ABSTRACT
The study was carried out with the aim to determine the overall rate of congenital malformations, incidence in live births and stillbirths, as well as incidence affecting various organ systems, at a medical college hospital in Karnataka and compare them to previous studies Methods: All intramural deliveries between June 2012 and March 2014 were included in the study. All the new-borns were examined for congenital malformations soon after birth and every day during routine ward rounds. Relevant radiological, histo-hematological and genetic tests were carried out. Results: During the study period there were 3016 births out of which 2941 were live births and 75 were still born. 93 babies had one or more malformations. The overall incidence of malformations was 3.083%. Incidence of malformations among live births was 2.72% whereas it was 17.33% among still born babies. Musculoskeletal malformations accounted for 27.5% of all the malformations. This was followed by cutaneous 19.16%, genitourinary 15.83%, gastrointestinal 12.5%, neurological 10% and cardiac 5.83%. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of stillbirths and infant mortality. Musculoskeletal malformations were the commonest system involved. Still born babies had a significantly higher incidence of malformations and also had a higher incidence of multiple malformations.
ABSTRACT
Donovanosis is a slowly progressive, granulomatous ulcerative disease , caused by Klebsiella (Calymmatobacterium) granulomatis. The disease is known to persist for years together, leading to complications. A male patient aged 30 years with underlying HIV-2 infection presented to the department of STD with painful ulceration over the genital region of 5 months duration, with absence of penis. Tissue smear from the ulcer and histopathological examination revealed large histiocytes with intracellular Donovan bodies (Pund cell). A final diagnosis of donovanosis with auto-amputation of penis with HIV-2 infection was made. The old conventional medicines, viz. streptomycin, doxycycline and amoxycillin, were effective. Though HIV-2 infections are milder than HIV-1 infections in all aspects, donovanosis in this HIV-2 infected case presented with complications. However, since the CD4 count was 748 cells/cmm, the severity is attributed to the long standing nature and negligence by the patient, and not to possible immunodeficiency.
ABSTRACT
Pleomorphic adenoma of soft palate is extremely rare. A large tumour in soft palate is reported with sleep apnea syndrome. Diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration cytology and intraoperative consultation by imprint smears, which were confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical studies.