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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of severe respiratory failure in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 288 COPD patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected. The patients were divided into control group (no severe respiratory failure) and observation group (severe respiratory failure) according to whether severe respiratory failure occurred during hospitalization. The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values and clinical symptoms of the two groups were compared. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of severe respiratory failure in COPD patients. Results Among of 288 COPD patients, 86 cases (29.86%) developed severe respiratory failure. The proportion of severe respiratory failure in male patients aged ≥70 years was significantly higher (P3 times per year (OR=4.573) were the risk factors for severe respiratory failure in elderly COPD patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The elderly COPD hospitalized patients have a higher risk of severe respiratory failure, and most of them are male patients over 70 years old. Especially for patients over 70 years old with hypoproteinemia, more than 3 acute exacerbations per year, and nosocomial infection, active intervention should be given to prevent the risk of severe respiratory failure.
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Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for malignant obstruction of the biliary tract. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with malignant biliary obstruction treated by PDT in our medical center. On the basis of different treatment plans, the patients were categorized into the photodynamic only group and the combined treatment group, in which additional interventional operations, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy were arranged. The alterations in liver function, duration of biliary patency, and postoperative complications that occurred within one month were closely monitored in both groups. Results A total number of 19 patients were enrolled in this study. The technical success rate of PDT was 100%. The deterioration of liver function was not observed in any patients within one month after PDT. Within a maximum of 17.7 months follow-up, the patency rates of the biliary tract were 100.0%, 89.5%, 72%, and 64% at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure, respectively. The mean biliary patency time was 6.9±0.8 months (95%CI: 5.2-8.7 months). Specifically, the biliary patency times for Bismuth type Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 7.5±1.1 and 6.1±1.3 months, respectively. The biliary patency time was around 3.3±0.7 months in the photodynamic only group and 7.9±0.9 months in the combined treatment group (P=0.017). Conclusion PDT for Bismuth Ⅲ-Ⅳ malignant biliary obstruction is safe and effective. Moreover, the period of biliary patency is greatly extended when PDT is combined with systemic therapy.
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BACKGROUND:In the orthodontic treatment, double wire technique is commonly used to correct the torque of anterior teeth;however, the underlying mechanical mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To study the torque capabilities of DamonQ system through the three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS:Three-dimensional finite element models of Damon Q brackets with different dimension arch wires were established and were grouped according to arch wire with different dimensions. The torque capabilities of Damon Q system with different dimensions and materials arch wire were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The Damon Q brackets with single or double wires had the same variation of torque, torque angle curve changes under the condition of different size and material arch wires. Torque moment increased gradually with increasing torque angle. Rectangular-round double wires produced larger torque moment compared with single rectangular wire, whereas double round wires produced smal er torque moment compared with single rectangular wire. The torque moment produced by rectangular-round double wires or by single rectangular wire was approximately 2-8 times or 1-5 times more than that by double round wires. The torque moment that rectangular-round double wires produced was larger than that single wire produced in the DamonQ system. In the early clinical practice, we can use double round wires to control root movement. In the middle-term of the treatment, we can use rectangular-round double wires to control root movement as the mild forces produced by them reduce root absorption. This study lays a foundation for the application of Damon Q bracket with double wire technology in the clinic.
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Objective:To explore the stress change rule of craniofacial bone suture and the interface of bone-implant against differ-ent strength and direction of protraction on the implant anchorage in alveolar bone.Methods:The original DICOMdata of 2-D image of craniofacial complex were obtained by high resolution CT scanning.3-D finite element models of craniofacial complex were devel-oped according to the DICOMdata.Forces of 1 -1 0 N inclined at 0 -60°to Frankfort horizontal plane in the anterior and inferior di-rections were respectively applied on the implant anchorage in the alveolar bone at 32 23 .Data of principle stress and Von Mises Stress of each mode of each simulaton was caculated.Results:The change rule of the effectiveness of different force value of protrac-tion in the same direction was the same in different stress zone;that of the same force value of the protraction in differente direction differed in different stress zone.When the protraction angle was less than 30°,the maxillary complex will spin up.In the 30°,the maxillary complex showed the forward growth.Between 40°-50°,the growth direction was the same with the protraction direction. When the protraction angle was more than 50°,the maxillary complex showed down spin.Conclusion:Protraction force of 1 -1 0 N at 30°-50°to Frankfort horizontal plane on implant anchorage in the alveolar bone at 32 23 can induce maxillary complex grow for-ward.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the effect of music in relieving pain during orthodontic treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-five cases who wore arches the first time were selected and treated. These patients were randomly divided into two groups: Music group and blank group. The music intervention was used in reducing orthodontic treatment pain, while blank group experienced no intervention measures. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were adopted to record patients' perception of pain, and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) to evaluate personality traits of all samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 165 patients, 85.45% were effective. The music group showed significantly less pain than the blank group (P < 0.05). In music and blank group, the pain was stronger in the patients with a tendency of introversion than those with a tendency of extroversion, as well as the irritability ones than steady-minded (P < 0.05). In music group, the pain was stronger in the females than the males (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Music helps to relieve pain during orthodontics treatment. The effect of music to relieve the pain during orthodontics treatment for the males are better than that for the females, extroverted personality ones are superior to introversive personality ones, and the steady-minded patients are better than irritability ones.</p>