Biological and phylogenetic analysis of first isolate of Tahyna virus in China / 病毒学报

In 2006, the first Chinese Tahyna virus isolate (XJ0625) was obtained in Xinjiang province and human infection were found in the same region. In this study, cell culture, animal experiments, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay and cross neutralization tests were performed to see the cell susceptibility, animal pathogenicity, morphology and antigenic and other biological characteristics of XJ0625. In addition, molecular biology software was used to analyze the characteristics of molecular evolution. The results showed that BHK-21 cell line was susceptible to XJ0625 and the virus was lethal to suckling mice when injected by intracranial ways. Similar to the other Bunyavirus, Tahyna virus is spherical enveloped virus under electron microscopy. XJ0625 infected cells showed strong fluorescent signal and could be neutralized by immune asities fluid with immnity to protype Tahyna virus Bardos 92. The sequence of the S and M segments showed 91.8% and 81.9% homology with Bardos 92.

Study on time-space clustering regarding the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in Kashgar Re-gion,Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To probe time-space clustering on the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Kashgar Region.Methods Based on the geographic information system,a Poisson model of time-space statistical software was applied to analyze data over the past 11 years in the Kashgar Region.Zones with clustering phenomenon were conformed by geographic location and remote sensing images.Results There existed three high risk clustering zones and corresponding time frames of VL in Kashgar Region.The center location of zone A was located in E 76.08°,N 39.52°,with radius as 6.58 km.The high risk time frame was from January 1st of 1999 to December 31st of 2003.Within the zone and time frame,the relative risk (RR) of VL incidence was 45.98 times higher than those outside the scope (P＜0.0001).Zone B's center location was at E 79.20°,N 39.91°,with the radius as 4.93 km.Its high risk time frame was from January 1st of 2002 to December 31st of 2006.Within the zone and time frame,the RR of VL incidence was 9.58 times higher than those outside of the scope (P＜0.0001).Zone C's center location was in E 76.23°,N 39.40°,and the radius was 7.63 km,with the high risk time frame from January 1st of 2000 to December 31st of 2004.Within the zone and time frame,the RR of VL incidence was 5.18 times higher than the one from outside of the scope (P＜0.0001).Conclusion The incidence of VL in Kashgar Region was non-randomly distributed while there existed obvious time-space clustering,with all of three high risk clustering zones located in oasis area where appeared the focus area for control and surveillance of VL.

A new member of Brevidensovirus, 0507JS11 virus isolated from Culex mosquitoes collected in Xinjiang / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the primary characteristic of 0507JS11 virus isolated from Culex sp. and determine the classification of 0507JS11 virus in taxonomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>0507JS11 virus was cultured in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells and cytopathic effects (CPEs) were recorded. Electro-microscopic morphology of 0507JS11 virus was observed. Total DNA extract of 0507JS11 virus was detected by 1% Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. Complete genomic sequence of 0507JS11 virus was sequenced and then made phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>0507JS11 virus could cause CPEs in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells. Viral particles have no envelope and appear icosahedron symmetry with diameter of 20 nm. The genome of 0507JS11 virus was positive single strand DNA (ssDNA) with full length of 3977 nt. However, a DNA band about 4 kbp was observed in the electrophoresis of total DNA extract of 0507JS11 virus. The coding region of the genome included three ORFs, ORF1 and ORF2 code NSP1 and NSP2, ORF3 codes VP. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomic sequence of 0507JS11 virus indicated an independent linear in Brevidensovirus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>0507JS11 virus is a new member in Brevidensovirus.</p>

Isolation and primary identification of viruses in mosquitoes in the south of Xinjiang / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate viruses from mosquitoes in the south of Xinjiang and identify these viruses primarily.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 13 491 mosquitoes were collected in the south of Xinjiang from Jul to Aug, 2005. These mosquitoes were divided into 130 groups and grinded respectively. The supernates were inoculated in C6/36 and Vero cells. Viruses isolated were detected, the genomic nucleic types by electrophoresis of viral genomes and the morphologies observed under electronmicroscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 42 viruses were isolated, which caused CPEs on C6/36 but not on Vero cells. 27 viruses showed similar genomic profiles with 12 dsRNA segments. 1 virus displayed genomic profile with 10 dsRNA segments. 5 viruses took on similar genomic profiles with about 4 kbp DNA band. 9 viruses did not get any taxonomy information. Electromicroscopic pictures of these viruses revealed that above four types of viruses had distinguished morphologies indicating different virus species.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There should be several virus species in the mosquitoes in the south of Xinjiang. dsRNA virus with 12 genomic segments should play analysis a predominant role in the south of Xinjiang.</p>

New type of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus isolated from mosquitoes in China / 病毒学报

0507BS3 virus was isolated from a mixed pool of Culex sp. and Anopheles sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, China. 0507BS3 virus could cause cytopathic effects on C6/36 cells but not on Vero and BHK-21 cells. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 60 nm (n = 20). Viral capsid was composed of a single layer and a central core. Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 10 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the tenth segment revealed the length of 964bp (GenBank ID: FJ150869). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 275 amino acids with a molecular mass of 30.8kDa. The nucleotide sequence had no similarity with any other viral genomic sequences, but the deduced amino acid sequence significantly matched the polyhedrin genes of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) in some sections. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the polyhedrin gene sequences of all CPV types in GenBank. The tree demonstrated that 0507BS3 virus was only distantly related to the other CPV types and belonged to a new CPV type.

0507JS60 virus isolated in Xinjiang was identified as Liaoning virus / 病毒学报

0507JS60 virus was isolated from a pool of Culex sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, which could be propagated stably on C6/36 cells and caused cytopathic effects continuously. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 55nm (n = 10). Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 12 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the twelfth segment revealed the length of 760bp (GenBank ID: FJ157354). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 174 amino acids with a molecular mass of 18.9kD. The nucleotide sequence had similarity over 89% with that of LNV, but the deduced amino acid sequence had similarity over 91% with that of LNV. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the corresponding genetic sequences in Seadornavirus. The tree demonstrated that 0507JS60 virus lied in the same branch with LNV and more closely related to LNV-NE9712. 0507JS60 virus was identified as LNV, which was firstly isolated outside the Northeast of China.