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1.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 8(3): 123-8, set. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-224885

ABSTRACT

Mulheres cuja mae ou irma apresentaram câncer de mama têm 3-4 vezes mais chance de desenvolvê-lo. Entretanto, apenas 10 por cento das pacientes acometidas apresentam história familiar positiva. Realizamos um estudo de caso-controle com casos incidentes para investigar a associaçao entre história familiar de câncer de mama em primeiro grau e o risco subseqüente de apresentar a doença. Foram avaliados 74 casos novos de câncer de mama (com confirmaçao histológica) e 222 controles pareados quanto a outros fatores de risco que nao história familiar em primeiro grau, selecionados entre mulheres que realizaram mamografia em Serviço Privado de Radiodiagnóstico no período de janeiro de 1994 a julho de 1997. Antes da realizaçao de mamografia, as pacientes foram entrevistadas quanto à idade da menarca e menopausa (caso tivesse ocorrido), idade da primeira gestaçao, paridade, uso de anticoncepcionais orais e terapia de reposiçao hormonal, além de história familiar em primeiro e segundo graus para câncer de mama. Nao houve diferença significativa entre casos e controles em relaçao a outros fatores de risco que nao história familiar em primeiro grau. As pacientes com câncer de mama apresentaram maior chance de ter história familiar em primeiro grau para câncer de mama comparadas aos controles (RC=4,36; IC95 por cento, 1,30-14,94; P=0,008). Concluimos que neoplasia maligna de mama está associada significativamente à presença de história familiar em primeiro grau para essa doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Risk Factors , Case-Control Studies , Mammography
2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 20(8): 469-473, set. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-454282

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: investigar a associação entre história familiar de câncer de mama em segundo grau e o risco de apresentar a doença. Métodos: estudo de caso-controle com casos incidentes. Foram avaliados 66 casos e 198 controles selecionados entre mulheres que realizaram mamografia em Serviço Privado de Radiodiagnóstico no período de janeiro de 94 a julho de 97. Casos e controles foram pareados quanto idade, idade da menarca, da primeira gestação e da menopausa, paridade, uso de anticoncepcionais orais e terapia de reposição hormonal. Resultados: não houve diferença significativa entre casos e controles em relação a outros fatores de risco que não história familiar em segundo grau. As pacientes com câncer de mama apresentaram maior chance de ter história familiar em segundo grau comparadas aos controles (RC=2,77; IC 95 por cento, 1,03-7,38; p=0,039). Conclusões: a neoplasia maligna de mama está associada à presença de história familiar em segundo grau para essa doença.


Purpose: to evaluate the association between second-degree family history of breast cancer and the risk to develop the disease. Methods: case-control study of incident cases. Sixty-six incident breast cancer cases and 198 controls were selected among women who were submitted to mammography in a private clinic between January 1994 and July 1997. Cases and controls were paired regarding age, age at menarche, at first live birth, at menopause, parity, oral contraceptives and use of hormonal replacement therapy. Results: there was no significant difference between cases and controls regarding all risk factors evaluated, besides second-degree family history. Patients with breast cancer were more likely to have second-degree relatives with breast cancer when compared to controls (OR=2.77; 95 percent CI, 1.03-7.38; p=0.039). Conclusions: malignant neoplasm of the breast is significantly associated with a second-degree family history of this disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Inheritance Patterns
3.
South am. j. thorac. surg ; 5(2): 61-73, maio-ago. 1998. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-301811

ABSTRACT

The associations between malignancy, immunossupression and infectious morbidity and mortality have been established, and the use of more intensive chemotherapic regimens have produced a higher number of immunosuppressed oncologic patients. Thus, the benefits of the antineoplastic therapy can be limited by the mortality associated with the complications of life-threatening infection. This have raised the necessity of empiric therapy, which main goal is to prevent the death in the carly stage, until a more specific choice can be determined based on the results of the bacteriological examination and the patient's response. Pulmonary infiltrates, which are generally the first manifestation of respiratory infection in immunocompromised patients, can be classified as localized (early, refractory or late) or diffuse. this classification helps to establish more directed empiric approaches. The choices of the initial empiric antibiotic therapy include (a) aminoglycoside + extended-spectrum beta-lactam, (b) complication of 2 beta-lactams, or (c) extended-spectrum monotherapy. It is also possible to coadministrate speciffically oriented. The optimal duration of empiric therapy and empiric antifungal therapy are also discussed in this review. The prevention of pulmonary infections is justified by the reduction in the morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. Selective decontamination with the use of agents that preserve the anaerobic flora have had variable results, being SMZ/TMP the agent more commonly used for this purpose. Hemotopoietic growth factors have shown to be effective in reducing the duration and the severity, but not the incidence of the chemotherapy-associated neutropenia, the number of infection episodes, or the mortally associated to infection.


Subject(s)
Neutropenia , Respiratory Tract Diseases
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