Physical and psychosocial stressors among caregivers of patients with cerebrovascular stroke

The present study was conducted to assess physical and psychosocial stressors among family caregivers of patients with cerebrovascular stroke . The study was carried out at the Outpatient of Neurophychiatric Clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals . The sample included 100 caregivers of patients with cerebrovascular stroke . Tools used for data collection were 1] Questionnaire dealing with socio-demographic characteristics, general health condition of caregivers and, physical, economical psychological and social stressors. 2] Beck Depression Inventory Scale, 3] Social Dysfunction Rating Scale. Results revealed that 52% of caregivers females for 52% their age was >40. The most common physical stressor was 63% [general body joint pain and hand pain], economical stressors was [89% cost of medication and hospitalization] psychological stressors was [56% sadness about patient] and social stressors was [28% negligence of domestic work] . There were statistically significant differences in relation to age, sex, and availability of caregivers related stressors . The study'recommended in increasing awareness of family caregivers about community resources and how to gain access to them, this might be done through audiovisual media. [Improving social care services, to contribute as social support to caregivers.] Computer networks and hotline services should be available to immediately solve problems and link caregivers, doctors and local support organizations to each others

Violence behavior among patients and nurses in mental health hospital

Violent behavior is a complex phenomenon of great importance in society as well in clinical psychiatry. Violence in patients with mental disorder has always been an important area of concern. High stress jobs such as nursing tend to generate pressures that are often vented when additional stressors are added. The venting of the intolerable stress can result in violence behavior so that this study was aimed to: assess the violence behavior among patients and nurses in El Abbassia mental health hospital. Subjects of this study were representing two different groups. The first group was [122] psychiatric patients [male and female]. The second group was [113] nurses working in El Abbassia mental health hospital [male and female]. Two tools are used to assess the violence behavior among patients: sheet to collect patients socio demographic data and observation check list to assess patient violence behavior. Three tools are used to assess the violence behavior among nurses: sheet to collect nurses socio demographic data, observation check list to assess nurses violence behavior and questionnaire to assess nurse's attitude toward violence behavior. The study revealed that the most violent behavior among patient [male and female] was in second degree moderate. Target of violent behavior among patient were against other patients. Nurses were dealing with patient with violent behavior according to their personal experience without clear guidelines. A few percentages of them had a mild violent behavior against object. A very few percentage of nurses had mild degree of violent toward others. Nurses had a negative attitude toward violent behavior. There were no significant relation between degree of violence among nurses and patient. It was recommended that, develop an educational program are recommended for psychiatric nurses to develop a comprehensive skills about managing patients with violent behavior. Implementation of counseling service at El Abbassia mental health hospital for nurses about how to manage psychosocial and occupational stressors facing them

Emotional intelligence: development of a tool, and testing its relation to leadership

Emotional intelligence is the essence of leadership. Without it, a person can have the best training and possess the best intellectual competencies, but he/she still would not make a great leader. To develop and validate a tool for assessment of emotional intelligence, and to test its relation to leadership in a sample of head nurses. This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted at Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital, on 50 head nurses with bachelor degree in nursing. The researchers utilized two types of questionnaires: an emotional intelligence scale, and a leadership style questionnaire. The emotional intelligence scale was constructed by the researchers, and reviewed by experts. Then, factor analysis was used to assess its construct validity. Reliability was tested by internal consistency method using Crombach alpha coefficient. Factor analysis showed that the questionnaire items were loading on five components, which explained 50.33% of the variance. Crombach alpha coefficient for the tool was 0.87. In multivariate analysis, emotional intelligence score was a negative independent predictor of the score of hisser-faire and transactional leadership styles. Conversely, it was a positive predictor of the transformational leadership style. Along with gender, it explains about half of the variation in the score of transformational leadership style. The only statistically significant independent predictor for emotional intelligence score was the attendance of training courses. A valid and reliable emotional intelligence tool was developed and validated. The most important factor influencing emotional skills is training. It is recommended to use the developed tool in further research to test its applicability. Training courses to improve nurses' emotional intelligence are suggested

Psychosocial stress and coping patterns among students in the faculty of nursing Mansoura University

The nursing students are often exposed to stress that can be categorized into academic sources and clinical sources. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sources of stress, and coping patterns among students in the Faculty of Nursing,. The study was conducted on 320 nursing students, 80 from each grade. Three instruments were used for data collection which includes a self-administered questionnaire sheet that concerned with students' socio-demographic and family characteristics and their perceptions and expectations about nursing profession, scales to assess different sources of academic and clinical stressors and coping strategies scale sheet. Results of the study revealed that the highest percentage of nursing students has reported lack of pleasure time and recreation and evaluation process were commonly types of academic and clinical stressors. Also, the percentage of academic stressors was higher among students who had feeling ashamed compared to peers in other faculties and who perceived the role of mass media as downgrading nursing profession. Clinical stressors were higher among students who had this ashamed feeling. Wishful thinking and helplessness was commonly used emotional-focused coping among the nursing students. Active coping and positive reinterpretation was also commonly used problem-focused coping among the nursing students, Moreover, it was revealed that, a higher percentage of the student who have not emotional-focused coping were ashamed. Furthermore, statistical significant relation was found between problem-focused coping among nursing students and the reasons of parents' reluctance that relevant to the students' perception about nursing career In the light of the study results it was recommended that stress management training should be introduced in the curriculum for students. Academic staff members should be introduced to first year students to assist students in identifying support persons. Counseling services should be offered for students to identify and build up their specific coping strategies

Prevalence of post partum depression among women with high risk factors

The aim of this study was to identify the high risk factors for depression among pregnant women and to detect the postpartum depression among those with high risk factors. The sample consisted of 882 Egyptian women registering for antenatal clinics at the Health Center and the University Hospital. Forty-two mothers were lost for follow up for various reasons and the remaining number of the mothers consented to complete the tools for data collection. A structured interview questionnaire sheet for personal and medical information, life event stress sheet to detect the different levels of stress and an Arabic version of the Beck Depression Inventory to assess postpartum depression were used for data collection. The findings revealed that 620 mothers had risk factors for developing postpartum depression. The prevalence of postpartum depression among mothers with risk factors was 11.1, also some risk factors were found out to make the mothers more exposed to the postpartum depression. From these factors, life event stress, history of depression, low income level and medical serious diseases