ABSTRACT
Objective@#The utility of adjuvant therapy for women with uterine confined leiomyosarcoma remains uncertain. We sought to identify trends, analyze efficacy, and assess survival impact of adjuvant therapy in this patients. @*Methods@#We performed an observational cohort study of 1030 women with early stage leiomyosarcoma from the 2008–2014 National Cancer Database. Multi-nominal logistic regression was used to identify trends in receipt of adjuvant treatment. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate survival. @*Results@#There were 547 who (53.1%) received observation, 79 (7.7%) received radiation alone, 340 (33.0%) received chemotherapy alone, and 64 (6.2%) received chemoradiation. Patients were more likely to be observed if tumor size was 5 cm, and LVSI with worsened survival, with the strongest predictor of mortality being the presence of LVSI. With a median survival of 61.9 months, there was no difference in estimated overall survival at 1 and 3 years based on receipt of adjuvant treatment as compared to observation (p=0.500). @*Conclusion@#Although women with uterine confined leiomyosarcoma experience high recurrence rates and poor survival outcomes, adjuvant treatment does not appear to confer a survival benefit.