Effects of the expression of miR-375 on the proliferation and invasion of choroidal melanoma cells / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effect of the expression of miR-375 on the proliferation and invasion of choroidal melanoma(CM)MUM-2B cells.METHODS: MUM-2B cells were cultured and were transfected with miR-375 mimic sequence(mimic group), miR-375 inhibitor sequence(inhibitor group), negative control group and no treatment(blank group). The qRT-PCR, CCK-8, apoptosis and Transwell experiments were used respectively to detect the expression of miR-375, cell proliferation activity, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion.RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group(1.01±0.10)and the blank group(1.03±0.07), the expression level of miR-375 in the cells of the mimic group(2.65±0.15)was increased, while the expression level of miR-375 in the cells of the inhibitor group(0.28±0.06)was decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group and negative control group, the OD values of the cells in the mimic group at 24, 48, 72, and 96h were decreased(P<0.05), while the OD values of the cells in the inhibitor group at 24, 48, 72, and 96h were increased(P<0.05). Compared with the apoptosis rates in the blank group and negative control group, which were(20.54±4.01)% and(22.80±4.28)%, the apoptosis rate in the mimic group(39.11±3.37)% was increased(P<0.05), while it was decreased in the inhibitor group(10.13±2.17)%(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group and negative control group, the number of migration cell and the number of invasion cell in the mimic group were decreased(P<0.05), while the number of migration cell and the number of invasion cell in the inhibitor group were increased(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Up-regulating the expression of miR-375 in MUM-2B cells can reduce cell proliferation activity, accelerate cell apoptosis, and inhibit cell migration and invasion, while down-regulating the expression of miR-375 has the opposite effect. It indicates that miR-375 may play the function of tumor suppressor in the course of CM.

Research Progress of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Sell Trans-plantation in the Treatment of Adult Hemophagocytic Lympho-histiocytosis --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory clinical syndrome of uncontrolled immune response which results in hypercytokinemia due to underlying primary or secondary immune defect. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the only cure therapy for primary HLH and recurrent/refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Compared with children HLH, adult HLH is a much more heterogeneous syndrome requiring a more individualized protocol depending on the underlying trigger, disease severity and genetic background. At present, there remain controversies in various aspects including indications of haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), conditioning regimen, efficacy and prognosis. This article will review the recent advances of allo-HSCT in the treatment of adult HLH based on the above issues.

Diagnostic values of nuclear score combined with cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry in indeterminate thyroid follicular nodules in preoperative fine needle aspiration / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To assess the feasibility of nuclear score combined with cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry in classifying indeterminate thyroid nodules with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytological diagnosis of Bethesda category Ⅲ-Ⅴ. Methods: A consecutive cohort of 118 thyroid FNA specimens with indeterminate diagnosis (TBSRTC category Ⅲ-Ⅴ) and available histopathologic follow-up data were collected between December 2018 and April 2022 at the Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, China. These cases were subjected to cytological evaluation and cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry. The optimal cut-off points of a simplified nuclear score and the percentage of cyclin D1-positive cells for the diagnosis of malignancy or low-risk neoplasm were determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the ROC curve (AUC). The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of nuclear score and cyclin D1 immunostaining were evaluated from the crosstabs based on cut-off points. The diagnostic accuracy of simplified nuclear score combined with cyclin D1 immunostaining was estimated using ROC curve analysis. Results: Nuclear grooves, intra-nuclear inclusions and chromatin clearing were more commonly found in malignancy/low-risk neoplasms than benign lesions (P=0.001, P=0.012 and P=0.001 respectively). A cut-off point of≥2 for the simplified nuclear score was sensitive for defining malignancy/low-risk neoplasm, and its PPV, NPV, sensitivity and specificity were 93.6%, 87.5%, 99.0% and 50.0% respectively. A positive cut-off point of 10% positive thyroid cells in cyclin D1 immunostaining demonstrated sensitivity of 88.5%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100% and NPV of 53.8% for correctly detecting thyroid malignancy or low-risk neoplasm. The sensitivity and PPV of simplified nuclear score combined with cyclin D1 immunostaining were 93.3% and 100%, respectively. Both specificity and NPV were maintained at high levels (100% and 66.7%, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy of simplified nuclear score combined with cyclin D1 immunostaining in detecting thyroid malignancy/low-risk neoplasm was increased to 94.1% compared to using either of them alone. Conclusions: Combing simplified nuclear score and cyclin D1 immunostaining on FNA cytology specimens can increase the diagnostic accuracy in classifying thyroid nodules of indeterminate cytological categories. Thus, this supplementary approach provides a simple, accurate, and convenient diagnostic method for cytopathologists so that may reduce unnecessary thyroidectomies.

Genetic characterization of varicella-zoster virus in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang City of Hubei Province, 2019-2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the genetic characteristics of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang City of Hubei Province from 2019 to 2020. Methods: Based on the Yichang Health Big Data Platform, we investigated cases 20 and under clinically diagnosed as herpes zoster in three hospitals from March 2019 to September 2020. Collecting vesicle fluid and throat swab samples of the cases and completing questionnaires to obtain basic information. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used for positive identification of the virus. PCR amplification of VZV's open reading frame (ORF) and sequencing of the products to determine the VZV genotype. Analyze mutations at some specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites. Results: Among 46 cases of herpes zoster, the male to female ratio was 1.3∶1 (26∶20) and the age ranged from 7 to 20 years old. Fifteen cases had been vaccinated against varicella, including 13 and 2 cases of 1 and 2 doses, respectively. VZV strains were detected in 34 samples (73.91%), all belonging to Clade 2. Phylogenetic tree analysis of the nucleotide of ORF22 showed, compared with Clade 2 referenced strains, the sequence matching degree of nucleotide for all 34 samples was 99.0% to 100.0%. Conclusion: The main VZV strain causing herpes zoster in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang from 2019 to 2020 was Clade 2.

Literature analysis on the status quo of performance appraisal of pharmacy intravenous admixture services in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the status quo of performance appraisal of pharmacy intravenous admixture services （PIVAS） in China based on literature analysis， and provide reference for the implementation of performance management of PIVAS in China. METHODS Retrieved from domestic and foreign databases such as CNKI， VIP， Wanfang， PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library and CBM， the literature on the status quo evaluation of performance appraisal of PIVAS in China was included from the inception to Sept. 2022. The descriptive analysis was carried out on performance appraisal measures， performance appraisal indicators， performance appraisal achievement， etc. RESULTS Twelve pieces of literature were included， involving 8 before-and-after controlled studies and 4 experience sharing. The performance appraisal subjects of 10 pieces of literature were all staff and those of 2 pieces of literature were nurses. The measures of PIVAS performance appraisal were roughly the same， mainly involving contents and indicators of workload， work quality （including errors）， clinical service satisfaction， labor discipline， department contribution， personal comprehensive evaluation， and so on， but the main accounting proportion was different. Performance appraisal indicators mainly included the rate of medical order review， dispensing rate， check rate， delivery rate， finished product review rate， etc. The performance appraisal achievement mainly included the improvement of work efficiency， the improvement of work quality， the reduction of error rate， and the improvement of clinical satisfaction and employee satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS By building performance appraisal system and adopting corresponding performance management measures of PIVAS， it can improve the work efficiency and quality， reduce the error rate， ensure the safety of patients’ medication， and promote the standardized management of PIVAS in China.

Effect of Juanbi Qianggu Formula on biological behaviors of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis by regulating FGFR1 signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and cell function experiments / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of Juanbi Qianggu Formula(JBQGF), an empirical formula formulated by the prestigious doctor in traditional Chinese medicine, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and cell function experiments. The main active components and targets of JBQGF were obtained through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ETCM), and the core targets underwent functional enrichment analysis and signaling pathway analysis. Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to construct a visualized "active component-target-signaling pathway" network of JBQGF. After screening, nine potential pathways of JBQGF were obtained, mainly including G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway. As previously indicated, the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1(FGFR1) signaling pathway was highly activated in active fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis, and cell and animal experiments demonstrated that inhibition of the FGFR1 signaling pathway could significantly reduce joint inflammation and joint destruction in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. In terms of the tyrosine kinase receptor signal transduction pathway, the analysis of its target genes revealed that FGFR1 might be a potential target of JBQGF for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. The biological effect of JBQGF by inhibiting FGFR1 phosphorylation was preliminarily verified by Western blot, Transwell invasion assay, and pannus erosion assay, thereby inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL) and suppressing the invasion of fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis and erosive effect of pannus bone. This study provides ideas for searching potential targets of rheumatoid arthritis treatment and TCM drugs through network pharmacology.

Efficacy and Safety of Etoposide Combined with Cyclophosphamide for Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Mobilization in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of etoposide combined with cyclophosphamide (EC) regimen for mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (APBSCs) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 48 MM patients who received APBSC transplantation (APBSCT) in Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2015 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The mobilization success rate and mobilization optimal rate of EC regimen were counted, and its effect on transplant efficacy, adverse reactions, hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation, and survival time of MM patients were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#APBSCs were collected on day 14 (10-19) after EC administration. The median of collected CD34+ cells was 6.82 (1.27-22.57)×106/kg, and the median number of apheresis session was 2 (1-4). The mobilization success rate (collecting CD34+ cells≥2×106 cells/kg after completion of apheresis) was 98% (47/48), and mobilization optimal rate (collecting CD34+ cells≥5×106 cells/kg after completion of apheresis) was 71% (34/48). The depth of remission were improved after APBSCT, and the complete remission (CR) rate increased from 45.8% before transplantation to 87.5% after transplantation (P <0.01). There was no transplant-related death, no blood transfusion during mobilization, and no mucositis occurred in the patients. The most common complication was neutropenia, with an incidence of 75.0% (36/48). After transplantation, all the patients successfully achieved hematopoietic reconstitution. The median time to neutrophil engraftment was 10 (9-26) days, and median time to platelet engraftment was 10 (8-33) days. By the end of follow-up, both the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) time were not reached. The 5-year estimated PFS rate and OS rate was 53.8% and 82.4%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The EC regimen for mobilization of APBSC has a high acquisition success rate and controllable adverse reactions, which can be an effective and safe mobilization regimen in MM patients.

Research progress on drug resistance of anti-varicella-zoster virus drugs / 中华预防医学杂志

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox when it first infects humans, and the virus may reactivate in adulthood and cause herpes zoster (HZ). Broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are one of the treatments for varicella and herpes zoster, but the emergence of drug resistance poses many challenges to this treatment and increases the burden of disease on patients. This paper discusses the resistance mechanisms, resistance sites and resistance detection methods of anti-VZV drugs in order to help further research on new anti-VZV targets, new drugs and monitoring of resistance to existing drugs.

Clinical research progress of human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine / 中华预防医学杂志

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is one of the main pathogen causing severe acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly, with high incidence rate and mortality worldwide. Vaccine is one of the important measure to prevent infection, transmission and severe disease of HRSV, but currently there is no officially approved preventive vaccine for prevention of HRSV in the world. This paper reviews and analyzes the current research and development progress of HRSV vaccine, summarizes the design routes of different types of HRSV preventive vaccines, and discusses the difficulties and challenges in vaccine research and development, in order to provide reference for the research and development of HRSV vaccine and the development of clinical trials.

Research progress on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the elderly / 中华预防医学杂志

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is a serious threat to the population health. The elderly are one of the susceptible populations. The prevalence of HRSV in the elderly is generally higher than that in other age groups except children, which has gradually attracted attention in recent years. This paper reviewed the prevalence, common complications and major complications of HRSV in the elderly, briefly expounded the economic burden of HRSV infection, and proposed that attention should be paid to the disease burden of the elderly after HRSV infection, timely treat common complications, so as to reduce the occurrence of adverse survival outcomes and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HRSV infection in the elderly.

Incidence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in rural community population on islands in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To estimate the incidence of metabolic syndrome and explore possible risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adults of rural communities in Yuhuan county, Zhejiang province, China. Methods: During June-December, 2018, a follow-up survey was conducted in participants without metabolic syndrome at baseline survey in 2012 to obtain the information collected in questionnaire survey, anthropometric data and laboratory data. The incidence of metabolic syndrome in the participants was estimated, and Logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors, adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95%CI. Results: Among 3 162 participants, 522 new metabolic syndrome cases were identified. The 6-year cumulative incidence rate of metabolic syndrome was 16.5%, and the cumulative incidence rate was higher in women (20.6%) than that in men (12.3%, P<0.001). Those incidence rates were higher in those in jobless, smoking or drinking groups. Being women (aRR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.50-2.58) and family history of hypertension (aRR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.04-1.63) were independent risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The follow up indicated that the incidence of metabolic syndrome was relatively high in rural adults on islands in Zhejiang, and women or those with family history of hypertension were more likely to have metabolic syndrome.

Atractylenolide Ⅰ improves acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice by inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study explored the protective effect of atractylenolide Ⅰ(AO-Ⅰ) against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced acute liver injury(ALI) in mice and its underlying mechanism. C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into a control group, an APAP group(500 mg·kg~(-1)), a low-dose combination group(500 mg·kg~(-1) APAP + 60 mg·kg~(-1) AO-Ⅰ), and a high-dose combination group(500 mg·kg~(-1) APAP + 120 mg·kg~(-1) AO-Ⅰ). ALI was induced by intraperitoneal injection of APAP(500 mg·kg~(-1)). AO-Ⅰ by intragastric administration was performed 2 hours before APAP treatment, and the control group received the same dose of solvent by intragastric administration or intraperitoneal injection. The protective effect of AO-Ⅰ against APAP-induced ALI was evaluated by detecting alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels in the plasma and H&E staining in liver tissues of mice. The malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) content and catalase(CAT) activity in mouse liver tissues were detected to evaluate the effect of AO-Ⅰ on APAP-induced oxidative stress in the liver. The proteins in the liver p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK), c-jun N-terminal kinase(JNK), and nuclear factor kappa-B p65(NF-κB p65) signaling pathways were measured by Western blot, and the liver inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were detected by real-time PCR. Compared with the APAP group, the combination groups showed reduced APAP-induced ALT level and liver MDA content, potentiated liver CAT activity, and elevated GSH content. Mechanistically, AO-Ⅰ treatment significantly inhibited APAP-up-regulated MAPK phosphorylation and NF-κB p65, and significantly reduced the transcriptional activities of IL-1β and IL-6, downstream targets of NF-κB p65. AO-Ⅰ can improve APAP-induced ALI and the underlying mechanism is related to the inhibition of the MAPK/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway in APAP-challenged mice.

Effect of acupoint application of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect between acupoint application of @*METHODS@#A total of 62 KOA patients with knee swelling after knee arthroscopy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 31 cases in each group. In the control group, cold compress was adopted after surgery, 3 times a day. On the basis of the treatment as the control group, acupoint application of @*RESULTS@#The VAS scores 3, 5 and 7 days into treatment were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint application of

Children's Internet hospital: Construction and practice / 第二军医大学学报

Internet hospital is an online service, diagnosis and treatment platform that relies on the traditional hospital, and it can connect doctors and patients through Internet, providing patients with the whole process of medical service through the integration of online and offline services. To construct children's Internet hospital, the following measures were adopted: Using Internet technology, we constructed a whole process online and offline child service platform; using the concept of health closed-loop management, we carried out core medical service such as online diagnosis and treatment; and based on telemedicine technology, the collaborative medical interaction service between doctors was achieved. We also created our own platform to ensure information security and children's medical experience with the help of system data interaction and cloud technology. Besides, an Internet hospital management system was established to ensure medical quality and safety. The children's Internet hospital can improve not only the medical service efficiency, but also the children's medical experience.

Effect of advanced airway establishment on prognostic evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality index during cardiopulmonary resuscitation / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality index (CQI) is based on pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform (POP), which have been proved able to reflect the peripheral circulation state as good as the quality of chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). It has been confirmed that CQI is as good as the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (P ETCO 2) in prognostic evaluation of CPR patients. The purpose of this study was to explore whether advanced airway establishment affects the prognostic value of CQI during CPR. Methods:This was a prospective descriptive study. 376 patients receiving CPR were divided into advanced airway group and non-advanced airway group according to whether advanced airway was established, each of which was divided into ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation) group and non-ROSC group according to whether they got ROSC. The changes of CQI and P ETCO 2 during CPR were collected, and the relation of these parameters and the prognosis of patients was analyzed. Results:In advanced airway group, both CQI [(63.3±20.7) vs (49.7±23.8)] and P ETCO 2 [(19.8 (11.4, 31.6) vs 8.8 (3.3, 15.8)] mmHg were statistically different between ROSC group and non-ROSC group ( P <0.05). The cut-off value for these two parameters were 60.4 and 16.3 mmHg respectively. There was no significant difference between the two curves ( P>0.05). In the non-advanced airway group, CQI [(63.0±21.8) vs (42.2±29.0)] were also statistically different between the ROSC group and the non-ROSC group ( P <0.05). The cut-off value of CQI in advanced airway group and non-advanced airway group were 60.4 and 61.1, respectively. And there was no statistical difference between the two curves ( P>0.05). Conclusions:During CPR, CQI can be used to evaluate the prognosis of patients, which is as good as that of P ETCO 2. Establishment of advanced airway does not affect the prognostic evaluation of CQI during CPR.

The overexpression of lncRNA H19 as a diagnostic marker for coronary artery disease

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of lncRNA H19 for coronary artery disease (CAD) and to explore its possible mechanisms. Methods: A total of 30 CAD patients and 30 healthy individuals, as well as patients with different cardiovascular diseases, were included in this study. Blood was drawn from each participant to prepare serum samples, and the expression of lncRNA H19 was detected using qRT-PCR. The ROC curve analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic value of H19 for CAD. The effects of patients' basic information and lifestyle on H19 expression were analyzed. The plasma level of TGF-β1 was measured by ELISA. The H19 overexpression in the human primary coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) line was constructed, and the effects of H19 overexpression on the TGF-β1 expression were analyzed using Western blot. The results of H19 expression were specifically upregulated in patients with CAD but not in healthy individuals and patients with other types of cardiovascular diseases. The ROC curve analysis showed that the H19 expression level could be used to predict CAD accurately. Gender, age, and patients' lifestyle had no significant effects on H19 expression, but H19 expression was higher in patients with a longer course of disease in comparison with the controls. H19 expression was positively correlated with the serum level of TGF-β1, and H19 overexpression significantly increased TGF-β1 protein level in HCAEC. Conclusion: H19 overexpression participates in the pathogenesis of CAD by increasing the expression level of TGF-β1, and H19 expression level may serve as a diagnostic marker for CAD.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Nosso estudo teve como objetivo investigar o valor diagnóstico do lncRNA H19 para doença arterial coronariana (DAC) e explorar os possíveis mecanismos. Métodos Um total de 30 pacientes com DAC e 30 pessoas saudáveis, bem como pacientes com diferentes doenças cardiovasculares foram incluídos neste estudo. O sangue foi extraído de cada participante para preparar amostras de soro e a expressão de lncRNA H19 foi detectada por qRT-PCR. A análise da curva ROC foi utilizada para analisar o valor diagnóstico de H19 para DAC. Efeitos da informação básica dos pacientes e estilo de vida na expressão de H19 foram analisados. O nível plasmático de TGF-β1 foi medido por ELISA. A linha de células endoteliais da artéria coronária primária (HCAEC) humana de sobre-expressão de H19 foi construída e os efeitos da sobre-expressão de H19 na expressão de TGF-β1 foram analisados por Western blot. Resultados A expressão de H19 foi especificamente regulada positivamente em pacientes com DAC, mas não em pessoas saudáveis e em pacientes com outros tipos de doenças cardiovasculares. A análise da curva ROC mostrou que o nível de expressão de H19 pode ser usado para prever com precisão a DAC. Sexo, idade e estilo de vida dos pacientes não têm efeitos significativos sobre a expressão de H19, mas a expressão de H19 foi maior em pacientes com curso mais longo da doença em comparação com os controles. A expressão de H19 correlacionou-se positivamente com o nível sérico de TGF-β1 e a superexpressão de H19 aumentou significativamente o nível de proteína de TGF-β1 em HCAEC. Conclusão A superexpressão de H19 participa da patogênese da DAC aumentando o nível de expressão de TGF-β1 e o nível de expressão de H19 pode servir como marcador diagnóstico de DAC.

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents from Rhizomes of Dendropanax proteus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The chemical constituents from 95% ethanol extract of Dendropanax proteus rhizomes and their anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. These compounds in 95% ethanol extract of D. proteus rhizomes were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography, preparative liquid chromatography, etc. Their structures were elucidated based on the spectral data and physicochemical properties. All the compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide production in the murine microglia BV2 cell line. Nine compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 95% ethanol extract of D. proteus rhizomes, and identified as (-)-syringaresinol (1), (+)-(7S,8S)-1',4-dihydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-7',8,9'-trinor-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7,9-diol (2), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-coniferyl ether (3), threo-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-coniferyl ether (4), coniferyl alcohol (5), 7-O-ethylguaiacylglycerol (6), vanillin (7), syringaldehyde (8), and excoecanol B (9). Compounds 2 and 4 showed neuritis inhibitory activity against microglial inflammation factor, their half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were 5.85, 7.29 μmol ·L-1, respectively. Compounds 1-6,8-9 are isolated from this plant for the first time, compounds 2 and 4 exhibit the potent inhibitory activity.

Mechanisms of tanshinone Ⅱ_A in reducing 4-HNE-induced hepatocyte damage by activating PPARα / 中国中药杂志

Tanshinone Ⅱ_A( Tan Ⅱ_A),the liposoluble constituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza,can not only ameliorate the lipidic metabolism and decrease the concentration of lipid peroxidation,but also resist oxidation damage,scavenge free radicals and control inflammation,with a protective effect on prognosis after liver function impairment. Therefore,the studies on the exact mechanism of Tan Ⅱ_A in protecting the liver can provide important theoretical and experimental basis for the prevention and treatment effect of Tan Ⅱ_A for liver injury. In the present study,the protective effects and mechanism of Tan Ⅱ_A on 4-hydroxynonenal( 4-HNE)-induced liver injury were investigated in vitro. Normal liver tissues NCTC 1469 cells were used to induce hepatocytes oxidative damages by 4-HNE treatment. The protective effect of Tan Ⅱ_A on hepatocytes oxidative damages was detected by release amount of lactate dehydrogenase( LDH) analysis and hoechst staining. The protein expression changes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α( PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator response element( PPRE) were analyzed by Western blot analysis in NCTC 1469 cells before and after Tan Ⅱ_A treatment. The gene expression changes of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase( FALDH) were analyzed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction( PCR) analysis. The results showed that 4-HNE increased the release amount of LDH,lowered the cell viability of NCTC 1469 cells,and Tan Ⅱ_A reversed 4-HNE-induced hepatocyte damage. Western blot analysis and RT-PCR analysis results showed that 4-HNE decreased the expression of PPARα and FALDH and increased the expression of 4-HNE. However,the expression of PPARα and FALDH were increased significantly and the expression of 4-HNE was decreased obviously after Tan Ⅱ_A treatment. This study confirmed that the curative effect of Tan Ⅱ_A was obvious on hepatocytes damage,and the mechanism may be associated with activating PPARα and FALDH expression as well as scavenging 4-HNE.

The association of overweight and obesity with hypertension among residents aged 35 years or older in Yuhuan county / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among residents aged 35 years or older in Yuhuan county of Zhejiang Province and explore the associations of overweight and obesity with hypertension. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 693 permanent residents aged 35 years or older, who were randomly selected using cluster sampling method from Yuhuan county. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 34.53% and 10.18% among subjects, respectively. The overweight prevalence for male (35.56%) was higher than that for female (33.66%), whereas the obesity prevalence for female (11.26%) was higher than that for male (8.90%) (all P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that age, education, occupation, regular physical exercise, smoking, drinking and high-salt diet were possible factors for overweight and obesity (all P<0.05). After adjustment for covariates, compared to participants with normal weight, the multivariate logistic regression indicated that the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidential interval of overweight and obesity were 2.02 (95% CI:1.93-2.11) and 3.83 (95% CI:3.57-4.10) for hypertension in men, and were 1.94(95% CI:1.86-2.02)and 3.56(95% CI:3.35-3.77) in women, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high among residents aged 35 years or older in Yuhuan county, and they may relate to the increasing risk of hypertension.

Studies on alkaloids from twigs and leaves of Ervatamia officinalis / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the twigs and leaves of Ervatamia officinalis. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated from the total alkaloids of the twigs and leaves of Ervatamia officinalis by using silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. The chemical structures of the compounds were identified based on their physical and chemical properties and spectroscopic methods. Results: Fourteen alkaloids were isolated and identified as 7S-coronaridine hydroxyindolenine (1), 7S-voacangine hydroxyindolenine (2), coronaridine (3), 19S-heyneanine (4), voacangine (5), tabernaemontanine (6), dregamine (7), 3-(2-oxopropyl) coronaridine (8), 3-oxovoacangine (9), voastrictine (10), 16R,19E-isositsirikine (11), 16R,19Z-isositsirikine (12), 16R,19E-isositsirikine N4-oxide (13), and geissoschizol (14). Conclusion: Compounds 8-14 are obtained from this plant for the first time.