Association of tumor budding and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with clinicopathological parameters in gallbladder carcinoma

Purpose@#Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) poses significant challenges in oncology due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. The lack of effective biomarkers for early detection and prognosis exacerbates the prognosis for GBC patients. Tumor budding (TB) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as potential prognostic indicators in various cancers, reflecting tumor-host immune interactions and tumor aggressiveness. The study of TB and TILs in GBC is particularly important due to the limited literature available. @*Methods@#This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the association of TB and TILs with clinicopathological parameters in GBC patients. Clinicopathological data were collected from patients with histologically confirmed GBC who underwent surgical resection. The sections were evaluated for TB and TILs using standardized methods. Statistical analysis was performed to assess associations between these parameters and clinicopathological variables. @*Results@#Tumor stage and grade showed significant associations with TB and TILs, indicating their potential as prognostic markers. High TB correlated with advanced tumor stage and higher grade, while high TIL infiltration was associated with early tumor stage and lower grade. Additionally, TILs exhibited a significant association with lymphovascular invasion. Interestingly, an inverse association was observed between TB and TILs, highlighting the dynamic interplay between tumor aggressiveness and host immune response. @*Conclusion@#TB and TILs hold prognostic significance in GBC, offering insights into its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Future research exploring the mechanistic underpinnings of tumor-host immune interactions in GBC is crucial for translating these findings into clinical applications and improving outcomes for patients.

Schwannoma of the Scrotum: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors composed of Schwann cells, which normally produce the insulating myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves. Common locations include the head, neck, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum. These tumors are usually asymptomatic until they become large and compress the surrounding tissues. Most schwannomas occur during the third and fourth decades of life, with an equal gender distribution. We present the case of a schwannoma that originated in the scrotum.

Pindborg tumor in an adolescent

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor [Pindborg tumor], is a rare benign odontogenic neoplasm representing about 0.4-3% of all odontogenic tumors. This tumor more frequently affects adults in the age range of 20-60 years, with a peak incidence in the 5 th decade of life. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour has a much lower recurrence rate than ameloblastoma and malignant transformation, and metastasis is rare

Combined modality cytopathologic diagnosis of lung malignancy: a feasible proposition?

Primary carcinoma of lung is a major health problem with a generally grim prognosis. Cytology is reliable and useful method in the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma. However, an orderly approach to diagnosis, using a variety of cytologic diagnostic procedures helps us to separate benign and malignant lesions of lung and allows early diagnosis and cytologic typing of various pulmonary malignant lesions. That provides perspective selection of best therapy for individual patient. We have reached to a conclusion from the present study that multiple types of tissue sampling techniques including bronchial brushing, transbronchial needle aspiration [TBNA], CT-guided transcutaneous needle aspiration [TCNA] and bronchial biopsy should be performed since the diagnostic results improve when combination of techniques are employed