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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 89(6): 101313, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528118

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To review the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of vestibular schwannoma. Methods: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on vestibular schwannoma were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association's guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions. Results: The topics were divided into 2 parts: (1) Diagnosis - audiologic, electrophysiologic tests, and imaging; (2) Treatment - wait and scan protocols, surgery, radiosurgery/radiotherapy, and systemic therapy. Conclusions: Decision making in VS treatment has become more challenging. MRI can diagnose increasingly smaller tumors, which has disastrous consequences for the patients and their families. It is important to develop an individualized approach for each case, which highly depends on the experience of each surgical team.

2.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 24(275): 5514-5529, abr.-2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1224213

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: discutir sobre o impacto do déficit de investimentos para o tratamento da Doença de Chagas no Brasil. Método: trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME e MEDLINE. A amostra final foi composta por 27 artigos científicos publicados entre o período de 2000 a 2020. Resultados: o Brasil é um dos países com maior prevalência de pacientes portadores da doença, porém pouco se avançou em pesquisas nessa área, de modo a repercutir em um baixo incentivo e investimento dos governantes e da indústria farmacêutica para a Doença de Chagas, tendo em vista a doença ser de progressão lenta e o diagnóstico e o tratamento serem tardios. Conclusão: fica evidente a falta de investimento e políticas públicas que possibilitem o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce da doença tendo como conseqüência um déficit na qualidade de vida dos pacientes.(AU)


Objective: to discuss the impact of the investment deficit for the treatment of Chagas Disease in Brazil. Method: This is a narrative review of the literature conducted in the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME and MEDLINE. The final sample consisted of 27 scientific articles published between 2000 and 2020. Results: Brazil is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of patients with the disease, but little progress has been made in research in this area, so as to have a low incentive and investment from governments and the pharmaceutical industry for Chagas Disease, in view of the disease being of slow progression and the diagnosis and treatment are late. Conclusion: it is evident the lack of investment and public policies that make possible the diagnosis and early treatment of the disease with the consequence of a deficit in the quality of life of the patients.(AU)


Objetivo: discutir el impacto del déficit de inversión para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas en Brasil. Método: se trata de una revisión narrativa de la literatura realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME y MEDLINE. La muestra final consistió en 27 artículos científicos publicados entre 2000 y 2020. Resultados: el Brasil es uno de los países con mayor prevalencia de pacientes con la enfermedad, pero se ha avanzado poco en la investigación en esta área, para tener un bajo incentivo e inversión de los gobiernos y de la industria farmacéutica para la enfermedad de Chagas, considerando que la enfermedad es de progresión lenta y el diagnóstico y tratamiento son tardíos. Conclusión: es evidente la falta de inversión y de políticas públicas que permitan el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la enfermedad con el consiguiente déficit en la calidad de vida de los pacientes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Prevalence , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Health Policy , Investments , Therapeutics/economics
3.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 39(2): 259-268, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-995842

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O neuroblastoma é a mais prevalente neoplasia abdominal pediátrica com um impacto de 15% da mortalidade total por causa oncológica nessa população. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer os critérios que levam à suspeição, diagnóstico e tratamento deste tumor. Métodos: Elaborado estudo de revisão bibliográfica entre as principais fontes científicas, realizando uma análise comparativa entre os artigos estudados, desconsiderando informações defasadas ou artigos com baixo impacto científico. Resultados: Este trabalho conseguiu reunir as principais informações acerca do neuroblastoma, possibilitando que este artigo sirva como fonte de estudo para profissionais da saúde. Conclusão: Deve-se suspeitar do diagnóstico de neuroblastoma quando a anamnese e o exame físico estiverem associados ao efeito de massa e a síndromes paraneoplásicas. Apesar do neuroblastoma ser uma doença de métodos diagnósticos e tratamento há muito estabelecidos, novos protocolos de estadiamento têm surgido, aderindo novas informações acerca de fatores de risco e predisposições genéticas.


Introduction: Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent abdominal neoplasia among pediatric patients, with an impact of 15% of total mortality of oncologic causes in this population. This article aims to identify the criteria that leads to the suspicion, diagnosis and treatment of the tumor. Methods: We reviewed works in several databases, while doing a comparative analysis of the chosen articles, excluding outdated or with low scientific impact information. Results: This article has managed to summarize the main information about neuroblastoma, allowing it to serve as a go-to source for health professionals. Conclusion: The diagnosis of neuroblastoma should be suspected when anamnesis and physical examination are associated with mass effect and paraneoplastic syndromes. Despite neuroblastoma being a disease with diagnostic methods and treatment long established, new protocol of staging have been emerging, adding new information about risk factors and genetic predispositions.


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Abdominal Neoplasms , Neuroblastoma
4.
Acta fisiátrica ; 24(3): 133-137, set. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-968423

ABSTRACT

Analisar o efeito da cinesioterapia em grupo sobre a qualidade de vida, adesão e desistência do programa, capacidade funcional, equilíbrio e marcha de idosas sedentárias. Método: Estudo experimental, amostra de idosas com média de idade de 69,83 (±7,76), que foram submetidas a um protocolo de cinesioterapia e randomizadas em três grupos (N=48), cinesioterapia em grupo (CG), cinesioterapia individual (CI) e controle (C); durante 12 semanas. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio do questionário SF-36, e as variáveis de equilíbrio e marcha através do teste de Tinetti. Utilizando os procedimentos estatísticos descritivos (média e desvio padrão) e o teste de Wilcoxon, admitindo-se o nível de significância de p < 0, 05. Resultados: Taxa de permanência: CG:n=9; GI:n=10; C:n=8 ;Teste de Tinetti:Grupo CG: escore total 9.26 X 13.1; Grupo GI 11.37 X 14.5. Não houve melhora no grupo C. SF-36: média de escores: (CG) Dor: 33.2 X 70.7; Aspectos emocionais 33.3 X 66.6; (GI) Capacidade funcional: 64 X 85.5; Aspectos emocionais: 77.7 X 88; Limitação funcional: 72.5X 100. Não houve melhora estatisticamente significativas no grupo C. Conclusão: Não foram encontradas diferenças expressivas em relação a taxa de desistência entre a dinâmica em grupo e a dinâmica individual no programa de cinesioterapia, no entanto os grupos experimentais apresentaram diferenças significativas com os testes, antes e pós intervenção, para melhora nos aspectos emocionais, melhora de limitações físicas, redução de dor, melhora no equilíbrio e marcha, mostrando assim eficácia e importância dessa atividade


Analyze the effect of group kinesiotherapy on quality of life, adherence and discontinuation of the program, functional ability, balance and gait of sedentary elderly women. Method: Experimental study, with a sample of elderly women over the age of 60 years (N=30). They were submitted to a kinesiotherapy protocol for twelve weeks after being randomized into three groups: collective kinesiotherapy (CK), individual kinesiotherapy (IK), and control group (CG). Quality of life with SF-36 survey, and the variables of balance and gait with Tinetti test were assessed. Descriptive statistical procedures and the Wilcoxon test were applied to evaluate the effect intra group and the Kruskal-wallis test for analyzing the variance between groups, with significance of p<0.05. Results: Adherence were: CK, n=10; IK, n=10; and CG, n=10. Tinetti test (before x after): CK total score, 9.26 X 13.1; IK total score, 11.37X14.5. There was not improvement in CG. SF-36 (mean scores, before x afer): CK Pain, 33.2 X 70.7; CK Emotional wellbeing 33.3X66.6; IK Functional capacity: 64X 85.5; IK Emotional aspects: 77.7 X 88; IK Functional limitation: 72.5X 100. There were no statistically significant changes in CG. Conclusion: We found no expressive differences regarding the kinesiotherapy program discontinuation between the intervention groups. However, both groups presented significant differences after the interventions in improvement of the emotional aspects, improvement of physical impairments, pain reduction, improvement of balance and gait, what evidences the efficacy and the relevance of this activity


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Quality of Life , Aging , Exercise , Sedentary Behavior , Clinical Trial , Prospective Studies
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(3): 379-383, 06/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-711736

ABSTRACT

An analysis of the dietary content of haematophagous insects can provide important information about the transmission networks of certain zoonoses. The present study evaluated the potential of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome B (cytb) gene to differentiate between vertebrate species that were identified as possible sources of sandfly meals. The complete cytb gene sequences of 11 vertebrate species available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database were digested with Aci I, Alu I, Hae III and Rsa I restriction enzymes in silico using Restriction Mapper software. The cytb gene fragment (358 bp) was amplified from tissue samples of vertebrate species and the dietary contents of sandflies and digested with restriction enzymes. Vertebrate species presented a restriction fragment profile that differed from that of other species, with the exception of Canis familiaris and Cerdocyon thous. The 358 bp fragment was identified in 76 sandflies. Of these, 10 were evaluated using the restriction enzymes and the food sources were predicted for four: Homo sapiens (1), Bos taurus (1) and Equus caballus (2). Thus, the PCR-RFLP technique could be a potential method for identifying the food sources of arthropods. However, some points must be clarified regarding the applicability of the method, such as the extent of DNA degradation through intestinal digestion, the potential for multiple sources of blood meals and the need for greater knowledge regarding intraspecific variations in mtDNA.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cattle , Dogs , Humans , Rats , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Cytochromes b/genetics , Psychodidae/physiology , Behavior, Animal/classification , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Horses , Meals , Mitochondria/enzymology , Opossums , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Psychodidae/classification , Swine
6.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 347-350, July-Sept. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-680081

ABSTRACT

Eagle's syndrome is characterized by cervicopharyngeal signs and symptoms associated with elongation of the styloid apophysis. This elongation may occur through ossification of the stylohyoid ligament, or through growth of the apophysis due to osteogenesis triggered by a factor such as trauma. Elongation of the styloid apophysis may give rise to intense facial pain, headache, dysphagia, otalgia, buzzing sensations, and trismus. Precise diagnosis of the syndrome is difficult, and it is generally confounded by other manifestations of cervicopharyngeal pain. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of Eagle's syndrome. CASE REPORT: A 53-year-old man reported lateral pain in his neck that had been present for 30 years. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck showed elongation and ossification of the styloid processes of the temporal bone, which was compatible with Eagle's syndrome. Surgery was performed for bilateral resection of the stylohyoid ligament by using a transoral and endoscopic access route. The patient continued to present pain laterally in the neck, predominantly on his left side. CT was performed again, which showed elongation of the styloid processes. The patient then underwent lateral cervicotomy with resection of the stylohyoid process, which partially resolved his painful condition. FINAL COMMENTS: Patients with Eagle's syndrome generally have a history of chronic pain. Appropriate knowledge of this disease is necessary for adequate treatment to be provided. The importance of diagnosing this uncommon and often unsuspected disease should be emphasized, given that correct clinical-surgical treatment is frequently delayed. The diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome is clinical and radiographic, and the definitive treatment in cases of difficult-to-control pain is surgical...


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Neck Pain/diagnosis , Oral Surgical Procedures , Osteogenesis , Case Reports
7.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 78(4): 42-47, jul.-ago. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-646769

ABSTRACT

O conhecimento anatomocirúrgico da artéria esfenopalatina (AEP) e de seus ramos é de fundamental importância para o sucesso no tratamento endoscópico da epistaxe posterior. Contudo, essa complexa variação anatômica da irrigação da cavidade nasal ainda é um desafio cirúrgico. OBJETIVO: Descrever a anatomia endoscópica da AEP em cadáveres humanos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte histórica com corte transversal de abril de 2010 a agosto de 2011. Foi descrita a presença da crista etmoidal da lâmina perpendicular do osso palatino, a localização do forame esfenopalatino principal (FEP) e acessório (FEA) e quantificados os ramos que emergem dos forames. RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 56 fossas nasais. A crista etmoidal estava presente em 96% dos casos e na maioria das vezes anterior ao FEP. O FEP se localizava na transição do meato médio para o meato superior em todos os casos. O FEA estava presente em 12 casos. Foi mais prevalente a presença de um único tronco arterial bilateral na emergência do FEP (43%). Em outros casos, observaram-se três (n = 8) e dois (n = 5) troncos arteriais, emergindo do FEP bilateralmente. Observou-se que na maioria dos casos um único tronco se emergia do FEA. CONCLUSÕES: A anatomia da artéria esfenopalatina é bastante variável. O conhecimento das possíveis variações anatômicas implica no sucesso do tratamento da epistaxe grave.


Knowledge on the anatomy of the sphenopalatine artery (SPA) and its branches is fundamental for the success of the endoscopic treatment of posterior epistaxis. However, the complex anatomical variations seen in the irrigation of the nasal cavity poses a significant surgical challenge. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to describe the endoscopic anatomy of the SPA in human cadavers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a contemporary cross-sectional cohort study carried out between April 2010 and August 2011. The presence of the ethmoidal crest on the lamina perpendicular to the palatine bone and the location of the principal sphenopalatine foramen (PSF) and the accessory sphenopalatine foramen (ASF) were analyzed in 28 cadavers, and the branches emerging from the foramens were counted. RESULTS: Fifty-six nasal fossae were analyzed. The ethmoidal crest was present in 96% of the cases and was located anteriorly to the PSF in most cases. The PSF was located in the transition area between the middle and the superior meatus in all cases. The ASF was seen in 12 cases. Most nasal fossae (n = 12) presented a single bilateral arterial trunk emerging from the PSF. In other cases, three (n = 8) or two (n = 5) arterial trunks emerged bilaterally from the PSF. In most cases, the SPA emerged as a single trunk from the ASP. CONCLUSIONS: The anatomy of the SPA is highly variable. The success of the treatment for severe epistaxis relies heavily on adequate knowledge of the possible anatomical variations of the sphenopalatine artery.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Epistaxis/surgery , Nasal Cavity/blood supply , Turbinates/blood supply , Arteries/anatomy & histology , Cadaver
10.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 13(3)jul.-set. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-534662

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A displasia fibrosa é uma lesão óssea com etiologia ainda desconhecida. Caracteriza-se pela incapacidade de maturação óssea. Pode acometer qualquer osso, mas é o acometimento dos ossos craniofaciais o de maior interesse na otorrinolaringologia. A maxila é o osso facial mais afetado, sendo a invasão orbitária um evento incomum. Os sintomas são inespecíficos e, pela baixa suspeição e raridade, o diagnóstico é geralmente tardio. A forma monostótica apresenta crescimento lento e curso assintomático, necessitando apenas de acompanhamento. O tipo poliostótico possui um comportamento progressivo e associa-se a recorrência e complicações. Objetivo: Apresentar dois casos de pacientes com diagnóstico de displasia fibrosa, discutindo a apresentação clínica, os achados radiológicos e o tratamento desta patologia. Relato do Caso: São relatados dois casos de displasia fibrosa que inicialmente apresentaram sintomatologia inespecífica, mas com sinais radiológicos característicos. Foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico para ressecção das lesões e evoluíram com recidivas frequentes com acometimento extenso de seios da face, sendo que em um paciente ocorreu invasão de base do crânio havendo necessidade de craniotomia frontal para excisão tumoral. Conclusão: A displasia fibrosa é uma osteopatia incomum. A tomografia é o método de eleição na caracterização da expansão tumoral, auxiliando no planejamento cirúrgico. A estratégica cirúrgica está indicada em lesões sintomáticas, alterações funcionais ou distorções anatômicas. O presente artigo descreve duas raras apresentações de displasia fibrosa recidivante com extenso acometimento de antro maxilar, seios etmoidais e esfenoidais, além de invasão orbitária e base do crânio.


Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia is an osseous lesion with an unknown etiology. It is characterized by the osseous maturation insufficiency. It may affect any bone, but the affection of craniofacial bones is the most critical for otorhinolaryngology. Maxilla is the most affected facial bone and the orbitary invasion is an uncommon event. The symptoms are unspecific and for its low suspicion and uncommonness, the diagnosis is generally late. The monostotic form presents a slow growth and asymptomatic course and needs to be followed up. The polyostotic type has a progressive behavior and is associated to recurrence and complications. Objective: To present two cases of patients with fibrous dysplasia diagnosis and describe the clinical presentation, radiological findings and the treatment of this pathology. Cases Report: Two cases of fibrous dysplasia are reported, which initially presented unspecific symptomatology, but with characteristic radiologic signs. They were submitted to surgical treatment for resection of the lesions and evolved with frequent recurrences with extensive affection of the facial sinuses, one patient had cranial base invasion and frontal craniotomy was needed for tumoral excision. Final Comments: Fibrous dysplasia is an uncommon osteopathy. The tomography is the choice method for characterization of the tumoral expansion, and helps in the surgical planning. The surgical strategy is indicated for symptomatic lesions, functions alterations or anatomic disorders. This article describes two uncommon manifestations of recurrent fibrous dysplasia with an extensive affection of anthro maxillary, ethmoidal and sphenoid sinuses, in addition to orbitary and cranial base invasion.


Subject(s)
Female , Headache/etiology , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic , Maxillary Sinus , Nasal Obstruction , Skull Base
11.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 13(2): 125-129, Apr. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538218

ABSTRACT

Knowledge of genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has clinical importance due to genotype 1 lower response to treatment compared with genotypes 2 and 3. The goal of this survey was to describe clinical and laboratorial profiles of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in the State of Piauí, as well as to expand the overall awareness of the distribution of HCV genotyping in Northeast of Brazil. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out between April 1999 and August 2005. A total of 153 patients were included, 119 (77.8 percent) males and 34 (22.2 percent) females; mean age = 48.01 ± 9.11 years. We observed a homogeneous distribution between genotypes 1 (50.0 percent) and 3 (49.0 percent), while the most frequent subtype noticed was 3a (49.0 percent). The mean viral load among patients with subtype 1b (1,232,476 UI/mL) was significantly superior to the subtype 1a (391,204 UI/mL; p = 0.010) and to the subtype 3a (594,228 UI/mL; p = 0.047). The average levels of gamma-glutamiltransferase of genotype 1 (144 mg/dL) had statistical differences when compared to genotype 3 (74 mg/dL; p = 0.014). Most patients showed mild to moderate degrees of histopathological necroinflammatory activity and hepatic fibrosis (79.0 percent and 56.2 percent, respectively). We concluded that most candidates to treatment of CHC in the State of Piauí presented with clinically stable hepatic illness; the distribution of genotypes 1 and 3 was virtually homogeneous; and there was no significant demographic or clinical differences among genotypes or subtypes of HCV.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/blood , Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Viral Load , Young Adult
12.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 50(6): 327-332, Nov.-Dec. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-499794

ABSTRACT

The AIDS epidemic has become a worldwide phenomenon of enormous magnitude and extension, deeply transforming medical practices and public health initiatives. This retrospective survey aimed to analyze clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with HIV/AIDS admitted to the Institute of Tropical Diseases Natan Portella, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, from January, 2001 through December, 2004. Of the 828 patients, 43 percent were from other states and 71.3 percent were men. Average patient age was 35.4 ± 11.5 years-old and 85.5 percent were illiterate or had primary education. The main form of exposure to HIV was heterosexual behavior (54.1 percent), while injectable drug use was confirmed by only 2.7 percent of registered cases. The most frequent infectious complications were candidiasis (42.4 percent) and pneumocystosis (22.2 percent). Sixty-eight cases (8.2 percent) of visceral leishmaniasis were registered. Using multivariate analysis, individuals aged over 40 years-old, patients with active tuberculosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and central nervous system cryptococcosis showed increased risk of death. In this study, young male adults with low educational levels predominated and the most frequent opportunistic infections were candidiasis and pneumocystosis.


A epidemia de AIDS tornou-se um fenômeno mundial de grande magnitude e extensão, transformando profundamente a prática médica e as iniciativas em saúde pública. O estudo retrospectivo analisou as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS internados no Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2004 . Dos 828 pacientes, 43 por cento eram provenientes de outros estados e 71,3 por cento eram do sexo masculino. A idade média foi 35,4 ± 11,5 anos. Eram analfabetos ou cursaram até o ensino fundamental 85,5 por cento. A principal via de exposição ao HIV foi o comportamento heterossexual (54,1 por cento), enquanto o uso de drogas injetáveis foi observado em apenas 2,7 por cento dos casos registrados. As complicações infecciosas mais freqüentes foram candidíase (42,4 por cento) e pneumocistose (22,2 por cento). Foram computados 68 casos de leishmaniose visceral. Em análise multivariada, idade acima de 40 anos, portadores de tuberculose, pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinii, neurocriptococcose associaram-se a maior risco de evolução para o óbito. Predominaram, neste estudo, adultos jovens do sexo masculino, com baixa escolaridade, tendo como infecções oportunistas mais freqüentes candidíase e pneumocistose.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , HIV Infections/epidemiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Educational Status , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Young Adult
13.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 17(2): 107-116, 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-488078

ABSTRACT

O teste imunocromatográfico rápido IT-LEISH® (DiaMed IT-LEISH®) foi validado para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral (LV) em quatro áreas endêmicas do Brasil. O desempenho do IT-LEISH® foi comparado ao da reação de imunofluorescência indireta; e ao da reação imunoenzimática, usando-se antígeno solúvel de Leishmania chagasi e recombinante K39 (rK39). O estudo incluiu 332 pacientes com quadro clínico sugestivo de LV: 213 casos de LV confirmados parasitologicamente; e 119 não-casos, com confirmação de outra etiologia. O teste IT-LEISH® apresentou sensibilidade de 93 por cento e especificidade de 97 por cento. As técnicas RIFI (imunofluorescência indireta), ELISA L. chagasi e ELISA rK39 apresentaram sensibilidade de 88 por cento, 92 por cento e 97 por cento e especificidades de 81 por cento, 77 por cento e 84 por cento, respectivamente. Os resultados confirmam a validade do teste IT-LEISH® para o diagnóstico da LV no Brasil...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis
14.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(3a): 587-591, set. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-460791

ABSTRACT

Knowledge of the population in regards to stroke has clinical and epidemiological importance. Prompt identification of the symptoms means efficient medical attendance within the window of therapeutic opportunities reducing significantly the morbi-mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the level of knowledge of the population of Teresina (PI) concerning factors of risk, symptoms and treatment of stroke. The door-to-door study was carried out by means of a standardized application of questionnaire on risk factors, symptoms and attitude when faced with a stroke victim. 991 forms were selected. Factors of risk more cited were hypertension identified by 416 [42.0 percent] and hyperlipidemia 284 [28.7 percent]. The most remembered symptoms were headache 277 [28.0 percent] and hemiplegia 219 [22.1 percent]. 375 (37.8 percent) respondents were unable to identify any risk factors and and 410 (41.4 percent) any symptom. The lack of knowledge of the population of Teresina in relation to stroke reflects the need for intervention through public and professional educational campaigns.


O conhecimento da população sobre doenças cerebrovasculares (DCV) possui importância clínica e epidemiológica. A rápida identificação dos sintomas significará atendimento médico eficiente dentro das janelas de oportunidades terapêuticas reduzindo significativamente a morbimortalidade. Objetivou-se avaliar o nível de conhecimento da população de Teresina (PI) acerca dos fatores de risco, sintomas e tratamento das DCV. O estudo populacional, porta-a-porta, foi conduzido mediante aplicação padronizada de um questionário sobre fatores de risco, sintomas e atitude diante de um caso de DCV. Foram eleitos 991 formulários preenchidos. Os fatores de risco mais citados foram hipertensão arterial identificada por 416 [42,0 por cento] e hiperlipidemia 284 [28,7 por cento]. Os sintomas mais lembrados foram cefaléia 277 [28,0 por cento] e hemiplegia 219 [22,1 por cento]. Não identificaram nenhum fator de risco 375 (37,8 por cento) respondedores e 410 (41,4 por cento), nenhum sintoma. O reduzido conhecimento da população de Teresina com relação às DCV reflete a necessidade de intervenção com campanhas educativas públicas e profissionais nesta população.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Stroke , Urban Population , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Headache/etiology , Hemiplegia/etiology , Hyperlipidemias/complications , Hypertension/complications , Income , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Stroke/diagnosis , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/therapy
15.
J. bras. nefrol ; 24(1): 40-47, mar. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-318818

ABSTRACT

As alteraçöes túbulo-intersticiais têm sido consideradas as responsáveis pela progressäo das doenças renais. As principais lesöes encontradas, entre as lesöes túbulo-intersticiais, säo a presença do infiltrado túbulo-intersticial de células mononucleares e a fibrose túbulo-intersticial do parênquima renal. O infiltrado inflamatório túbulo-intersticial de célula mononuclear é evento precoce e está associado à queda de filtraçäo glomerular. Os linfócitos e os monócitos predominam no infiltrado intersticial. Linfócitos T CD4+ associam-se à diminuiçäo da funçäo renal. Os autores descrevem os fatores(proteinúria, secreçäo de fatores quimiotáticos e de fatores de crescimento celular) que determinam o aparecimento do infiltrado túbulo-intersticial de célula mononuclear, principalmente de linfócitos T, e os mecanismos pelos quais o infiltrado inflamatório contribui para a progressäo da lesäo renal e terapêuticas relacionadas à inibiçäo de proliferaçäo de células T.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney , Nephritis, Interstitial , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Immunity, Cellular , Monocytes , T-Lymphocytes
18.
J. bras. patol ; 36(1): 59-62, jan.-mar. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-275774

ABSTRACT

O LES afeta múltiplo orgäos e sistemas. Lesäo pancreática é rara, ocorrendo geralmente associada à doença com intensa atividade e envolvimento de vários orgäos. Relatamos um caso de paciente de 27 anos que foi ao óbito após um quadro de dor abdominal e hiperamilasemia. Na autopsia, observamos vasculite sistêmica necrosante, do tipo poliarterite nodosa, comprometendo particularmente o pâncreas e determinando pancreatite crônica calcificante. Os autores discutem a evoluçäo incomum e o papel da vasculite na patogênese das lesöes pancreáticas no LES


Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology , Pancreatitis/diagnosis , Pancreatitis/etiology , Pancreatitis/physiopathology , Vasculitis/complications
20.
J. bras. nefrol ; 21(1): 7-12, mar. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-247786

ABSTRACT

A influencia do ion superoxido na evolution da nefropatia por adriamicina foi avaliada usando-se alopurinol para inibir sua sintese.Sessenta ratos Wistar machos foram divididos em 6 grupos.No primeiro dia do experimento 3 grupos receberam salina(GCS,GCSTA eGCSTC) e 3 receberam adriamicina(GNC,GNTA,GNTC)Dois grupos(GCSTA eGNTA)foram tratados com alopurinol 3 horas antes e 1 minuto depois da inoculacao com salina(GCTA) ou adriamicina(GNTA).em dois grupos adicionais o tratamento com alopurinol foi mantido ate o fim do experimento(4 semanas).Os grupos tratados com adriamicina apresentaram proteinuria macica da semana 2 ate a semana 4.Apenas na semana 2 observou-se diferenca estatistica entre a proteinuria dos tres grupos tratados com adriamicina.((GNC=129,2+ou -17,5mg/24h:GNTA=85,4+ ou -15,9mg/24h:GNTC=87,8+ ou -15,9mg/24h;p maior0,01)A microscopia optica os animais inoculados com adriamicina apresentaram somente lesoes tubulo-intersticiais tais como cilindros intratubulares,dilatacao e atrofia tubular e infiltrado inflamatorio intersticial.Nao houve diferenca significativa do indice de lesao tubulo-interstitical entre os tres grupos nefroticos(GNC=8;GNTA=6;GNTC=4;p menor0,05).Conclusao:Em ratos com nefropatia por adriamicina,o uso de alopurinol associou-se com diminuicao transitoria da proteinuria,mas nao alterou a lesao tubulo-intersticial


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Allopurinol/administration & dosage , Allopurinol/adverse effects , Allopurinol/urine , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Kidney Diseases/physiopathology
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