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1.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 41: e41466, 20190000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1460865

ABSTRACT

The pineapple is a fruit that has wide acceptance worldwide both in natural form, as industrialized. Your peel is a residue generated by food industries and from this residue can obtain a protein extract which is a good source of bromelain. This study aimed to obtain a protein extract from pineapple peel, evaluate its enzyme activity and its healing properties in skin lesions in rats. Seven animal groups were used: control, treated with 5% of protein extract, 10% of protein extract and pure protein extract; 5% of commercial bromelain, 10% of commercial bromelain and pure commercial bromelain. The animals were subjected to a tissue incision and treated for 21 days. Proteolytic and specific activities of the protein extract were 1.30 U mg-1 and 45 x 10-3 U μg-1 and, for commercial bromelain, 1.04 U mg-1 and 6 x 10-3 U μg-1, respectively. In the histology of the lesion, there was no significant difference between the control and treated groups; however, macroscopically, the prepared topical formulations assisted in the recovery of skin lesions, providing a significant reduction in their width, in the groups treated with pure protein extract, 5 and 10% commercial bromelain, and pure bromelain.


Subject(s)
Ananas/chemistry , Biotechnology , Protein Structural Elements
2.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 58(6): 891-897, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-766967

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the sperm quality and testicular histomorphometry of Wistar rats supplemented with extract and fractions of fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. The ethanolic extract was obtained by dynamic maceration of spray-dried fruit. This extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition, using increasing polarity solvents. Twenty male rats were separated in four groups, with five rats in each group. The control was supplemented with distilled water, while the others were daily given the ethanolic extract, hexanic or aqueous fraction soluble in methanol in a dose of 42 mg.kg-1.day-1 for 70 days. Sperm was obtained from the right epididymal tail for the analysis of motility, count, morphology and viability. The testicular weight of groups supplemented with ethanolic extract and aqueous fraction soluble in methanol was higher when compared to the control. The gonadosomatic index increased in the group supplemented with ethanolic extract. The nuclear, cytoplasmic and individual volume of Leydig cells increased in supplementation with hexanic and aqueous fractions soluble in methanol. It was concluded that the extract influenced the spermatogenesis, while hexanic and aqueous fractions soluble in methanol promoted the changes in the intertubular compartment. Therefore, Tribulus terrestris did not improve the sperm quality of the rats.

3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 58(4): 494-503, Jul-Aug/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-753943

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and toxicologic effects of the administration of the powered vegetable extract and aqueous extract of Tournefortia paniculata leaves on Wistar rats, subjected to a hypercaloric diet for 42 days. The rats were divided into five groups and were given the following treatments by gavage: T0 (control) - 1.0 mL water day-1; T1 - aqueous extract containing 14 mg phenolic compounds kg-1 rat day-1; T2 - 14 mg quercetin kg-1 rat day-1; T3 - 50 mg powered vegetable extract from T. paniculata leaves (PVE) kg-1 rat day-1 and T4 - 100 mg PVE kg-1 rat day-1. The treatments did not significantly alter the weight, but were effective in reducing liver fat, glucose and serum triglycerides. The treatment T1 reduced food consumption and lipid peroxidation. None of the treatments showed genotoxic potential. Results showed that T. paniculata leaves possessed an anti-obesity potential. However, a more detailed study of the medicinal potential and characterization of phytochemicals in this plant would be still necessary for a better understanding of its mechanisms of action, enabling future applications in the treatment of this pathology or for various therapeutic purposes.

4.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 58(3): 406-413, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748208

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of ractopamine (RAC) on metabolism, zootechnical performance, body composition, and behavior in Wistar rats submitted to acute and chronic restrain stress. The oral dose of 5 mg/kg of RAC was administered in periods of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The elevated plus-maze test (EPMT) was used for behavioral assessment. Blood, carcass and viscera characteristics were evaluated. Insulin-dependent glucose transporters (GLUT-4) were semi-quantified by Western Blot in epididymal adipocytes. RAC periods associated with chronic stress increased the GLUT-4 protein expression in adipose tissue in a time-dependent manner (P=0.01), i.e., the longer the RAC addition period, the higher the GLUT-4 concentration in chronically stressed animals (0=1.42; 7=1.19; 14=2.03; 21=1.59; 28=2.35). The stress periods combined with RAC increased the time spent in the opened arms of the maze (Chronic stress: 0=10.6; 7=8.7; 14=5.9; 21=12.3; 28=4.0; Acute stress 0=3.1; 7= 4.7; 14=7.5; 21=0.0; 28=2.8) (P=0.04). Chronic (entries on the closed arms [ECA]=3.60) and acute (ECA=3.80) stress reduced locomotive activity in the maze (P=0.03). The results suggested that stress could negatively affect the possible benefits offered by the RAC, mainly impairing the adipose tissue metabolism and behavior in the animals.

5.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 56(1): 35-43, Jan.-Feb. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-670279

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article was to evaluate the in vivo mechanism of action through which ractopamine reduces the amount of adipose tissue in carcass of animals fed diets supplemented with this drug. Literature search was carried out, using the keywords Ractopamine, lipogenesis, lipolysis, fatty acid and adipose tissue. The scoring system was designed for the adequacy of the methodology. A total of eight papers were found - all published in the English language. The determination of lipolysis and lipogenesis was carried out using different methods - from the quantification of non-esterified fatty acids in the blood to molecular analyses of adipose tissue. The review analysis suggested that, at least in the pigs, the use of this drug reduced lipid deposition in the carcass due to a greater inhibition of lipogenesis than an increase in lipolysis.

6.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 33(6): 1608-1614, nov.-dez. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538365

ABSTRACT

Conduziu-se o presente estudo, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes tipos de fibras sobre as fraçoes lipídicas do sangue e fígado de ratos. Para determinar o efeito da pectina citrica, goma guar e celulose sobre o perfil lipidico dos ratos utilizaramse 36 ratos machos da linhagem wistar. Os ratos foram distribuidos aleatoreamente em seis grupos. Cada gruopo foi submetido a uma dieta por 58 dias. As dietas utilizadas foram: A- 10 por cento de pectina, B - 15 por cento de pectina, C - 10 por cento de goma guar, D- 15 por cento de goma guar, E - 5 por cento de Celulose sem colesterol e F - 5 por cento celulose com 1 por cento de colesterol. A pectina e a goma guar evitaram o aumento do colesterol total e LDL-c sérico observado na dieta F (p<0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre os tipos de fibras e a quantidades utilizadas. Os níveis séricos HDL-c, VLDL-c e TAG permaneceram inalterados em todos os tratamentos. Os resultados mostram o potencial efeito benéfico da ingestão das fibras solúveis pectina e goma guar no controle da colesterolemia.


The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different types of fibers on lipid portions of mice blood and liver. To determine the effect of citric pectin, guar gum and cellulose on the rat lipid profile, 36 male mice of the Wistar strain were utilized. The mice were allocated randomly into six groups. Each group was submitted to an experimental diet for 58 days. The utilized diets were: A- 10 percent pectin, B - 15 percent pectin, C - 10 percent guar gum, D- 15 percent guar gum, E - 5 percent cellulose with no cholesterol and F - 5 percent cellulose with 1 percent cholesterol. Pectin and guar gum prevented the increase of total cholesterol and serum LDL-c found in diet F (p<0.05). There was no significant difference among the types of soluble fibers and the amounts utilized. The serum levels HDL-c, VLDL-c, and TAG did not alter in all the treatments. The results show the potential beneficial effect of the ingestion of the soluble fibers pectin and guar gum in cholesterolemia control.

7.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 33(6): 1627-1636, nov.-dez. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538368

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to verify the effect of different levels of true digestible lysine (TDL) and crude protein (CP) on diets on the carcass composition of the swine in the nursery phase. Eighty piglets Landrace x Large White, barrows and females, with initial weight of 9.1±1.2 kg and final weight of 21.5±4.8 kg, weaned at the 28 days, allotted in groups of two during 35 days in the nursery. A randomized block design in factorial 2x4 (two levels of CP - 16 and 18 percent - and four of TDL - 0.7; 0.9; 1.1 and 1.3 percent) with five repetitions was used. After weighing, one animal of each stall was sacrificed and the carcass utilized for determination of water (CWP), protein (CPP) and lipid (CLP) percentage and deposition tax of the protein (DTP) and lipid (DTL). There were no differences for CWP, but there was had quadratic effect of the lysine levels on the CPP and DTP in the carcasses only in 18 percent CP diets, being 1.02 percent of TDL that propitiated the best result for DTP. There was no difference in 16 percent CP diets. For the CLP, there were no differences when 18 percent CP diets were utilized, however there was had quadratic effect with 16 percent CP diets, being 0.99 percent the level of TDL that provided the higher deposition. For the DTL, the 1.08 and 1.00 percent of TDL resulting in higher values in 18 and 16 percent CP diets, respectively. One concluded that 18 percent CP diets is the ideal and the 1.02 percent of TDL must be kept for the best carcass composition of swine in the initial phase.


Objetivou-se verificar o efeito dos níveis de lisina digestível verdadeira (LDV) e proteína bruta (PB) nas rações sobre a composição de carcaça de suínos na fase inicial. Foram utilizados 80 suínos Landrace x Large White, machos castrados e fêmeas, com peso inicial de 9,1±1,2 kg e final de 21,5±4,8 kg, desmamados aos 28 dias, alojados em grupos de dois, durante 35 dias na creche. Foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2x4 (dois níveis de PB - 16 e 18 por cento e quatro de LDV - 0,7; 0,9; 1,1 e 1,3 por cento) com cinco repetições. Após a pesagem, um animal de cada baia foi abatido e as carcaças utilizadas para determinação da porcentagem de água ( por centoA), proteína ( por centoP) e lipídios ( por centoL) e taxa de deposição de proteína (TDP) e lipídios (TDL). Não houve diferenças para por centoA na carcaça. Houve efeito quadrático dos níveis de lisina na por centoP e TDP na carcaça apenas em rações com 18 por cento PB, sendo 1,02 por cento de LDV o nível que proporcionou melhor resultado. Não houve diferença em rações com 16 por cento PB. Para por centoL, não houve diferença quando 18 por cento PB foi utilizado, porém houve efeito quadrático com 16 por cento PB, sendo 0,99 por cento o nível de LDV que proporcionou a maior deposição. Para TDL, os níveis de 1,08 e 1,00 por cento de LDV resultaram em maiores valores em rações com 18 e 16 por cento PB, respectivamente. Conclui-se que 18 por cento PB na ração é o ideal e que 1,02 por cento de LDV deve ser mantido para uma melhor composição de carcaça de suínos na fase inicial.

8.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 33(6): 1655-1662, nov.-dez. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538372

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted at the Department of Animal Husbandry of Universidade Federal de Lavras aiming to study the nitrogen and energy balance in diets with reduced crude protein rates (CP) and different levels of energy and lysine for growing pigs. 52 castrated pigs (initial weight = 36.13 ± 2.8 kg) of high genetic potential were used, housed individually in metabolism cages (experimental unit). The treatments consisted of 12 diets with three levels of metabolizable energy (ME) (3060, 3230 and 3400 kcal / kg) and four of true digestible lysine (TDL) (0.7, 0.9, 1.1 and 1, 3 percent) with 14 percent CP plus a control diet with 3230 kcal ME / kg, 1.03 percent TDL and 18 percent CP. We used a DBC in time 3x4 +1 factorial design with four replications to verify the absorbed nitrogen (AN), N retained (NR), the NR / NA ( percent),absorbed energy (AE), retained energy (RE) and the ratio RE /AE ( percent). In relation retained nitrogen / absorbed nitrogen was declining linear regression (P <0.05) when 3400 kcal / kg was used, where the lowest levels (0.7 and 0.9 percent) of TDL showed the best results. In the study of energy balance, for the variables retained energy and the relationship between energy there was no difference (P> 0.05) between the control treatment and other experimental diets. It is concluded that the levels 3230 kcal / kg and 1.03 percent of TDL can be used without affecting the utilization of nitrogen by growing pigs in diets with reduced crude protein content.


Foi conduzido um experimento no Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Lavras com o objetivo de estudar o balanço de nitrogênio e energético em rações contendo reduzido teor de proteína bruta (PB) e diferentes níveis de energia e lisina para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 52 suínos machos castrados (peso inicial = 36,13 ± 2,8 kg) de alto potencial genético, alojados individualmente em gaiolas de metabolismo (unidade experimental). Os tratamentos consistiram em 12 dietas formuladas com três níveis de energia metabolizável (EM) (3060, 3230 e 3400 kcal/kg) e quatro de lisina digestível verdadeira (LISD) (0,7; 0,9; 1,1 e 1,3 por cento) com 14 por cento PB mais um tratamento controle, com 3230 kcal EM/kg, 1,03 por cento LISD e 18 por cento PB. Utilizouse um DBC no tempo em fatorial 3x4+1, com quatro repetições, para verificar o N absorvido (NA), N retido (NR), a relação NR/ NA ( por cento), energia absorvida (EA), energia retida (ER) e a relação ER/EA ( por cento). Na relação nitrogênio retido /nitrogênio absorvido houve regressão linear decrescente (P<0,05) quando 3400 kcal/kg foi utilizado, onde os menores níveis (0,7 e 0,9 por cento) de LISD apresentaram os melhores resultados. No estudo do balanço energético, para a variáveis energia retida e a relação entre energia não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre o tratamento controle e as demais dietas experimentais. Conclui-se que os níveis 3230 kcal EM/kg e 1,03 por cento de LISD podem ser utilizados sem afetar o aproveitamento do nitrogênio pelos suínos em crescimento, em rações com reduzido teor de proteína bruta.

9.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 32(3): 900-907, maio-jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-487962

ABSTRACT

Um dos componentes da multimistura para suplementação alimentar de populações carentes é a farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM) que possui elevado conteúdo em proteínas, vitaminas e minerais. Todavia, as folhas de mandioca também apresentam substâncias antinutritivas e/ou tóxicas, como cianeto, polifenóis, nitrato, ácido oxálico, hemaglutinina, saponinas e inibidores de tripsina. Objetivou-se neste trabalho extrair as proteínas da FFM, purificando-as em coluna cromatográfica e determinar sua atividade hemaglutinante e toxicidade. Foram testadas várias estratégias de extração e precipitação das proteínas, sendo que o maior teor protéico e atividade hemaglutinante foi obtido na extração com água destilada na proporção 1:20 (p/v) seguida da precipitação com sulfato de amônio a 80 por cento de saturação. As proteínas precipitadas foram purificadas em coluna Q-Sepharose. Das quatro frações obtidas na purificação (I, II, III e IV), a I e a II apresentaram maiores atividades hemaglutinantes. As mesmas frações foram injetadas via intraperitoneal em camundongos com doses de 2mg (fração I), 3mg (fração II), 54mg (fração III) e 52mg (fração IV) para cada animal com 20g de peso médio, não sendo observadas mortes ou quaisquer efeitos adversos após 120h.


One of the components of the multimixture to the feed supplementation of low-income populations is cassava leaf flour (FFM), with high content of proteins, vitamins and minerals. However, cassava leaves also present substance regarded as antinutritive and/or toxic, such as cyanide, polyphenols, nitrate, oxalic acid, hemagglutinin, saponins and trypsin inhibitors. The aim of this work was to extract proteins from FFM, purifying them in chromatographic column and determine their hemagglutinating activity and toxicity. A number of strategies of extraction and precipitation of proteins were tested; the highest protein content and hemagglutinating activity were obtained in the extraction with distilled water at the 1:20 ratio (p/v) followed by the precipitation with ammonium sulfate at 80 percent of saturation. The precipitated proteins were purified in Q-Sepharose Fast Flow column. Out of the four purification fractions (I, II, III e IV), the I and II activities presented higher specific activity. The same fractions were injected intraperitoneal via in mice of 20g weight with doses of 2mg (fraction I), 3mg (fraction II), 54mg (fraction III) and 52mg (fraction IV). No deaths or any adverse effects was observed after 120h.

10.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 32(2): 584-590, mar.-abr. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-483366

ABSTRACT

Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da suplementação do complexo enzimático Endopower , composto de a-galactosidase, galactomanase, xilanase e beta-glucanase e da forma física da ração sobre o desempenho e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1488 frangos de corte machos, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, oito tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de rações à base de milho e de farelo de soja, sem adição de enzimas ou com 200 ou 400 g de enzimas por tonelada de ração e duas formas físicas (farelada e peletizada). Dois tratamentos adicionais continham dieta basal farelada com energias do milho e farelo de soja valorados em 2 e 9 por cento, respectivamente e digestibilidade de aminoácidos valorados em 4 por cento para ambos ingredientes, sendo um tratamento sem adição de enzimas e outro com a adição de 200 g por tonelada de ração. O desempenho foi avaliado de 1 a 21 dias e 1 a 42 dias de idade das aves. Houve efeito da suplementação enzimática no consumo de ração, nos dois períodos avaliados (P<0,05), o qual reduziu linearmente. A conversão alimentar melhorou (P<0,05) no período de 1-21 dias. O teor de gordura abdominal aumentou linearmente (P<0,05). Houve interação entre suplementação enzimática e forma física da ração na conversão alimentar (P<0,01) e ganho de peso (P<0,05) no período de 1-42 dias, sendo a forma peletizada sem enzimas a que proporcionou melhor desempenho (P<0,05). O ganho de peso de 1-21 dias e o rendimento de carcaça foram superiores nas aves recebendo ração peletizada (P<0,05). A valoração do milho e do farelo de soja não afetou o desempenho (P>0,05) dos frangos de corte 1-21 dias de idade.


A study was conducted in order to verify the effect of enzyme supplementation (Endopower, based on de alpha-galactosidase, galactomanase, xilanase e beta-glucanase) and feeding different physical forms of diets on performance and carcass yield of broilers from 1 to 42 dais old. A total of 1488 broilers chickens, 8 treatments, 6 replicates and 31 broilers per experimental unit plot were fed with diets based on corn and soybean, with enzyme supplementation 200 or 400g for ton. and without enzymes supplementation and two physical forms (meal and pelleted ). Two additional basal diets with the energetic values of corn and soybean meal valued in 2 and 9 percent respectively and digestibilidade of amino acids digestibility valued in 4 percent by using one treatment with no enzyme supplementation and another one with enzyme supplementation of 200g/ton. Two periods 1-21 and 22-42 days old were evaluated. Reduced feed intake were observed in linear way (P<0.05) by the enzyme supplementation (P<0.05) in two periods. Broilers fed diets supplemented showed better feed conversion in the period of 1-21 days (P<0.05). Percentage of abdominal fat increased linearly with the increase of the supplementation level of enzyme (P<0.05). The interaction between enzyme supplementation and physical form was significant (P<0.05) for weight gain (P<0.05) and feed conversion (P<0.01) in the period of 1-42 days old . Pelleted diets showed better weight gain in the 1- 21 days (P<0.05). The pelleted diet improved performance to the broilers fed diets without enzyme supplementation (P<0.05). The carcass yield and weight gain in the period of 121 days were better in broilers fed pelleted diets (P<0.05). ). The valued energetic data of corn and soybean meal shown any difference (P>0.05) on the broiler performance from 1 to 21 days old.

11.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 31(3): 860-864, maio-jun. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-456918

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a composição química, vitreosidade e valores nutricionais de diferentes híbridos de milho através de análises laboratoriais e de um ensaio de metabolismo com suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 24 suínos em fase de crescimento (35,6 Kg ±± 3,05 kg de PV) machos castrados mestiços (LD x LW), os quais foram mantidos em gaiolas de metabolismo e distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso totalizando 24 parcelas. Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram de 6 rações com os seguintes híbridos de milho: milho óleo (Móleo), milho QPM (MQPM), milho dentado (Mdent), milho semidentado (Msemi) e dois milhos duros (Mdur1) e (Mdur2). Os valores obtidos de vitreosidade, coeficiente de digestibilidade da proteína bruta (CDPB) e energia digestível (ED) para Móleo, MQPM, Mdent, Msemi, Mdur1 e Mdur2 foram 78,5 por cento; 71,7 por cento; 57,2 por cento; 68,2 por cento; 75,9 por cento; 82,8 por cento; 81,68 por cento; 80,14 por cento; 82,35 por cento; 69,71 por cento; 76,98 por cento; 75,61 por cento; 3680; 3426; 3597; 3441; 3340 e 3469 Kcal/Kg, respectivamente. Foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) para os valores de vitreosidade, mostrando que os milhos de textura dura apresentam maior vitreosidade em relação ao semidentado e ao dentado. Houve diferenças significativas no CDMS, CDPB e ED entre os milhos estudados (P<0,05), mostrando que o milho óleo (Móleo) e o dentado (Mdent) foram superiores aos demais. Em relação ao nitrogênio retido ( por centoNR), houve diferenças significativas (P<0,05) entre os milhos estudados. Para esta variável os milhos dentado, QPM e alto óleo mostraram-se superiores aos milhos semidentado e os duros. Conclui-se que os milhos dentado, Móleo e MQPM foram superiores aos demais.


This study was conducted in order to evaluate the chemical composition, vitreousity endosperm and nutritional values of different hybrids of corn through of chemical analysis and a metabolism assay with growing pigs. The metabolism assay were conducted by utilizing 24 crossbred (LD x.LW) barrows with 35,6Kg+- 3,05Kg keept in metabolism cages . The experimental treatments were formed by six (6) diets formulated with hybrids of corn: "corn oil", corn QPM, corn-dent, semi-dent, and two corns-flints. The values obtained Vitreousity, Digestibility Coefficients of the Crude Protein, and Energy Digestible for corns high oil, QPM, dent, semi-dent, hard 1 and hard 2 were 78,5 percent; 71,7 percent; 57,2 percent; 68,2 percent; 75,9 percent; 82,8 percent; 80,14 percent; 82,35 percent; 69,71 percent; 76,98 percent; 75,61 percent; 3680, 3426; 3597; 3441; 3340 and 3469 Kcal/Kg, respectively. The data shown significant differences (P<0,005) for the values of vitreousity (P<0,005) among the corns studied. Corns varieties with hard texture show a higher vitreousity as compared with those semi-dent and corn dent varieties. There were significant differences in Digestibility Coefficients of Dry Matter, Digestibility Coefficients of Protein Crude and Energy Digestible among the corn varieties studied (P<0,05). The "corn oil" and the corn dent varieties shown higher digestibility values than others. The Nitrogen Retention showed significant differences (P<0,05) among the corns studied. The corns varieties dent, QPM and "corn oil" showed higher digestibility as compared with the semi-dent and corns-flints varieties. In conclusion the corn-dent, "corn oil"and corn QPM varieties showed better nutritional values than others varieties studied.

12.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 31(2): 420-428, mar.-abr. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-454366

ABSTRACT

Sabe-se que polifenóis e saponinas apresentam efeitos antioxidante e hipolipidêmico, respectivamente. Como folhas de mandioca contêm estas substâncias, foi investigado o efeito de dietas contendo a farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM) sobre a peroxidação lipídica, o perfil lipídico sangüíneo e o peso do fígado de ratos. Para isto, folhas maduras de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao) foram secas em estufa ventilada a 30-35 °C e trituradas sem os pecíolos. Um ensaio biológico, com 32 ratos machos Wistar, foi conduzido por um período de 7 semanas com quatro tratamentos: dieta controle e dietas contendo 5 por cento, 10 por cento e 15 por cento de FFM, sendo todas suplementadas com 1 por cento de colesterol. As dietas se apresentaram isoenergéticas e contendo os mesmos níveis de proteína digestível e fibras. Foi observado que dietas contendo FFM não apresentaram efeitos significativos sobre o perfil lipídico sangüíneo e sobre as variáveis de desempenho, mas contribuiram para o aumento no peso do fígado. Já as dietas contendo 10 por cento e 15 por cento de FFM foram associadas à redução nos teores plasmáticos de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico.


It is well known that polyphenols and saponins present antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects, respectively. As cassava leaves contains these substances, the effects of diets supplemented with cassava leaf flour (CLF) on lipidic peroxidation, blood lipid profile and liver weight of rats were investigated. Therefore, ripe cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao) were dried in a ventilated oven at 30-35 °C and ground without the petioles. A biological assay was conducted during 7 weeks with 32 Wistar male rats submitted to four treatments: control diet and diets containing 5 percent, 10 percent and 15 percent CLF, all supplemented with 1 percent cholesterol. Diets were isoenergetic and contained the same levels of digestible protein, and fibers. It was observed that diets containing CLF presented no significant effect on blood lipidic profile or performance variables, but contributed to an increase in liver weight. Diets containing 10 percent and 15 percent CLF were associated with a reduction in plasmatic levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

13.
JBP rev. Ibero-am. odontopediatr. odontol. bebê ; 8(45): 305-311, set.-out. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-510992

ABSTRACT

Avaliara-se os efeitos do diazepam (Valium® - 5mg) e hidrato de cloral 16% (40 mg/Kg) via oral em 20 crianças de três a sete anos, com "comportamento definitivamente negativo" (escala de Frankl) no tratamento odontológico. Foram atendidas, em duas sessões, sendo que em apenas uma administrou-se hidrato de cloral (n=10) ou diazepam (n=10). Os sinais vitais (pressão arterial, temperatura corporal, frequência cardíaca e respiratória) foram monitorados antes, durante e após a intervenção, nas duas sessões. O tratamento (restauração de cáries oclusais) foi dividido em quatro etapas: anestesia (5 min), isolamento absoluto (5 min), remoção de tecido cariado com instrumento rotatório (10 min); restauração (5 min), realizado por um único profissional e filmado. Três avaliadores assistiram separadamente às sessões, empregando a escala de comportamento de McKee, com escores concernentes ao choro, cooperação, ansiedade e sono. Aplicou-se o teste de Wilcoxon e a análise de variância, com significância de 95%. Os sinais vitais não foram alterados durante as sessões e durante as etapas do tratamento com e sem medicação. Os escores das sessões com o diazepam foram significativamente maiores do que com hidrato de cloral, indicando maior eficácia do diazepam. O comportamento foi mais negativo quando se administrou ambos os medicamentos na primeira sessão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Behavior Control , Conscious Sedation/methods , Child Behavior , Dental Anxiety , Pediatric Dentistry
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