Misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage: a prospective clinical trial

To evaluate the efficacy of 600 mcg misoprostol, given orally in management of the third stage of labor to minimize blood loss in the early postpartum hours. Prospective controlled trial. Kasr El-Aini Hospital. Women who were in labor between 36 to 42 weeks were divided into two groups, each including one hundred women Group A: Received no postpartum medications. Group B: Received misoprostol 600 micrograms [3tb.] orally postpartum. There were statistically significant differences in the mean duration of the third stage of labor, blood pressure and pulse between the control and misoprostol groups. A lager number of patients in the control group had bleeding from 500-1000 ml however, there was no significant difference in lab results between both groups within the first 6 hours postpartum. Oral misoprostol is effective in prevention of postpartum haemorrhage. The exact dose should be further investigated

New onset diabetes mellitus after renal transplantation: impact of immunosuppresssive and antihypertensive therapy

The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of immunosuppresssive and antihypertensive therapy in the diabetic state after renal transplantation especially impaired fasting glucose [IGF], and impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]. A total of 67 consecutive renal transplant recipients without previously known diabetes underwent a 75gm oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] 3 months after renal transplantation. BMI, daily prednisolone dose, creatinine clearance, hypertension, number of antihypertensive agents and the use of diuretics or 3 blockers were POSITIVELY associated with, impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], namely impaired fasting glucose [IGF], and abnormal glucose tolerance [ACT] [p<0.05]. After multiple regression analysis, BMI [p<0.001], daily prednisolone dose [p<0.001], cytomegalovirus infection [p<0.03], and triglycerides [p<0.034], were shown to be independent predictors of posttransplant ACT. Increasing daily prednisolone dose is an independent predictor of impaired fasting glucose after renal transplantation. Hypertension and the use of diuretics and beta blockers may also deteriorate glucose tolerance [CT] in this group of patients

Assessment of pulmonary ventilatory functions in hypothyroidism

This study was designed in order to assess impairment of pulmonary functions tests [PFT] in patients with hypothyroidism to know if they are obstructive or restrictive ones. Forty female hypothyroid patients selected from the endocrine Outpatient Clinic in Kasr El-Aini Hospital were studied. Twenty normal subjects served as the control group. Serum free T3, free T4 and TSH were measured in all subjects to confirm or exclude hypothyroidism. All subjects were subjected to PFT using the microspiro-HI-SO1. PFT included: Vital capacity [VC], forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume-1 [FEV1], peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR], forced expiratory flow 25%, 50% and 75% forced expiratory flow 25-75% and maximum voluntary ventilation [MVV]. The results revealed restrictive lung functions in hypothyroid patients in the form of significant decrease in VC%, FVC%, FEVl and MVV% in association with normal FEV1/FVC% in both controlled and uncontrolled hypothyroid. There was significant decrease in PEFR%, FEF25% and FEF25-75% in uncontrolled hypothyroid compared to normal. There was significant negative correlation between TSH and FVC% [r = 0.4 and p = 0.01], FEV1% [r = -0.4 and p = 0.01], PEFR% [r = -0.3 and p = 0.04] and MVV%, [r = -0.4 and p = 0.01]. it was concluded that hypothyroidism causes a predominant restrictive pattern of ventilatory dysfunction, but mixed pattern might occur. These abnormalities in ventilatory dysfunction ameliorated with thyroxin replacement and controlling hypothyroid state

Effects of aerobic exercise on control of hyperglycemia in type II diabetes mellitus.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of exercise on the diabetic control of 22 female patients with type II diabetes mellitus. A regular aerobic exercise was done every other day for 30 minutes over a period of four weeks. At the end of the study, blood sugar, blood lipids and body mass index were compared with the same parameters at the start of the study. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in fasting and postprandial blood sugar level. The fasting blood glucose was decreased from 179.6 +/- 76.3 mg/dl to reach 149.5 +/- 69.7 mg/dl, this was statistically significant. Postprandial blood glucose decreased from 239.5 +/- 88.8 mg/dl to reach 204.1 +/- 97.1 mg/dl, this was statistically significant. Also, there was a significant decrease in serum triglycerides after exercise. The fasting serum triglyceride before exercise was 122.5 +/- 42.2 mg/dl and after the exercise was 106.8 +/- 341 mg/dl, this was statistically significant. The decrease in serum cholesterol, LDL and body mass index had no statistical significance and also the changes in HDL were of no statistical significance

Clinical incidence of diabetic neuropathy in Egyptian diabetic patients

This work showed an incidence of 67.4% autonomic neuropathy, 80.7% sensory neuropathy and 26.2% motor neuropathy in Egyptian diabetic patients. Diabetic neuropathies were more prevalent in older patients, more in patients with longer duration of diabetes mellitus, more in patients with family history of diabetes mellitus, more in patients with insidious onset of disease, more in smokers and more in patients with history of diabetic ketoacidosis. There was no differences between the prevalence of neuropathy in males and females and type II diabetes mellitus. There was a high association between the presence of hypertension, ischemic heart disease and both autonomic and sensory neuropathy. The study showed also that diabetes mellitus caused elevation of the threshold for perception of vibration

Effect of exercise on blood lipids and blood sugar in non insulin dependent diabetics

The effect of muscular exercise on blood lipids and blood glucose was evaluated in 25 patients with non insulin dependent diabetics and 10 healthy non diabetic subjects. Diabetic patients following continuous moderately severe exercise showed a significant drop in blood glucose, serum triglycerides and cholesterol and a significant increase in serum free fatty acids. The study showed that implementation of muscular exercise regimen for diabetic patients has a favorable metabolic effect and is beneficial on the long run reducing the daily drug needs and improves risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The study also stressed the beneficial effect of exercise in healthy persons decreasing their blood sugar and serum lipids pointing to a possible prophylactic role against diabetes and other risk factors of cardiovascular diseases

Estimation of sorbitol in red blood cells of diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy

Fasting blood sugar and red cell sorbitol were estimated in forty two diabetics of both types with and without peripheral neuropathy. The results were compared with sixteen normal subjects. It was found that red cell sorbitol was higher in diabetics than in control subject. also the level of red cell sorbitol in diabetics with peripheral neuropathy was higher than those with no evidence of peripheral neuritis, although the diference was not significant. Furthermore a positive correlation was found between red cell sorbitol and fasting blood sugar in type I diabetes It was concluded that red cell sorbitol might represent an index of the tissue sorbitol level and can be used to monitor the success of any therapy aiming at blocking the activity of the polyol pathway

radiological appearance of the chest in sickle cell anemia

The radiological picture of the chest in sickle cell disease has not been widely reported in the literature. The following study concerns the chest findings in thirteen consecutive patients, encountered during 14 months in the Radiological Department of a Private Hospital