made, which was subsequently confirmed intraoperatively. Immediate surgical intervention via gentle manipulation of the penile tissue back to its native position was performed in order to restore normal anatomy. The exact mechanism of penile dislocation is not known. However, circumferential laceration around the foreskin causing degloving injury of the penis is suggested in our patient.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Accidents, Traffic , Foreskin , Joint Dislocations , Diagnosis , Pelvis , Wounds and Injuries , Penis , Diagnostic Imaging , Wounds and Injuries , Scrotum , Diagnostic Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography , Wounds, NonpenetratingABSTRACT
Extramedullary pulmonary hematopoiesis is a rare entity with a limited number of case reports in the available literature only. We report the case of a 66-year-old man with known primary myelofibrosis, in whom a Technetium-99m sulfur colloid bone marrow scan with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT revealed a pulmonary hematopoiesis as the cause of pulmonary hypertension and severe tricuspid regurgitation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of Technetium-99m sulfur colloid SPECT/CT imaging in this rare condition.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Bone Marrow/diagnostic imaging , Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Primary Myelofibrosis/complications , Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/etiologyABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/diagnosisABSTRACT
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sudden pain and odynophagia after drinking water. The patient thought that part of his lower denture may have fallen into his throat. There was moderate tenderness over the lower anterior neck. Radiographs of the neck were normal. Computed tomography showed an impacted partial denture in the upper oesophagus, which was removed by rigid endoscopy. Recheck endoscopy showed a superficial mucosal laceration at 18 cm. Ingestion of dental prostheses is common among the elderly population. The role of imaging in the early detection of ingested foreign bodies, particularly nonradio-opaque ones, is discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Denture, Partial , Esophagoscopy , Esophagus , Diagnostic Imaging , Foreign Bodies , Diagnostic Imaging , Therapeutics , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
No abstract available.