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Objective To prepare rabbit polyclonal antibody specifically against human lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDHC4). Methods Site-directed mutation was performed by PCR to generate the mutated LDHC gene, and the mutated gene was ligated into the pET-28a vector to form the pET-28a-LDHC recombinant expression vector. The recombinant vector was introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3), and LDHC4 protein was obtained by induced expression. The recombinant protein was used as an antigen to immunize New Zealand rabbits, and the antiserum was obtained after three boosted immunizations. The titer of the antiserum against LDHC4 were detected by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the specificity of the antiserum, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of LDHC4 in human triple-negative breast cancer tissue. Results A specific rabbit anti-human LDHC4 polyclonal antibody was obtained with an antibody titer of 1:51 200. The antibody can be used for Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion The specific rabbit anti-human LDHC4 polyclonal antibody is successfully prepared.
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Humans , Rabbits , Animals , Escherichia coli/genetics , Antibodies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Blotting, Western , Antibody SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective:To compare the efficacy of 3D navigation versus C-arm fluoroscopy for placement of percutaneous double-segment long sacroiliac screws in the treatment of injury to the posterior pelvic ring.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in the 48 patients with pelvic fracture who had been treated surgically from February 2015 to October 2020 at Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Command of PLA. The patients were divided into a navigation group and a fluoroscopy group according to their different auxiliary ways to assist screw placement. In the navigation group of 27 patients, there were 19 males and 8 females, with an age of (45.5±7.4) years; in the fluoroscopy group of 21 patients, there were 14 males and 7 females, with an age of (44.1±10.1) years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of placement time for each screw, fluoroscopy time for each screw, adjustments of guide wire, accuracy of screw position, quality of fracture reduction, fracture union time, pelvic function, and postoperative complications.Results:The 2 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference between them in the preoperative general data ( P>0.05). The placement time for each screw [(12.7±2.2) min], fluoroscopy time for each screw [(40.7±9.3) s] and adjustments of guide wire [1 (0,1) time] in the navigation group were significantly less than those in the fluoroscopy group [(23.7±3.6) min, (71.4±14.1)s and 5 (4,6) times] (all P<0.05); the assessment of screw placement in the former (49 excellent, 4 good and one poor cases) was significantly better than that in the latter (29 excellent, 8 good and 5 poor cases) ( P<0.05). The 48 patients were followed up for 8 to 25 months (mean, 13.1 months). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in fracture union time, quality of fracture reduction or Majeed scores for the pelvic function (all P>0.05).Symptoms of injury to the L5 nerve root were observed in one patient in the fluoroscopy group; none of the patients reported postoperative complications like wound infection, screw loosening or breaking. Conclusions:Compared with C-arm fluoroscopy, 3D navigation may better assist placement of percutaneous double-segment long sacroiliac screws in the treatment of injury to the posterior pelvic ring, because 3D navigation can significantly shorten the time for screw placement and the fluoroscopy time for screw placement, reduce adjustments of guide wire, and improve accuracy of screw placement.
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Objective:To compare the clinical effects between simple bone grafting and dynamization of locking compression plate (LCP) combined with autologous bone grafting in the treatment of femoral aseptic nonunion.Methods:In this retrospective study, 30 patients with femoral aseptic nonunion were included who had been treated from January 2010 to January 2020 at Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People’s Liberation Army. They were 19 males and 11 females, with an age from 25 to 55 years. Of them, 12 were subjected to LCP dynamization combined with autologous bone grafting (group A) and 18 to simple bone grafting (group B). The 2 groups were compared in terms of surgical indicators, fracture healing time, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scores at preoperation and 12 months postoperation and Lane-Sandhu radiographic scores at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperation.Results:As there was no statistically significant difference in general information between the 2 groups, they were comparable ( P>0.05). The fracture healing time in group A [(8.2±1.7) months] was significantly shorter than that in group B [(9.8±2.2) months] ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in Lane-Sandhu radiographic score at 1 month postoperation ( P>0.05). The Lane-Sandhu radiological scores in group A at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperation (4.2±1.2, 8.4±0.7 and 10.8±0.9) were significantly higher than those in group B (3.3±0.9, 7.1±1.3 and 9.8±1.2) ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in preoperative HSS knee score ( P>0.05). The HSS knee score at 12 months postoperation in group A (83.3±4.3) was significantly higher than that in group B (76.2±4.1) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of femoral aseptic nonunion, compared with simple bone grafting, LCP dynamization combined with autologous bone grafting may shorten fracture healing time, improve bone formation, and thus lead to better therapeutic efficacy.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of different screw and screw hole combination of locking compression plates (LCP) on axial micromotion of fracture ends.Methods:Eighteen mature male New Zealand white rabbits were enrollled and divided into Groups A, B and C according to the random number table method, with six rabbits in each group. After obtaining the whole fresh right tibial specimens, the tibia was cut off transversely at the middle part and fixed with LCP. All specimens were fixed with locking screws in locking holes at the distal side of the fracture end. In Group A, locking screws were fixed in locking holes at proximal end. In Group B, common screws were fixed in locking holes at proximal end. While in Group C, common screws were fixed in compression holes at proximal end. All specimens were subjected to a dynamic axial load of 0-50 N on a universal test machine. The distance of the micromotion of the fracture site was measured and axial compression stiffness corresponding to each fixing method was calculated through the instrument's own system.Results:All specimens generated corresponding axial displacement under the axial load. Under an axial load that approximated a body weight (25 N), the axial displacement value of the fracture end was (0.101±0.017)mm in Group A, (0.164±0.007)mm in Group B, and (0.305±0.041)mm in Group C. Under the axial load of approximately two body weights (50 N), the axial displacement value of the fracture end was (0.218±0.012)mm in Group A, (0.285±0.013)mm in Group B, and (0.513±0.051)mm in Group C. Under the same load, the average axial displacement value of fracture site was Group C>Group B>Group A ( P<0.01). The axial stiffness of LCP device was (234.36±13.28)N/mm in Group A, (203.78±16.46)N/mm in Group B, and (112.62±16.23)N/mm in Group C, namely Group A>Group B>Group C ( P<0.01). Conclusion:LCP fixed with common screws or via compression holes can significantly increase axial micromotion of the fracture end. While the combined application of the two methods has better effect and can reduce the stiffness of LCP device.
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Objective:To summarize the clinical features of patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae pyogenic liver abscess(KP-PLA). Methods:Clinical data of 133 patients with pyogenic liver abscess(PLA) and positive results of blood or pus culture were retrospectively analyzed in Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from 2009 to 2018. According to the culture results, patients were divided into KP-PLA group ( n=92) and non-KP-PLA group ( n=41). Results:KP-PLA and non-KP-PLA were similar in gender composition with males accounting for 67.39% and 70.73%, and had age of (56.8±13.8) years and (55.0±13.0) years (χ 2=0.146, 0.708, P>0.05) respectively. The underlying diseases were more common in KP-PLA group, including diabetes accounting for 45.65% and 24.39%, and hypertension accounting for 32.61% and 14.63% (χ 2=5.384, 4.642, P<0.05) respectively. Patients with KP-PLA had more invasive infections beyond liver than those with non-KP-PLA, which were 27.17% and 9.76% (χ 2=5.046, P=0.025). The laboratory results showed that hemoglobin levels in KP-PLA and non-KP-PLA were (109.88±20.97) g/L and (97.75±20.25) g/L ( t=3.086, P=0.002). Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were 146.50 (114.50, 237.50) U/L and 220.50 (120.00, 316.75) U/L in KP-PLA and non-KP-PLA ( U=2 239.500, P=0.048) patients. Conclusions:KP-PLA mainly develops in middle-aged and elderly men, especially those with diabetes and hypertension. Patients with KP-PLA need to be paid more attention for invasive manifestations beyond liver.
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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,drug resistance and prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection (KP-BSI),and to analyze the risk factors of death and drug resistance.Methods The clinical data of hospitalized patients with KP-BSI from April 2015 to April 2017 in Huashan Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Continuous variables were compared using t test.Categorical variables were compared using x2 test or Fisher exact test.The independent risk factors for death were determined by logistic regression model.Results The majority of the 74 patients with KP-BSI were male (67.6％) and elderly patients (78.4％).Nosocomial infection occurred in 58 cases (78.4％) and a total of 24 (32.4％) cases died.The patients were widely distributed in various departments of the hospital.The first was the Department of Infectious Diseases (29.7％),followed by the intensive care unit (23.0％).The patients were often complicated with various underlying diseases and the most common was pulmonary infection (56.8％).There were 45 (60.8％) multiple drug resistance (MDR) strains and 29 (39.2％) Carbapenems resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains.There were significant differences of nosocomial infections (x2 =4.655,P =0.031),deep venous catheters (x2 =5.432,P-0.02),and invasive mechanical ventilation (x2 =7.630,P =0.006) between MDR and non-MDR patients.Deep venous catheters (x2 =5.923,P=0.015),invasive mechanical ventilation (x2 =16.845,P=0.000),other catheters (x2 =4.009,P=0.045) and surgery (x2 =3.910,P=0.048) were all significantly different between CRKP and non-CRKP patients.APACHE Ⅱ scores were performed in all patients.The average APACHE Ⅱ score was 8.74-±5.32 of the 50 cases (67.6％) in the survival group and that was 16.46 ± 6.62 of the 24 cases (32.4％) in the death group.The APACHE Ⅱ score in the survival group was significantly lower than that in the death group.The difference was statistically significant (t=5.091,P=0.000).APACHE Ⅱ ≥15 was the independent factor of death (B =-2.708,P=0.000).Conclusions The situation of drug-resistant KP-BSI is severe in the clinic.According to the clinical data,nosocomial infections,invasive mechanical ventilation and deep venous catheters may be the risk factors for MDR bloodstream infection.Deep venous catheters,invasive mechanical ventilation,other catheters and surgery may be the risk factors for bloodstream infection with CRKP.APACHE Ⅱ ≥15 is the independent risk factor for death.The evaluation of APACHE Ⅱ score may predict the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection.
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Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor in the world. medical delay always leads to more advanced stage, larger tumor and more metastasis. This literature review dealt about status, influencing factors and intervention related to medical delay of breast cancer, as a reference to promote health- seeking behavior of breast cancer.