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1.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1122128

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Radiation affects not only tumors but also healthy tissues through the increment of oxidative stress. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress degree as well as non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the plasma of patients submitted to radiotherapy and to verify if these parameters are modified in those patients who develop radiodermatitis. METHODS: Forty-one patients submitted to radiotherapy for treatment of breast cancer were followed. From these patients, plasma samples were obtained at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the treatment, for analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in terms of TBARS and FRAP in plasma harvested from these patients at the beginning and at the middle of the treatment. There was lower incidence of grade two radiodermatitis among patients undergoing radiotherapy with hypofractionated doses. There were no differences in FRAP or TBARS among patients who developed radiodermatitis of any degree in relation to those who did not develop this side effect. No differences of FRAP or TBARS were observed between patients that presented grade two radiodermatitis regarding to the others studied. CONCLUSION: There was no clear relationship between changes in TBARS or FRAP with the occurrence or severity of radiodermatitis.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Oxidative Stress , Medical Oncology , Medicine
2.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 15(3): 546-552, Jul.-Set. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-974859

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o conhecimento dos professores que atuam no cenário de prática profissional da segunda série dos cursos de medicina e enfermagem sobre os princípios da ergonomia física. O trabalho foi realizado em uma instituição de ensino localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2014. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, transversal com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada e analisados de acordo com a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na Modalidade Temática. A análise dos depoimentos permitiu a identificação de três temáticas: "Ergonomia: entre a construção de um conceito e a utilização na prática"; "Distúrbios osteomusculares em trabalhadores da saúde: prevenir ou remediar?"; "Vislumbrando os princípios da ergonomia nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde". Conclui-se que o conhecimento dos professores sobre o tema ergonomia é limitado, geralmente associado à postura e posições. Os entrevistados estabeleceram uma relação entre as atividades desenvolvidas por médicos e enfermeiros com a sobrecarga osteomuscular e reforçam a necessidade de medidas preventivas. Reconheceram que o ambiente acadêmico é um campo para a incorporação do tema ergonomia à prática profissional e que o professor possui um importante papel neste processo.


RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el conocimiento de los profesores que actúan en el escenario de la práctica profesional de la segunda serie de los cursos de medicina y enfermería sobre los principios de la ergonomia física. El trabajo fue realizado en una institución de ensenanza ubicada en el interior del estado de São Paulo-Brasil, en el año de 2014. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, transversal con abordaje cualitativo. Los datos fueron recolectados por entrevista semiestructurada y analizados según la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la Modalidad Temática. El análisis de los relatos permitió la identificación de tres temáticas: "Ergonomia: entre la construcción de un concepto y la utilización en la práctica"; "Trastornos músculo- esqueléticos en trabajadores de la salud: ¿prevenir o remediar?"; "Vislumbrando los princípios de la ergonomia en los cursos de pregrado del área de la salud". Se concluye que el conocimiento de los profesores sobre el tema ergonomia es limitado, generalmente asociado a la postura y posiciones. Los entrevistados establecieron una relación entre las actividades desarrolladas por médicos y enfermeros con la sobrecarga músculo-esquelética y señalan la necesidad de medidas preventivas. Reconocieron que el ambiente académico es un campo para la incorporación del tema ergonomia a la práctica profesional y que el profesor posee un importante rol en este proceso.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the knowledge of professors who work in the scenario of professional practice of the second grade of the Medicine and Nursing courses on the principles of physical ergonomics. The work was carried out in an educational institution located in the state of São Paulo, in 2014. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a qualitative approach. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to the content analysis technique in the thematic mode. The analysis of statements allowed identifying three themes: "Ergonomics: between the construction of a concept and its use in practice"; "Musculoskeletal disturbances in health workers: prevent or remedy?"; "Gleaming the principles of ergonomics in undergraduate courses in the health area." One concludes that professors have limited knowledge on the ergonomics theme, usually associated with posture and positions. Respondents established a link between the activities carried out by doctors and nurses with musculoskeletal overload and reinforce the need for preventive measures. They recognized that the academic environment is a field to incorporate the ergonomics theme to professional practice and the professor has an important role in that process.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Professional Practice , Cumulative Trauma Disorders/prevention & control , Education, Medical , Ergonomics , Catchment Area, Health , Health Education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Prevention , Faculty, Medical/education , Faculty, Nursing/education
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