Evaluation of some serological techniques used for diagnosis of brucellosis in Sohag governorate

This work was carried out on citizens of Sohag governorate to study the prevalence of human brucellosis and to evaluate some serological tests for the diagnosis of brucella ionfection. The results of this study showed that out of 660 tested sera, 66[11%] gave positive results by ELIZA test. The data also indicated that the differentiation between chronic and acute brucellosis is of much importance as out of 17 patients who were presenting with acute symptoms; 17.63% were differentiated into chronic by combining their serological findings and the clinical symptoms while 12.77% of persons at risk who showed seropositivity were classified as acute, however not presenting with acute symptoms. The agreement among positives between each two serological methods showed that the highest agreement5 was between ELIZA and tube agglutination [63.60]. the results of this study also suggest that ELIZA method would be an adequate substitute for conventional technique

study on the effect of some antimicrobial agents on candida albicans strains

One hundred strains of C. albicans from different clinical and environmental sources were tested to evaluate their sensitivity to some antibacterial and antifungal agents [tetracycline, chloramphenicol, miconazole and nystatin and their combinations in pairs]. Tetracycline and chloramphenicol and combination of both drugs had no inhibitory effect on the growth of all isolates of C. albicans tested at maximum concentration [20 ug/ml]. However, tetracycline, but not chloramphenicol, was found to enhance the growth of C. albicans. C. albicans was sensitive to nystatin [MIC 12.5 to 100 ug/ml], but highly sensitive to MCZ [MIC 0.005 to 50 ug/ml]. Combination of antifungals and antibiotics tested exerted synergistic activity against all isolates of C. albicans in different concentration. For instance MCZ with tetracycline [MIC 0.005 to 12.5 ug/ml], MCZ with chloramphenicol [MIC 0.005 to 25 ug/ml], combination of nystatin with tetracycline [MIC 78 to 100 ug/ml] and nystatin with chloramphenicol [MIC 6.25 to 100 ug/ml]. The pathogenic isolates of C. albicans were more resistant than nonpathogenic and environmental isolates to antifungal and their combinations with antibacterial antibiotics used

transfer of passive immunity to the Arabian foal and its relation to immune status after birth

This study included 161 samples from 21 mares and 21 foals born to them. It was found that concerning colostrum, the highest level of proteins and gamma globulins was before suckling then declined rapidly after foaling. There was strong positive correlation coefficient between gamma globulins and IgG. Therefore, IgG measurement could be an accurate mean for evaluation of gamma globulin. Arabian Mare's colostrum has efficient mammary gland in concentrating immunoglobulins. Concerning foal's serum proteins, foal's presuckling serum showed either absence or presence of traces of gamma globulins. The maximum titers of total proteins, gamma globulins and immunoglobulins G and M in foal's serum were attained quickly after 24 hours of suckling. Immunological maturation appears to begin earlier in Arabian foals than in other breeds

Evaluation of sanitary status of some beaches of Alexandria by using the indicator organisms

Alexandria is still facing the problem of pollution of its beaches by the disposal of its crude and untreated sewage in it. This could be a real public health hazard to which swimmers are exposed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate this problem by determination of the two common indicators of fecal pollution i.e. fecal coliform and fecal streptococcal counts. A total of 216 water samples from twelve selected Alexandria beaches were examined by the membrane filter method. Identification of these indicators was done according to the standard methods for the examination of water and waste water A.P.H.A. [1980]. From the results of this study it was found that the two indicator organisms were detected in all of the studied beaches. Thus, all Alexandria beaches are considered to be polluted; Maamoura and Mountazah beaches had the least counts of the indicator organisms. Sporting and Gleem had the highest counts. Anfoushi, El-Kashafa, El- Shatby and Mandara had also a high count of the indicator organism. Ibrahimia, Sidi-Gaber, Stanley and Sidi-Bishr No. [1] had bacterial counts in between. They were considered to be moderately polluted. No statistical significant differences were found between the months of the study, but is was found that the bacterial count increased in cold months in the beaches having sewer out falls, as these outfalls were partially opened in summer. The results showed that fecal streptococcal count was higher than that of fecal coliform count. It can be concluded that the disposal of the untreated sewage into the sea water causes public health hazards to swimmers. A new sewage disposal scheme without disposing a drop of sewage into the bathing beaches has to be decided

Bacteriological study of different types of water from some governorates in Egypt

This study was carried out on 91 water samples collected from taps [31], Zirs [19], irrigation canals [23] and drainage canals [19] from the Governorates of Menufia, Behera and Assiut. Total Coliforms, FC and FS were determined by the MTD technique and the total bacterial density by the SPC method. Significant levels of these polluted indicator organisms were detected in the different types of water. Total coliforms were the most common, and only 25% of the water samples were uncontaminated. No significant differences were found in the counts of polluted indicator organisms of Behera, Menufia and Assiut. The SPC at 22°C was approximately double that at 37°C, and there was a great variation between fecal indicator organisms and SPC

Bacteriophage typing and antibiotic susceptibility of staph aureus strains isolated from omphalitis cases born at hospital and at home

This study was a trial to determine the prevalence of multi-resistant Staph. aureus infections among infants born at hospital and at home, and also to find the relationship between the phage pattern and antibiotic resistance of Staph. aureus. It was found that Staph. aureus isolates had multi-resistance against many antibiotics. There was no statistically significant difference between those born at hospitals and homes. It was found that phage patterns belonging to group III were the most prevalent in the hospital group. No one pattern was distinctly prevalent among them. This means that there was multi-source of infection and not only one. Also there was some virulent strains lysed by phage 80 among those born at home

Organisms carried by cimex lectularies [bed bug] in an animal house

Bed bugs were collected from cages of guinea pigs and rats in a certain farm for hamster breeding. The collected bugs were examined for fungi, bacterial and protozoa. Mycological and bacteriological examination of 40 samples of bed bugs revealed 2 T. rubrum, 3 C. albicans, 6 A. flavus, 6 A. niger, 1 Staph. aureus and 2 Gram negative rods E. coli and citrobacter. Protozoal examination reveals 3 Trypanosoma lewisi from 100 slides

Isolation of some pathogenic organisms such as salmonella, shigella and vibrio para haemolyticus from Mariut lake due to sewage discharge

The isolation of the salmonella, shigella and V. parahaemolyticus directly from water is the most reliable proof that it contains dangerous impurities. A total of 80 water samples were collected by modified moore swab from four sites [Factories, Gheit El-Enab, Kabbary, citadel. It was found that the highest salmonella recovery 90% were obtained form Gheit El-Enab while the least percentage was factories. 212 salmonella strains were isolated, they were belonging to 20 serotypes. In addition 5% shigella strains were isolated [Sh. boydii] BS was the most efficient medium