ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine association of p53 overexpression with hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology in collaboration with Department of Oncology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from January 2017 to January 2018
Methodology: All adult female patients coming to Department of Oncology with reports of breast cancer biopsy and receptor status were included. Their age, type of surgery, grade of cancer, stage of cancer, and hormone receptor status were noted from records. P53 immunomarker was applied on tumor containing tissue blocks. Pearson Chi-square test was run for strength of association between the variables using SPSS V. 22
Results: Mean age of 91 patients at diagnosis was 48 years ±12.49. Fifty-five [60.4%] patients had ER positive tumors, 36 [39.6%] were ER negative, 53 [58.2%] had PR positive status, and 38 [41.8%] were negative. Same number was seen in HER2 neu staining. Out of 91 cases, 31 [34.1%] were p53 positive and 60 [65.9%] were negative. Out of 55 [60.4%] ER positive cases, 11 [12.1%] were positive for p53 and 44 [48.4%] were p53 negative [p<0.001]. PR positive cases [53/58.2%] showed p53 positivity in 7 [7.7%] and negativity in 46 [50.5%] cases [p< 0.001]. HER2 positive cases were positive for p53 stain in 8 [8.8%] and negative in 45 [49.5%] cases [p<0.001]. Fifteen [16.48%] biopsies were negative for all three hormone receptors. P53 was positive in all of these hormone receptor negative tumors [15/15, 100%], although 9 [60%] showed strong positivity and 6 [40%] exhibited weak staining intensity of p53
Conclusion: P53 overexpression is less frequent in hormone receptor positive breast cancers. However, hormone receptor negative [triple negative] tumors overwhelmingly overexpress p53 protein in tumor cells. P53, detected either immunohistochemically or serologically, can serve to predict poor prognosis and survival in breast cancer patients, unless newer anti-p53 treatments are introduced in Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine association of immunohistochemical expression intensity of p53 with grade and stage of urothelial cancers
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional analytical study
Place and Duration of Study: Pathology Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from January to December 2016
Methodology: Data of transurethral resection/radical cystesctomy urinary bladder biopsies was collected. Clinical, radiological and cystoscopic findings of patients were noted from patients' charts in the Urology Ward. Biopsies were graded histologically according to WHO 2004 grading system. TNM system was used for pathological staging. On selected slides, immunoshistochemistry for p53 was applied. Nuclear immunoreactivity was considered positive if present in >10% of tumor cells and negative if <10% of tumor cells. Intensity was considered weak [less than 15% cells] and strong [more than 15% cells]. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. Linear-by-linear association was calculated between p53 expression and stage of urothelial tumors, Chi-Square test was used to see association between grade and intensity of p53. Qualitative variables, like grade and stage of carcinoma along with p53 expression, were calculated in terms of frequencies and percentages. P
Results: Out of the 70 patients, 61 [87%] were males and 9 [13%] females. Out of 25 low grade lesions, 4 [16%] cases were p53 positive; and out of 45 high grade lesions, 41 [91%] cases were p53 positive. There was 33% [2/6 cases] positivity in Tis, 55% [16/29 cases] in T1, 72% in T2 [21/29], and 100% in T3a [5/5 cases] and T3b [1/1 case]. Strong intensity of p53 staining was noted to be 5.4% [n=25] of low grade and 94.6% [n=45] of high grade tumors
Conclusion: p53 expression was greater and more frequently strong in higher grade and stage of urothelial carcinoma. It can be used as a prognostic marker in predicting higher grade and stage of bladder cancer