ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Many hemostatic agents and dressings have been tested with variable degree of success. Chitosan has a positive charge, it attracts red blood cells, which have a negative charge. Our goal is to test the efficacy of new developed chitosan-based hemostatic materials in providing durable hemostasis in a high-flow arterial wound model. METHODS: We compared each group with SD rats motality tests and in vitro blood compatibility test by blood clotting index (BCI). We devided the SD rats into 6 groups (N =15) by type of hemostatic agents. A: 100% nonwoven chitosan (degree of the deacetylation: 90%). B: 50% N-acetylation on nonwoven of chitosan gel (degree of the deacetylation: 50%). C: 60% N-acetylation on nonwoven of chitosan ge (degree of the deacetylation: 40%)l. D: Cutanplast(R). E: HemCon(R) F: Gauze. In vivo test, a proximal arterial injury was created in unilateral femoral arteries of 90 anesthetized SD rats. Each materials was made same size and thickness then applied to the injury site for 3 minutes. In vitro test, we compared each group with BCI in human blood. RESULTS: In vivo test, group A showed lower motality rate of 46% than any other groups, Group B and C showed lower motality rate of 60% than group D and E's motality rate of 66%. In vitro test, BCI of group A (30.6 +/- 1.2) and B (29.3 +/- 1.0) were showed nearly about group D (29.1 +/- 1.8) and E (27.4 +/- 1.6). Group C (37.1 +/- 2.0) showed higher BCI than group A and B, it means group C decreased blood clotting. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study suggests a newly developed chitosan-based hemostatic materials induced durable hemostasis and increased blood clotting, and are considered as effective biologic hemostatic agents.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Bandages , Blood Coagulation , Chitosan , Erythrocytes , Fees and Charges , Femoral Artery , HemostasisABSTRACT
The major goals of periodontal therapy are the functional regeneration of periodontal supporting structures already destructed by periodontal disease as well as the reduction of signs and symptoms of progressive periodontal disease. There have been many efforts to develop materials and therapeutic methods to promote periodontal wound healing. There have been increasing interest on the chitosan made by chtin. Chitosan is a derivative of chitin made by deacetylation of side chains. Chitosan has been widely studied as bone substitution and membrane material in periodontology. Many experiments using chitosan in various animal models have proven its beneficial effects. Tetracycline has been considered for use in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease and gingivitis. The aim of this study is to evlauate the osteogenesis of tetracycline blended chitosan membranes on the calvarial critical size defect in Sprague Dawley rats. An 8mm surgical defect was produced with a trephine bur in the area of the midsagittal suture. The rats were divided into five groups: Untreated control group versus four experimental group. Four types of membranes were made and comparative study was been done. Two types of non-woven membranes were made by immersing non-woven chitosan into either the tetracycline solution or chitosan-tetracycline solution. Other two types of sponge membranes were fabricated by immersing chitosan sponge into the tetracycline solution, and subsequent freeze-drying. The animals were sacrificed at 2 and 8 weeks after surgical procedure. The specimens were examined by histologic analyses. The results are as follows: 1. Clinically the use of tetracycline blended chitosan membrane showed great healing capacity. 2. The new bone formations of all the experimental group, non-woven and sponge type membranes were greater than those of control group. But, there was no significant difference between the experimental groups. 3. Resorption of chitosan membranes were not shown in any groups at 2 weeks and 8 weeks. These results suggest that the use of tetracycline blended chitosan membrane on the calvarial defects in rats has significant effect on the regeneration of bone tissue in itself. And it implicate that tetracycline blended chitosan membrane might be useful for guided tissue regeneration.