ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the level of knowledge and awareness of hepatitis-B infection among students of a public sector university
Study Design: A cross-sectional observational study
Place and Duration: The study was conducted among students of Center for Physical Education Health and Sports Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro from 1[st] July to 31[st] December 2013
Methodology: Our tool of data collection was a self-administered questionnaire which assessed basic knowledge of hepatitis B, its modes of transmission, prevention, treatment, sequel and practices and attitudes towards patients with HBV infection. The questionnaire was distributed to the students in the class and they were asked to fill it according to their knowledge without guessing. Data gathered was analyzed by SPSS V. 18
Results: A total of 100 students with mean age 21 years [SD +/- 1.524] took part in this survey. Majority of our students have heard about hepatitis [95%] and a large number of them knew that blood transfusion and re use of syringes [78%] are the main sources of transmission. Interestingly, a reasonable number of students [32%] thought hepatitis B could spread through hug, cough and sneeze of a patient. About half of them were aware that a vaccine is available against HBV. Approximately 70% of the group believed that sterilized syringes and screened blood for HBV should be used to prevent these infections. The mean scores were 66.1%, 42% and 65.4% regarding basic knowledge, transmission and practices about hepatitis, respectively
Conclusion: Student's level of knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B was lacking. They had some misconceptions about disease transmission and treatment which has to be addressed
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate with endoscopy the common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients presenting with hematemesis within 24 hours of admission
Design: A cross sectional observational study
Setting: Medical unit III, LUMHS Jamshoro
Duration: Six months from 1[st] Jul, 2014 - 31[st] Dec, 2014
Methods: One hundred cases of hematemesis were included in the study. Patients who refused endoscopy and those on NSAIDs, anticoagulants and steroids were excluded from study. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed within 24 hours of admission
Results: Out of 100 patients selected, 51 [51%] were males and 49 [49%] females. Majority of patients were between 30-60 years with mean age of 43.97 years +/-SD 7.8. Variceal bleed was the most common cause n=54 [54%] followed by peptic ulcer disease [PUD] n=20 [20%]. Esophagitis was noted in ten [10%] patients, gastric erosions in nine [9%], tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract in six [6%] and Mallory-Weiss tear was responsible in only one [1%] cases
Conclusion: Variceal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension is the most frequent cause of bleeding in upper gastrointestinal tract. Increased prevalence of hepatitis B virus [HBV] and hepatitis C virus [HCV] in this part of the world has resulted in increased incidence of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension highlighting the importance of prevention of HBV and HCV