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Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 25(4): 1281-1300, Oct.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-975445

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se exploran las características de la mortalidad infantil en Santiago durante una fase histórica en que los indicadores demográficos alcanzaron cifras altísimas transformándose el fenómeno en un problema médico y político. Luego de comentar algunas investigaciones historiográficas sobre la temática, se demuestra cuantitativamente el comportamiento de la población infantil, recurriendo a fuentes primarias - de la medicina, la prensa y el Registro Civil - y bibliografía. Posteriormente, se describen las causas que las elites esgrimieron para explicar las muertes infantiles: materiales, morales y culturales. Las conclusiones abordan la promulgación de la ley de la infancia desvalida, los inicios de un conocimiento sobre la salud de los niños y la inauguración del Hospital Infantil.


Abstract The article explores the characteristics of infant mortality in Santiago during a historical period in which the demographic indicators reached very high figures turning the phenomenon into a medical and political issue. After commenting on historiographic data, it demonstrates the behavior of the infant population quantitatively, taking into account primary sources - from medicine, the press and civil records - and bibliography. It also exposes the motives employed by the elite to justify the children's deaths: materially, morally and culturally. The conclusion addresses the promulgation of the defenseless child law, the beginnings of knowledge on child health and the inauguration of the Child Hospital.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child, Preschool , Child , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Infant Mortality/history , Child Mortality/history , Chile , Cities
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