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Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565807

ABSTRACT

Introducción: se ha demostrado que uno de cada tres accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) isquémicos es consecuencia de una fibrilación auricular (FA) no conocida y, por ende, no tratada. Por eso es de vital importancia el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de la FA, ya que el ACV isquémico es un motivo frecuente de ingreso hospitalario. Objetivos: determinar las características clínicas de pacientes con ACV isquémico y FA internados en el Hospital XX, durante los años 2021 y 2022. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes de ambos sexos, mayores de edad, con FA y ACV isquémico confirmados por electrocardiograma y tomografía. Las variables se obtuvieron de los expedientes clínicos. La investigación fue aprobada por el comité de ética de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa. Resultados: se estudiaron 113 pacientes. La edad media fue 69 ± 10 años, el 54,87% (62) fueron varones. Entre los factores de riesgo, 96,46% eran conocidos con hipertensión arterial y 61,06% con diabetes mellitus. En 24 (21%) pacientes se realizó ecocardiograma y 14 tenían dilatación auricular, con una media de 44 ± 8 mm, y 11 de éstos tenían estenosis mitral. La media de frecuencia cardiaca era 92 ± 18 latidos/min. El ictus isquémico se presentó como debut en 52,21% y de éstos solo 7,08% se conocían portadores de FA. Entre los portadores conocidos de FA 7,08% recibían anticoagulación con acenocumarol. No se encontraron pacientes en tratamiento con otros anticoagulantes. Conclusión: el 22,12% de los pacientes con ACV isquémico estaban diagnosticados con FA. Aproximadamente, un tercio de los pacientes con FA bajo el régimen de anticoagulación no alcanzaron rangos terapéuticos ni una frecuencia cardiaca controlada.


Introduction: It has been shown that one in three ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) is a consequence of unknown and, therefore, untreated atrial fibrillation (AF). That is why timely diagnosis and treatment of AF is of vital importance since ischemic stroke is a frequent reason for hospital admission. Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics of patients with ischemic stroke and AF hospitalized at Hospital XX, during 2021 and 2022. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out. Male and female adult patients, with AF and ischemic stroke confirmed by electrocardiogram and tomography were included. The variables were obtained from the clinical records. The research study was approved by the ethics committee of the National University of Itapúa. Results: One hundred thirteen patients were studied. The mean age was 69 ± 10 years, and 54.87% (62) were men. Among the risk factors, 96.46% were known to have arterial hypertension, and 61.06% were known to have diabetes mellitus. An echocardiogram was performed in 24 (21%) patients, 14 had atrial dilation, with a mean of 44 ± 8 mm, and 11 of these had mitral stenosis. The mean heart rate was 92 ± 18 beats/min. Ischemic stroke occurred as a debut in 52.21% and of these, only 7.08% were known to have AF. Among known AF carriers, 7.08% received anticoagulation with acenocoumarol. No patients were found being treated with other anticoagulants. Conclusion: AF was diagnosed in 22.12% of patients with ischemic stroke. Approximately one-third of AF patients on anticoagulation regimens did not achieve therapeutic ranges or a controlled heart rate.

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