ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease [CVD] remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiovascular risk factors play significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to define the features of coronary artery disease in different cardiovascular risk factors. From February 2009 to March 2010, 101 saudi patients Suspected to have ischemic heart disease were included in the study. Coronary angiography +/- percutaneous coronary intervention were done for all patients. There are positive correlation between level of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels and number of diseased vessels while there is negative correlation between hdland number of diseased vessels. Thereare significant association between various types of risk factors [DM, HTN, Dyslipidemia and smoker] and number of vessel diseased [P < 0.01, P<0.01, P<0.001, and P< 0.01 respectively] for all variables. As regard type of coronary vessel affected in different risk factors, there are no significant differences between different categories [gender, nationality, smoking and dyslipidemia] and type of coronary artery disease [LAD, RCA, LCX and left main arteries]. There is more affection of LAD in hypertensive group vs non-hypertensive group [P< 0.02]. There is large number of diabetic group have LAD lesions [57 patient out of 62, 91.9%] comparing with non-diabetic group [31 patient out of 39, 79.5%] inspite of non significant difference [P = 0.069]. Our data demonstrates the association between diabetes mellitus and hypertension as A cardiovascular risk factors and more affection of left anterior descending coronary artery. Also, it demonstrates the positive correlation between various risk factors and number of coronary arteries affected with very high prevalence of diabet es,smoking,hypertension and dyslipidemia among Saudi patients with CAD