The situation of child injury by injury supervision at Viet Duc hospital in 2006

Background: According to WHO, there are 5 million deaths from kinds of injury a year in the world, of which 875000 deaths occur in children under 18 years old. Injury leads to 40000 deaths which account for 10.7% deaths due to all other causes a year in VietNam. Objective: To show conclusions of the situation of child injury, recommendations for prevention of child injury and methods in order to enhance emergency activity in Vietnam. Subjects and method: The authors collected information about all patients who had emergencies due to injury at Viet Duc hospital, from March 26th 2006 to Octorber 26th 2006. However, supervised cases were the patients under 18 years old who were examined and treated at the Department of Emergency. Results: During the period of study, 2536 patients under 18 years old were examined for injury, of which death and coming back home for death were 83 cases (3.27%). 974 children had emergency resulted from injury: male was more than female: 697 verus 227. The leading causes of child injury were fall and traffic accident, respetively 34% and 60%. The most common traumas were traumatic brain injury (45%), limbs injury (41%). Although most of cases had first aid at the hospitals in district or province level, the rate of non-first aid cases was high (34%). Conclusion: Child injury is a leading cause of child death in hospitals. Methods for prevention of child injury should focus on educating and propagandizing to minimize injuries caused by traffic accident and fall.

Klaskin tumor – diagnosis and surgical treatment

A study on 3 patients with Klaskin tumor (male: 2, female: 1) in strasbourg, France during 1996-1997 has shown that the diagnosis involved in the clinical examination, biochemical and functional test, tumor markers, hepatobiliary ultrasound, hepatic angiography; the surgical treatment included the local tumor resection, combination of local tumor resection and PTI resection, local tumor resection + PTI resection + liver resection and anastomosis.

The situation of operation in the Surgical Department in Cao Bang Hospital during 3 months of the summer-autumn 2000

A study on the surgical pathology of the Cao Bang hospital in the summer- autumn, 2000 has shown that the emergency operation: included the digestive operation (mainly) folowings were traumatic, cardiovascular operations, cranial and cerebral operation and urological operation(rarely). The schedule operations comprised the thyroid disease, plastic surgeries and the digestive operation. The results suggested that it should strengthen the medical equipments for the digestive operation theatre and traumatic operation theatre.

Ureteral endometriosis

Extragenital endometriosis makes up 10-15%. The most common site is gastrointestinal tract. In urinary tract, endometriosis of urethra makes up 0.6%, of bladder is 37.6%, of ureter is 61.2%. 89% of ureteral lesions develop laterally. Cause of endometriosis has been unknown. Several hypotheses are available. It can be treated by medication, surgery or by combining the medication with surgery or can be left without treatment. Each procedure is indicated depend on clinical situation, site of tumor, progress of disease, medication and equipment condition and clinician’s knowledge

Learning indications for splenectomy

Some major conditions that related to indication of splenectomy are 1. Rupture; 2. Abscess; 3. Tumors and cysts; 4. Artery aneurysm; 5. Displacement of spleen; 6. Bone marrow failure; 7. Faconi’s anemia; 8. Diamond-Blackfan’s anemia; 9. Gaucher’s disease; 10. Hemolytic anemia; 11. Essential trombocytopenia hemorrhage. 12. Felty syndrome; 13. Essential myelodysplasia; 14. Hairy leucocyte disease; 15. Hodgkin disease. Indications included splenectomy for diagnosis and for treatment and splenectomy for cases of spleen enlargement with spleen hyperactivity syndrome.

Small intestinal malignat lymphoma- diagnosis and treatment

A restrospective study on the 13 patients with primary malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the small intestine operated in Viet Duc hospital from 1990 to 1999 has shown that the clinical features with general changes of symptoms: weakness, anorexia, weight loss, abdominal pain and abdominal node. No patients were diagnosed by X-ray. 8 patients with ileal tumor and 2 patients with duodenal tumor were diagnosed. The histopathology was not distinguished. The basic treatment is operation for removal. The classification the disease’s period which helps the combination of chemicals with radiation after operation for prolonging the life of patients.

The clinical feature and treatment of the small intestinal epithelioma

A restrospective study on 11 patients with the small intestinal epithelioma in Viet Duc hospital during 1990- 1999 was carried out. The results have shown that the small intestinal epithelionma account for 25% the malignant tumors in the small intestine; more than 80% patients were emergency operated due to the intestinal obstruction, digestive haemorrhage, peritonitis due to the tumor perforation. Most of the small intestinal epithelioma were diagnosed after the abdominal open and microstructure tests. The disease most frequently occurred in men with average ages of 44, rarely touch the abdominal tumor and the localization comonly occurred in the jajunum. The rate of the radical operation was low, the post operative infection was high; the chemotherapy after operation is not considered properly; the average survival after operation was 7.2 months.

Pseudotumor inflammatory of appendix

The Pseudotumor inflammatory of appendix was a rare clinical condition. The cecum was thickened, the ilececal angle became a block due to inflammatory and swollen of mesentery node which allowed surgeons to think of cecal tumor during operation. The left large intestinal resection indicated for Pseudotumor inflammatory of appendix.

Villous adenoma of the duodenum: diagnosis and management

Villous adenoma is common in the segment 2 of the duodenum. It commonly developed in people at age of 60 years. Diagnosis was made base on findings of gastrointestinal radiography, endoscopy and biopsy. If it is possible, should perform endoscopic ultrasound, duodenopancreatic CT scan and collect several biopsy specimens to determine the surgical approach: duodenopancreatic mass removal, duodenectomy, duodenostomy with tumor removal or endoscopic tumor removal

Digestive neuroendocrine tumor

The digestive neuroendocrine tumor is rare disease but various and may be benign or malignant. Some digestive neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoid, insulinomas, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, somatostatinomas, vipoma, pancreatic polypeptidoma, multistimulator excreting neuroendocrine tumor and non-hormone excreting langerhans tumor

Survival time of the patients with bile duct occlusion icteria due to various non operated tumors at gastroduodenal region and pancreatic head region

A retrospective survey was conducted on 62 patients aged 20-70 years during the period from 1995-1997 with a gender ratio of 64.5%/34.5% (male/female). Subjects were diagnosed as bile duct occlusion icteria due to the tumors of pancreatic head. Not any surgical interventions were performed. Main clinical signs were progressive jaundice, no fever, weigh loss, white faeces, and large size of liver and pancreas. Hematological exams and imaging diagnosis including ultrasonography were carried out. Survival times of an average of 2.8 months for operable group and under 1 month for non operable group were noted

Anatomy of superior mesenteric and portal vein confluence and clinical application

Anatomy of portal and superior mesenteric vein confluence was investigated in 54 specimens collected from adult cadavers that underwent autopsy at ViÖt §øc Hospital during 1995 - 2000. Results showed that the average length of superior mesenteric vein is 203cm. The confluence of superior mesenteric and portal vein is under common truncal wall in 15/54 cases. 3 veins, including spleen, superior and inferior mesenteric veins meet each other at unique confluent point in 3/54 cases. 46/54 cases have 9 to 14 vein branches that flow to superior mesenteric vein at left wall of mobilized segment. These branches have cluster-like distribution in 4/45 cases. It is not found that the immobilized segment of superior mesenteric vein divided into two or three that cause difficulty for making portal-aortic anastomosis in right wall. 30/54 cases have Descomps trunk that flows to immobilized segment. 38/54 cases have 2-3 extra branches that flows to superior mesenteric vein from head of pancreas at posterior wall of immobilized segment

Yolk sac tumor - a rare tumor in posterior peritomeum in adults

A female patient with ages of 16 hospitalized due to the pain in the right of inferior costal region and the tumor in the posterior peritonium determined by ultrasound and CT scanner. The results of position AFP allowed to diagnose the preoperative germ cell tumor in the posterior peritoneum. The results of microscopy allowed concluding that this was yolk sac tumor. This study suggested that it should test the markers of tumor such as AFT and HCG to diagnose the nature of germ cell tumors. The disease can respond to radiation and chemotherapy.

Evaluation of some factors related with postoperation survival time in patients with gastric glandular epithelioma, within the first 3 years following a partly or total gastrectomy

Study on 69 patients were dead within 41 months following a partly or total gastroectomy due to the gastric glandular epithelioma in Viet Duc Hospital during January 1995 - June 1997 has shown that male/female (2/1), most of patient were lately admitted in which the abdominal tumor: 46.4%, pyloric stenosis: 20.3%, tumor perforation: 4.3% metastasis: 85.5%, diseases in phase III and phase IV: 85%. Nodal curettage and blood protein level is 2 factors that influence the survival time after operation.

Pathological anatomy and stage classification of gastric cancer

New surgical technique such as nodal curettage has been developed and standardized in surgical treatment of gastric cancer. The stage classification of gastric cancer not only helps supporting the treatment but also provides the basis for indication and extension of the technique of nodal curettage

Clinical and anapathological features and methods of the treatment of gastric cancer that did not belong to the glandular epithelioma accounted

A study on 537 cases of gastrotrectomy due to the cancer in Viet Duc hospital during 1993-1997 has shown that the gastric cancer that did not belong to the glandular epithelioma accounted for 23 cases (4.3%) of which malignant lymphoma (12/23), malignant peripheral neuroma (7/2) and smooth muscelar tumor (3/23). Most of them hospitalized due to the abdominal pain, 1 cases of gastric perforation and 2 cases of digestive haemorrhage, 12 cases found the abdominal tumor 7 cases had lesion in the cardiapyloric region. The treatment involved the half total gastrectomy and tumor disection, 2 cases received the left hepatic lobe disection, 3 cases of splenectomy. There were no cases treated by the combination of chemotherapy and radiation.

Predicting survival probability after surgery for gastric cancer

306 patients (195 males, 11 females) had been operated for gastric cancer at the ViÖt §øc Hospital during 1995 - 1997. Mean of age is 54.6+/-24.5 years, ranged from 16 to 79 years of old. Time of follow-up ranged from 24 to 60 months. 14 patients had loss of follow-up (4.6%). During follow-up, 134 deaths were observed, in which 124 deaths occurred within 24 months post-operation. Post-operative survival of patients with gastric cancer depends on 4 factors, included radical operation, stage of disease, lymph node resection and age.

Treatment of early gastric cancer by removal of lession through endoscopy with elastic tube

Early diagnosis of gastric cancer plays an important role in strategy of treatment of gastric cancer. The rate of finding the early gastric cancer is increasingly by the endoscopy with elastic tube and systemic biopsy. There are 2 basic methods in the interventive endoscopy including destroy and removal of lession. The destroy technique involved the hemostasis by laser and plasma argon, photodynamy and chemotherapy. The removal of lession involved the mocosal removal which is flat lession treatment. The advantages of this technique was able to make the microscopic tests.

Report a rare form of gastric cancer - Histiocytome malign

Report a case of 17-year-old male patient who had diagnosis of gastric cancer. This patient was admitted in 2/1/1998, operated in12/1/1998 and discharged in 27/1/1998. During this time, the patient underwent total gastrectomy and removed lymphatic nodes. This is first case of Histiocytome malign that was not involved in gastric adenocarcinoma has been reported. Clinical features included left side abdominal pain; loss weight rapidly; persistent high fever; extended necrotic lesions in gastric body that invaded abdominal wall and diaphragm, lymphatic nodular metastases. Post-operative survival time was as short as 2 months and 12 days.

Result of following-up post-operative survival time in patients who underwent operation for gastric cancer but stomachs and tumors can not be removed

Rate of non-gastrectomies in gastric cancer patients was reported. Causes of non-gastrectomy were analysed and post-operative survival time of participants was observed. Participants were 98 patients with gastric cancer who admitted to ViÖt §øc Hospital between 1993 - 1995. Age ranged from 83 to 24. Post-operative survival time was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results showed that rate of non-gastrectomies are 23.8%. Interventions included gastroenterostomy (63.3%), explorative abdominal opening (20.4%), gastrostomy (13.3%), and jejunotomy (3%). Cause of non-gastrectomy was metastasis. Rate of post-operative death was 5.1%. Mean post-operative survival time is 4.8 months.