relationship between widths of upper anterior teeth and facial widths

The scope of the study was to determine the ratio between maxillary anterior teeth widths to width of facial proportions in a dental college in Karachi, Pakistan. The widths of facial proportions were determined using a Vernier Caliper. The widths of maxillary anterior teeth were measured intraorally using Boley's gauge on a sample of 116 human subjects visiting the Diagnosis Department in Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, [DIKIOHS], Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. All readings were measured in millimeters. Pearson's correlation test was applied and it showed no significant relation between width of central incisor and bizygomatic width [0.11]. But a significant relationship was found between intercanine width and width of mouth [0.03], width of philtrum and mean width of central incisors [p=0.05], interalar width and intercanine width [p=0.00]. Facial proportions solely do not provide a secure prototype in selecting maxillary anterior teeth and could result in selecting larger teeth in size

Bonding of acrylic resin teeth with denture base resin

The debonding of acrylic resin teeth with the denture base resin has been related to several different factors of which contamination of the bonding surfaces with wax has been suggested as the major cause. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficient method of wax removal from denture teeth using hot water at different temperatures ranges. Acrylic rods were used as tooth analogues and Raman spectroscopy was used to detect the presence of wax on the surfaces of the specimens. It was found that none of the techniques studied was able to remove all of the wax. Abraded ridge-lap surface showed least wax contamination when dewaxed at 100 degree C as compared to dewaxed at 85 degreeC and 65 degree C respectively. The spectrum for each specimen demonstrated peaks at different wavelengths and varying intensities, the spectra demonstrated traces of wax on abraded surfaces showed least wax when dewaxed at 100 degreeC as compared abraded surfaces dewaxed at 65 degree C and 85 degree C temperatures respectively

Maternal morbidity and perinatal outcome in preterm premature rupture of membranes before 37 weeks gestation

To assess the maternal morbidity and perinatal outcome in pre-term pre mature rupture of membranes between 24 to 37 weeks gestation. This observational study was carried out in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Unit -1, at University Hospital Hyderabad, from October 2010 to October 2011. It included one hundred patients admitted through the outpatient department, as well as from casualty department of University Hospital Hyderabad. Detailed Clinical examination of the patient was done. Systemic review was also done to see any co-morbidity. All patients had laboratory investigations. Inclusion criteria were all patients gestational age between 24 to 37 weeks with preterm premature rupture of membrane [PPROM] confirmed by ultrasound and clinical examination regardless of their age. Exclusion criteria were patients with congenital anomalies, multiple pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, polyhydramniosl intrauterine growth restriction and placenta abruption. Data was collected using a proforma. Detailed workup including history, general physical examination, abdomen and pelvic examination and relevant specific investigations were noted. Out of 100 patients included in this study Primigravida were 17% and multigravida 83%. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 20to > 40 years. The mean age was 30+ 3.1 years. Mostly patients belonged to the poor class in 72% cases followed by middle class in 21% and upper class 7%, Analysis shows that out of 100 mothers 26% had PROM of < 24 hrs duration and 74% had > 24 hrs of duration. Maternal outcome in 16 cases of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane findings revealed septicemia in 12% cases and Chorioamnionitis in 12% cases. Fetal outcome in 27 cases of preterm premature rupture of membrane revealed prematurity in 5% cases, fetal distress in 4% cases, cord compression in 5% cases, necrotizing enterocolitis in 2% cases, hypoxia in 9% cases and pulmonary hypoplasia in 2% cases. Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased neonatal morbidity due to fetal distress, cord compression, necrotizing enterocolitis, hypoxia and pulmonary hypoplasia at the time of delivery. An appropriate and accurate diagnosis of PROM is critical to optimize pregnancy outcome. It is suggested that the timely diagnosis and management of preterm PROM will allow obstetric care providers to optimize perinatal outcome and minimize neonatal morbidity