Avaliação dos padrões de morfologia e inserção dos freios labiais em pacientes da clínica-escola de odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa - PB / Patterns evaluation of the labial frenum's morphology and insertion on patients that attended the clinic school of dentistry of the University Center of João Pessoa - PB

Introdução: A investigação dos padrões estruturais dos freios labiais é importante para o estabelecimento da frequência com que ocorrem as variações, sejam estas de normalidade ou prejudiciais à função. Objetivo: Avaliar os padrões de morfologia e inserção dos freios labiais de pacientes atendidos na Clínica-Escola de Odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa-PB. Material e método: Avaliaram-se 385 pacientes atendidos no período de agosto de 2012 a abril de 2013, de ambos os sexos. Os dados foram analisados no software IBM SPSS (20.0). Resultado: A morfologia de prevalência foi do tipo simples tanto para o freio labial superior (82,6%) quanto para o inferior (100,0%). A inserção de maior prevalência foi a "mucosa alveolar", tanto nos superiores (75,8%) quanto nos inferiores (99,0%). Não houve diferença entre os sexos masculino e feminino para morfologia e inserção superiores (p=0,673 e p=0,582, respectivamente), bem como para a inserção inferior (p=0,599). Note-se que o mesmo ocorreu para as diferentes cores de pele - leucoderma, melanoderma e faioderma, com p=0,343; p=0,269; p=0,134, respectivamente. Verificou-se diferença (p=0,011) entre as médias de idade para as variantes de inserção do freio labial superior. Conclusão: A morfologia predominante tanto para freios labiais superiores quanto para inferiores é o tipo simples, havendo maior número de variantes morfológicas para os superiores. A inserção do tipo mucosa alveolar é a de maior ocorrência tanto para freios superiores quanto inferiores. Não há relação entre os padrões de morfologia e inserção com o sexo e a cor da pele, mas observa-se relação entre o padrão de inserção dos freios labiais superiores e a idade dos indivíduos.

Introduction: The investigation of the structural patterns of labial frenum is important to establish the frequency with which variation occur, whether normal or harmful to the function. Objective: To evaluate the patterns of morphology and insertion of labial frenum of patients attended at the clinical School of Dentistry of the University Center of João Pessoa-PB. Material and method: It was evaluated 385 patients of both genders that attended the clinic between august 2012 and april 2013. The data was analyzed using SPSS (20.0) software. Result: The most prevalent morphology was single for both the upper labial frenum (82.6%) and for the lower (100.0%). The insertion most prevalent is the "alveolar mucosa", both in the upper (75.8%) and the lower (99.0%). There was no difference between males and females for morphology and superior insertion (p= 0.673; p=0.582, respectively), as well as to the lower insertion (p=0.599), and so on for the different skin colors (leucoderma, melanoderma e faioderma) (p=0.343; p=0.269; p=0.134, respectively). There was statistical difference (p=0.011) between the mean age for insertion variants of the upper labial frenum. Conclusion: The most common morphology for both upper labial frenum and for lower is simple, with a higher number of morphological variants to superiors; while the insertion of the alveolar mucosa is most common for both upper and lower frenum; there is no relationship between the morphology and patterns of insertion regarding gender and skin color, but there is relation between the pattern of insertion of the upper labial frenum and age.

Fluoride content of bottled water commercialized in two cities of northeastern Brazil

Aim: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the fluoride content of bottled water commercialized intwo cities of northeastern Brazil and to compare the fluoride values measured in the water to the ones printed on the bottle label, considering risks (dental fluorosis) and benefits (caries control) of systemic fluoride exposure. Methods: Fifty-six water samples were collected from 20 brands available in severalsupermarkets with high turnover in different regions of the municipalities of São Luís (State of Maranhão)and João Pessoa (State of Paraíba) in 2009. Fluoride concentrations were determined by triplicate analysisusing an ion-specific electrode. Results: The measured mean fluoride content varied from 0.001 to 0.270 ppmF with a mean (±SD) of 0.037 (±0.041) for the 56 samples. The majority of samples were found to contain less than 0.043 ppmF (92%). Conclusion: These results emphasize the importance of controllingthe fluoride levels in bottled water enforced by the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency. Concerning therisks and benefits, fluoride concentrations in the evaluated bottled water samples were below the suggested concentration (0.7 mg F/l), having neither preventive effect nor the potential for causing dental fluorosis.