ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of anxiety symptoms in this population.@*Methods@#A cluster random sample of 2 515 first year students from two universities in Yunnan Province was selected to carry out a longitudinal investigation which included a baseline survey (November 2021, T1) and three follow up visits (June 2022, T2; November 2022, T3; June 2023, T4). The food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess processed food consumption, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21, Chinese version) was used to evaluate anxiety symptoms. A generalized estimation equation model was used to analyze the relationship between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms.@*Results@#The detection rates of T1-T4 anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province were 29.70%, 36.70%, 37.69% and 38.73 %, respectively, and the corresponding anxiety symptom scores were 4(0,8), 4(0,10), 4(0,12), 2(0,14). After controlling for demographic variables and confounding factors in the generalized estimation equation model, a statistically significant association was found between consumption of carbonated beverages ( β=0.06, 95%CI =0.03-0.08), and other processed snacks ( β= 0.04 , 95%CI =0.01-0.07) ( P <0.05). The stratified analysis by gender showed that the consumption of carbonated beverages ( β=0.08, 95%CI =0.05-0.12) and fast food ( β=0.03, 95%CI =0.00-0.06) was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in female college students ( P <0.05). There was no significant association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms in male college students ( P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#Processed food consumption by college students in Yunnan Province may increase the risk of anxiety symptoms, particularly among female students. There is a need to strengthen guidance in respect to processed food consumption, so as to prevent and treat anxiety symptoms.
ABSTRACT
Music therapy is beneficial for neurological diseases, especially in slowing down the progression of clinical symptoms in patients. However, it remains unclear to what extent can music therapy may affect patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Questions remain on whether music therapy can improve the quality of life (QOL) of AD patients, who are usually with poor QOL owing to the burden of the disease. A search that compared the effectiveness of music therapy to improve the QOL of AD patients was carried out. PubMed, Cochrane library clinical trial database, and WAN FANG database were searched to collect data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two independent researchers extracted data from the selected eligible articles by using a collection form and RevMan5.3 statistical software and applied it for the meta-analysis. We included six RCTs in our meta-analysis. The results showed that compared to the control group, music intervention can significantly increase the score of the QOL-AD scale (MD=5.10, 95%CI: 2.95-7.24, p<0.001) and The World Health Organization QOL Rating Scale Short Form score (MD=5.76, 95%CI: 1.59-9.92, p=0.007). The results suggested that music therapy could improve the QOL for elderly patients with AD. Our findings indicated that music therapy might be considered a non-pharmaceutical therapy for patients with AD in the future.