ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study is an integrated literature review to analyze health problems and social determinants of multicultural adolescents in South Korea. @*Methods@#An integrative review was conducted according to Whittemore & Knafl’s guideline. An electronic search that included publications from 2018 to 2020 in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, RISS, and KISS databases was conducted. Of a total of 67 records that were identified, 13 finally met full inclusion criteria. Text network analysis was also conducted to identify keywords network trends using NetMiner program. @*Results@#The health problems of multicultural adolescents were classified into mental health (depression, anxiety, suicide and acculturative stress) and health risk behaviors (smoking, risky drinking, smartphone dependence and sexual behavior). As social determinants affecting the health of multicultural adolescents, the biological factors such as gender, age, and visible minority, and the psychological factors such as acculturative stress, self-esteem, family support, and ego-resiliency were identified. The sociocultural factors were identified as family economic status, residential area, parental education level, and parents' country of birth. As a result of text network analysis, a total of 41 words were identified. @*Conclusion@#Based on these results, mental health and health risk behaviors should be considered as interventions for health promotion of multicultural adolescents. Our findings suggest that further research should be conducted to broaden the scope of health determinants to account for the effects of the physical environment and health care system.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of clinical nursing instructors' lived experience in clinical practicum.METHODS: Data were collected from 11 clinical nursing instructors by in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using content analysis of Downe-Wamboldt (1992).RESULTS: Four themes and twelve subthemes were extracted. 1) Recognizing and conducting the roles of clinical nursing instructor: ‘Helping and providing support for successful clinical practicum’, ‘Coordinating clinical activities in daily practice’, ‘Providing mentoring as an elder in life’; 2) Participating in improving integrative nursing competency: ‘Helping to improve cognitive competency’, ‘Helping to improve functional competency’, ‘Contributing to form desirable professionalism’, ‘Helping to deliberate the nature of nursing’; 3) Experiencing difficulties in performing the role of clinical nursing instructor: ‘Facing with difficulty from institutional limits’, ‘Recognizing difficulty from lack of personal knowledge and experience’; 4) Experiencing value of clinical nursing instructor and accomplishing personal growth: ‘Making efforts to widen personal knowledge and experience’, ‘Developing one's own educational competency’, ‘Making a chance to reflect oneself’.CONCLUSION: Despite the distinctive features of clinical nursing instructors, little is known of the characteristics. The results of this study could be used as a reference to improve the quality of clinical nursing education.
Subject(s)
Humans , Education , Education, Nursing , Mentors , Nursing , Preceptorship , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Amaurosis Fugax , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Blindness , Cyclophosphamide , Doxorubicin , Neurilemmoma , Podophyllotoxin , VincristineABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated , Meningoencephalitis , Orientia tsutsugamushi , Scrub TyphusABSTRACT
Alpha coma is a coma state with predominant alpha activities in electroencephalography. There are two different patterns of alpha coma, depending upon the distribution of alpha activity. The causes may vary with the distribution pattern. To clarify the difference in alpha-activity distribution, we conducted current-source analysis of the alpha-frequency band in two patients with alpha-coma caused by drug intoxication and pontine infarction, respectively. The current-source analysis of alpha-frequency bands may make it easier to distinguish the distribution patterns.
Subject(s)
Humans , Coma , Electroencephalography , InfarctionABSTRACT
Ictal crying has been associated with ictal activities in the medial frontal or medial temporal area of the nondominant hemisphere. We applied current-source analysis to the interictal spikes of a patient with episodes of ictal crying without sad feelings, but fear sensation. The current sources were in the medial frontal area of both cerebral hemispheres, the temporal area and the posterior cingulate gyrus of the right hemisphere.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebrum , Crying , Gyrus Cinguli , SensationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The voltage topography of temporal spikes has two distinct patterns, designated type I and type II; the orientation of the current-dipole source (O-CDS) of type I spikes tends to be oblique, while that of type II spikes tends to be horizontal. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the O-CDS of anterior temporal spikes on clinical factors including onset age, seizure frequency, secondary generalization, disease duration, intractability, polytherapy, febrile seizure, hippocampal sclerosis, and neocortical-temporal aura. METHODS: We examined the scalp electroencephalograms of 24 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and anterior temporal spikes. A spatiotemporal dipole model was applied to determine the O-CDS of the averaged spikes in each patient. We performed current-source analysis of multiple spatiotemporal dipole models using Brain Electrical Source Analysis software. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to their O-CDS pattern: oblique and horizontal. Clinical factors were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were classified into the oblique group, and 8 patients into the horizontal group. A neocortical-temporal aura was more commonly observed in the horizontal group (p<0.05), while drug-resistance tendencies were more commonly observed in the oblique group (p<0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The horizontal O-CDS of anterior temporal spikes may be more frequently associated with a neocortical-temporal aura than the oblique O-CDS in TLE. In addition, the oblique O-CDS pattern suggests a tendency toward drug resistance. The findings of this study imply that the oblique O-CDS pattern of anterior temporal spikes may provide additional electrophysiologic information regarding drug-resistant mesial TLE.
Subject(s)
Humans , Age of Onset , Brain , Drug Resistance , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe , Generalization, Psychological , Orientation , Scalp , Sclerosis , Seizures , Seizures, FebrileABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) are the main electroencephalograph (EEG) findings that imply the existence of acute or subacute structural lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the electrophysiologic characteristics of PLEDs by identifying the relationship between the current-source distribution (CSD) of PLEDs and the high signal intensity of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; HSI-DWI) in viral encephalitis. METHODS: Six patients were enrolled. Twenty typical EEG, 1-s epochs, including the negative peak of the PLEDs, were averaged into an averaged-PLED (a-PLED). The CSD at the negative peak point of the a-PLED was located on the Talairach human brain map in each patient. The CSDs of the patients were compared with the anatomic locations of encephalitic lesions observed on diffusion-weighted MRI. RESULTS: In all patients, the locations with HSI-DWI were observed in the cortical areas. In two out of the six patients the locations of CSD and those of HSI-DWI were matched. In the other patients, they were partly matched. The matched areas were observed in the frontal, temporal, and parietal areas. The additional areas of CSD were in both insular areas, and those of HSI-DWI were in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital areas. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the CSDs of PLEDs in viral encephalitis were mostly matched with the HSI-DWI in the cortical area of the frontal, temporal, and parietal areas. The cortical lesion itself in viral encephalitis may be part of the neural generator of PLEDs.