ABSTRACT
Background: First year MBBS curriculum in Biochemistry is taught by the conventional methods of teaching in which didactic lectures share almost 70% of the total content load, in which students fail to grasp the importance of biochemistry and its significant contribution in medical laboratory science. Hence, case-based learning (CBL) is being used in the medical curriculum, so that students are exposed to the real-life medical problems. Aim and Objectives: The study aimed implementation of CBL sessions in 1st year MBBS students and to analyze perception of students and faculty about the effectiveness of CBL method. Materials and Methods: A group of 150 students of Phase 1 MBBS course was selected for interventional study comprising two teaching-learning sessions on two core topics in biochemistry. Pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the CBL session. A third test was conducted 1 month after the post-test to assess retention of knowledge gained by the students. The performance of the students was analyzed. Results: Pre-test and post-test analysis showed a very significant improvement in performance of the students after the CBL sessions. About 95% of the students and 90% of faculty reported that CBL sessions were useful to facilitate critical thinking through active learning. About 85% of students and 80% of faculty expressed that CBL helped in bridging the gap between theory and practice. Conclusion: It is evident from the present study that CBL in biochemistry can be implemented as innovative and effective teaching module to achieve the learning objectives. Case studies encourage active learning, promote critical thinking, and instill motivation in the subject.
ABSTRACT
Background:Chronicsuppurative otitis media tubotympanic type is a common pathology for which tympanoplasty is done. The decision to decide the approach for tympanoplasty de pends upon multiple factors like extent of disease, site and size of perforation, size of external auditory canal and surgeon’s own expertise and preference. This study was undertaken to compare endoscopic and microscopic approach for type-1 tympanoplasty.Material And Methods:This study data was collected from 50 patients who underwent tympanoplasty in our department in our hospital from July –2017 to November 2019.Patients above 15 years of age with inactive chronic otitis media tubotympanic type operated for type-1 tympanoplasty. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative data collected as per performa and evaluated.Result:Equal (25) number of cases underwent microscopic and endoscopic type-1 tympanolasty. As far as graft taken up is concern both approaches have good and comparable result. Hearing gain is almost similar in both approaches -Endoscopic approach-10.80 dB; microscopic approach-11.23 dB.Both methods do not have any major complications. Endoscopic approach has advantage of depth and angled vision. Endoscopic approach (57.2 min.) also saves surgical time than microscopic approach (89.4 min.) and comparatively good cosmetic result. Microscopic approach has upper hand over endoscopic appr oach in having two hande d surgery with magnified surgical view. Patient compliance and satisfaction is more with endoscopic approach.Conclusion:Both microscopic and endoscopic methods are excellent for type-1 tympanoplasty with advantage and limitation of each method. A careful selection of patient is necessary for endoscopic approach.
ABSTRACT
Background:In our routine practice patient were undergone CT scan of brain as well as other laboratory investigation for various traumatic brain injury and neurological complain and its management. They visit many premises for diagnosis and investigation. If we can predict the hemoglobin level from CT brain itself, we can reduce turnaround time for patient and increase throughput of patients for hospital. Keeping this in mind we had conducted this study to see the correlation between hemoglobin level and CT attenuation value of cranial Dural sinuses.Material And Methods:A prospective observational study was performed to demonstrate association between computed tomography (CT) attenuation value (Hounsfield unit (HU)) of dural venous sinuses and hemoglobin level from unenhanced CT scan of the brain. The non-contrast CT brain of total 245 patients done during October 2017 to September 2018 at medical college attached tertiary care was observed. Two measurements of HU value were taken on two adjacent slices using 10mm2 of ROI for each site, from superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and torcular herophili (TOH). The value was averaged for superior sagittal sinus, confluence of sinus and is compared with hemoglobin of patients.Result:Mean HU VALUE in SSS of females and male had 48.47 and 51.85 respectively. Mean HU VALUE in TOH of females and male had 47.46 and 50.93 respectively. Positive and significant correlation was noted between HB and SSS average, HB and TOH Average.Conclusion:Based on our result CT attenuation value (HU) value of torcular herophili and superior sagittal sinus from unenhanced CT scan of brain can be used to predict the hemoglobin level of a person. The HU value of sinus can give insight into pathology such as anemia, polycythemia or cranial sinus thrombosis.