Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 2 de 2
Filter
Add filters








Language
Year range
1.
ARS med. (Santiago, En línea) ; 44(4): 24-30, dic-2019. Artículo de investigación
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1145762

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: explorar la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿De qué manera el nivel socioeconómico de una persona, específicamente el nivel de pobreza se asocia a las características de las exposiciones agudas a sustancias con potencial tóxico en Chile? Métodos: estudio epidemiológico, de diseño transversal y semi-ecológico. Se recopiló información proveniente de una muestra de casos atendidos por el Centro de información toxicológica y de medicamentos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CITUC). La variable independiente corresponde al índice de pobreza comunal de la Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional (CASEN). Las variables dependientes fueron las características de las exposiciones registradas por el centro toxicológico de acuerdo con el nivel de pobreza de los casos observados. Se analizó el fenómeno a través de tablas cruzadas, cálculo de Odds Ratio con análisis estratificado. Resultados: se observan diferencias significativas en las circunstancias de las exposiciones: las personas que viven en comunas con mayor porcentaje de pobreza muestran más exposiciones intencionales versus aquellas con menor porcentaje de pobreza. Otro hallazgo significativo es el uso del sistema de salud en casos de exposiciones dependiente de la situación socioeconómica. Para las otras variables no se encuentran diferencias significativas entre los grupos comparados. Conclusio-nes: se observa una relación entre el nivel de pobreza y las exposiciones a sustancias potencialmente tóxicas. Los resultados abren una línea investigativa y nuevas interrogantes que podrían generar medidas de control de las intoxicaciones en Chile.Palabras clave:toxicología; exposición a compuestos químicos; envenenamiento; determinantes sociales de la saludAbstractObjective: explore the following research question: How is a person's socio-economic level, the poverty, associated with the characteristics of acute exposures to substances with toxic potential in Chile?. Methods: epidemiological, cross-sectional and semi-ecological study. Information collected from a sample of cases attended by the Centre for Toxicological and Drug Information of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (CITUC). The independent variable corresponds to the communal poverty index of the National Socioeconomic Characterization Survey. Dependent variables were the characteristics of the exposures recorded by the toxicological center according to the poverty level of the cases observed. The phenomenon is analyzed through cross-tables, calculating Odds Ratios with stratified analysis. Results: significant differences observed in the circumstances of exposures: people living in communes with higher poverty rates show more intentional exposures versus those with lower poverty rates. Another significant finding is the use of the health system in cases of exposures, depending on the socio-economic situation. For the other variables, there are no significant differences between the compared groups. Conclusions: there is a link between the poverty level and acute exposures to potentially toxic substances. The results open a research line and new questions that could generate measures to control poisonings in Chile.Keywords:poisoning; social determinants of health; poverty(1) Centro de Información Toxicológica y de Medicamentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.(2) Unidad docente de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.(3) Departamento de Salud del Adulto y Senescente, Escuela de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.(4) Departamento de Laboratorios Clínicos, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.(5) Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.Autor de correspondencia: Juan Carlos Ríos jriosb@uc.clFecha de envío: 19 de agosto de 2019 - Fecha de aceptación: 26 de diciembre de 2019


Subject(s)
Humans , Chemical Compound Exposure , Social Determinants of Health , Poisoning , Toxicology , Chile
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(12): 1527-1534, dic. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094186

ABSTRACT

Background Losartan is widely used in many clinicals settings. Its dosage is related to the genetic characteristics of CYP2C9 enzymatic activity, which metabolizes losartan to its active form E-3174, responsible for the antihypertensive effect. Aims To identify the frequency of allelic variants CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 in hypertensive patients and to compare genotypes with a healthy Chilean population. To relate polymorphisms with the losartan dosing to obtain an optimal blood pressure. Material and Methods We studied 30 patients with controlled essential hypertension using losartan with normal liver function, and 202 healthy people. Peripheral blood DNA genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction to identify the polymorphisms. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared. Results In hypertensive patients, allelic frequencies were 0.85 (CYP2C9*1), 0.05 (CYP2C9*2) and 0.1 (CYP2C9*3). Genotypic frequencies were 73.3% (CYP2C9*1/*1), 6.7% (CYP2C9*1/*2), 16.7% (CYP2C9*1/*3) and 3.3% (CYP2C9*2/3); observing a significantly higher frequency of the allele CYP2C9*3 (p=0.041) and CYP2C9*1/*3 genotype (p=0.04). A non-significant tendency to need a larger dose of losartan was observed with the CYP2C9 * 3 allele, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.46 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.01-18.64). The same tendency was observed with the need to use losartan twice a day, obtaining an OR of 5.88 (CI 0.54 -62.14). Conclusions There could be a relationship between the presence of CYP2C9 polymorphisms and the pathogenesis of hypertension. The presence of CYP2C9*3 is associated with the need for higher doses of losartan, possibly due to a decrease in the conversion of losartan to E-3174.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Genetic , Losartan/administration & dosage , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9/genetics , Hypertension/genetics , Hypertension/drug therapy , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Gene Frequency , Genotype
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL