Organizational citizenship behavior and its relationship with psychological capital: a survey of hospital staffs

Background: Economic, physical, and human resources capitals played the most important role in the traditional views of management. However, for development in the current era, social capital is required more than economic, physical, and human capitals. Attitudes and performance of social capital in any organization is one of the important prerequisites for the success in that organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior among employees of selected hospitals in Tehran

Methods: This research was an analytical and applied study that was conducted in 2015. Simple stratified random sampling was conducted based on organizational positions [administrative, financial, and para-clinic] among each class to a certain proportion and based on Cochran formula. Data collection tools included two questionnaires of Luthans psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior of Netmir. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression tests were used in order to analyze data in the form of Spss18 software at the significant level of 0.05

Results: Psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior were desirable among studied hospital staffs. On the other hand, altruism and self-efficacy had the highest mean scores, while chivalry and optimism had the lowest ratings. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that organizational citizenship behavior is able to predict the overall psychological capital [beta = 0.285]

Conclusion: Given that citizenship behavior can clearly predict psychological capital in staff, hospital administrators should try to promote organizational citizenship behavior and consequently psychological capital by involving employees in decisions, consult with them, and hold training courses to motivate them

Pre-hospital emergency medical services: the analysis of EMS ambulances equipment in Rasht city

Prehospital emergency is an important part of the health care system. The prerequisite for providing appropriate services in this sector is existence of the necessary equipment, particularly equipped ambulances that plays an important role in saving the patients' life who need emergency measures. Given the high incidence of traffic accidents and other emergencies, this study was concluded to investigate current status of medical equipment of prehospital EMS ambulances in Rasht and compare with Iranian standards. In this descriptive-analytical and functional study, 13 active ambulances of emergency medical services were studied in Rasht in 2013. Data were collected and studied due to the checklist of standard medical examination card of ambulances type B MOH [Ministry of Health] and the checklist of 4374 of relief vehicles and equipment of Iranian National Standards Organization. Researchers completed the checklists with reference to emergency medical centers in Rasht and observation of medical equipment and ambulances. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics appropriate. Overall, average medical equipment of EMS ambulances in Rasht was 66.5% and 64.8% respectively that had a significant difference with standards [p<0.05] according to standards of MOH and Iran Standard National organization. In addition, the average equipment regarding both standards was as follows: In the medical and diagnosis groups:80% and 82.4%; equipment of respiration/ventilation: 97%; injection/drugs: 73% and 58.4%; equipment of treatment-critical management: 65.3% and 55.7%; nursing care/ bandage 58.3% and 53.8% that have significant differences with Iran defined standards in all cases [p<0.05]. According to the results and both standards, about 84% of ambulances had all equipment related to the airway/ventilation management. According to the results, the best condition of medical equipment of EMS ambulances was related to equipment of airway/ventilation management. There was a significant deficiency in other equipment groups. The deficiencies of medical equipment of ambulances will reduce the efficiency of all the pre-hospital emergency medical services; therefore, it seems essential to reduce deficiencies and to achieve the national standards

Performance ratio analysis: a national study on Iranian hospitals affiliated to ministry of health and medical education

This study was designed to present and compare Iranian hospitals' performance applying ratio analysis technique. This cross-sectional survey was conducted to present an instant image of 139 Iranian hospitals' performance status applying ratio analysis as one of the non parametric technical efficiency assessment methods in 2008. Data was collected using nine dimensional questionnaires supported by world wide web to achieve main hospital ratios. Final analysis was performed applying classic statistics and relevant statistical tests on significant level of 0.05. Four hospital performance indicators were estimated in the studied hospitals as follows: Bed turnover rate [BTR] was fluctuated from 64.5 to 114.8 times for hospitals located in rich and poor areas respectively. Moreover Bed Interval Rate [BIT] was calculated 1.36 versus 2.4 in the poor and rich areas. Average length of stay [ALS] was computed 1.82 for the poor regions but 3.27 for the rich ones furthermore, a positive statistical significant correlation was seen between ALS and the hospital size [P=0.001, r=0.28]. Average bed occupancy rate [BOR] was 57.8% and its variation was from 31.4% to 64.5% depending on the hospital size so that there was a positive statistical significant relationship between the hospital size and BOR [P=0.006, r=0.32]. Regarding that BOR, ALS, BTR and BIT along with mortality rates are mentioned as the most considerable performance indicators, applying analytic frameworks more than considering single and raw indicators are severely recommended

[Utilization of research results at office of deputy minister for management and resources development and identification of obstacles]

The main purpose of this project was exactly identification of the applied researches done by different offices of the Iranian Ministry of Health, Remedies and Medical Education in the deputy between September of 1998 to September of 2003, considering their results and the degree of utilization by the users. This project had 4 steps .The 1[st] step was a questionnaire for identifying some demographic data .Study of research final reports was the 2[nd] step, gathering special goals and tangible products .In the 3[rd] one, an interview was made with the researches main users .The last step was to analyze the findings and to emphasize on systematic obstacles with relevant suggestions. For total of 23 researches, about $ 462000 paid .For 16 researches a public announcement have done, the reminders had restrict announces .Among the researchers, 17 were selected by their proposals, but 6 ones just by their Cerculem Vitaes .Only the degrees of 17 researchers were relevant to the research subjects. The sum of all researches done in this period, the utilization capability was [High], but the utilization indeed was [Low] .About 38%of them were faced with some managerial obstacles and 62%had some kinds of operational ones .According to the results, choosing better subjects, documenting the main goals of the research, selecting the researchers based on their experiences and their proposals, attention to operational agenda, stability of policies, and higher administration commitment are useful suggestions for removing the obstacles